Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa and became a leader in the fight against apartheid. He used non-violent protest and civil disobedience to oppose the racist policies of the apartheid government. Mandela spent 27 years in prison for his activism. After his release in 1990, he negotiated an end to apartheid and in 1994 became South Africa's first black president in the country's first multi-racial election. Mandela was a great leader because he dismantled apartheid through peaceful means, symbolized commitment to democracy and freedom for Africa, and led South Africa's transition to a non-racial democracy through programs improving living conditions and forming a government of national unity.