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Nelson Mandela: Brief History
Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and politician who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was born in 1918 in Mvezo, South Africa and faced racism from an early age. As a young man, he became involved in activism and joined the African National Congress Youth League. He advocated for non-violent protest, but later decided violence was necessary and co-founded the militant group Umkhonto we Sizwe. In 1962, he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for conspiring to overthrow the apartheid government. After 27 years in prison, he was released in 1990 and negotiated an end to apartheid, winning South Africa's first free elections in
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Nelson Mandela: Brief History
- 1. NELSON MANDELASouth Africananti-apartheid revolutionary politician Philanthropist who served as President of South Africa Madiba Tata
- 2. His father died BRIEFBIOGRAPHY Full name: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela Place of Birth: Village of Mvezo, Cape Province , South Africa Date of Birth: July 18, 1918 Parents: Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Nonqaphi Nosekeni Principal counsellor to the Acting King of the Thembu people Jongitaba Dalindyebo Xhosa term meaning “troublemaker 1930: Mandela became a ward of Jongitaba Dreamed: Making his own contribution to the freedom struggle of his people. @school: He attended primary school at Qunu Miss Mdingane “Nelson” = Christian Name Completed his Junior Certificate Clarkebury Boarding Institute
- 3. BRIEF BIOGRAPHY @school: Wentto Healdtown To earn repute @college: University College of Fort Hare Bachelor of Arts degree English Anthropology Politics Native Administration 1 Year Roman Dutch Law @theendoffirstyear Involved in a Student Representative Council boycott foodTemporary SuspensionLeft without receiving a degree But! Complete BA @ University of South Africa and went back @UCFH For graduation in 1943
- 5. REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITY Law StudiesOnly Native African student RACISM befriended Liberal and Communist European Jewish and Indian Student Joined @ANC Youth Legaue He’s increasingly influenced by Sisulu 1943 He met Anton Lembede Racially united ColonialismImperialismAlliance with the communist He supported Lembede’s views: Black Africans should be entirely independent in their struggle for political self-
- 6. REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITY 1952 Chosenat National Volunteer-in-chief of the Defiance Campaign with: Maulvi Cachalia 1955 Only permitted Watched in secret as the Freedom Charter 5th December He was arrested 1956 Treason Trial 21st March 1960 1st State of Emergency Police killed 69 unarmed people Protest in Sharpeville against the pass lawsBanning of the ANC and Pan Africanist Congress 8th April
- 7. REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITY Days beforethe end of the Treason Trial Nelson Mandela travelled to Pietermaritzburg to speak at the All-in Africa Conference, which resolved that he should write to Prime Minister Verwoerd requesting a non-racial national convention, and to warn that should he not agree there would be a national strike against South Africa becoming a republic. Nelson Mandela went underground and began planning a national strike for 29, 30 and 31 March. In the face of massive mobilisation of state security the strike was called off early. In June 1961 he was asked to lead the armed struggle and helped to establish Umkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation) which launched on 16 December 1961 with a series of explosions. 1962 Nelson secretly left South Africa, travelling around Africa and England Received military training at Morocco and Ethiopia
- 8. REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITY Mandela was arrestedwhile returning from KwaZulu-Natal Convicted and Sentenced to five years imprisonment October 6, 1963: Nelson joined 10 others on trial for sabotage June 11, 1964 Mandela Sisulu Kathrada Mbeki Mhlaba Goldberg Motsoaledi Mlangeni Life Inprisonment
- 9. AFTERMATH OF HIS REVOLUTIONARYACTIVITIES1991 Elected as ANC President 1994 Elected as South African President 1999 Stepped down in Presidency 1993 Won the Alfred Nobel Peace Prize 1995 Founded the Mandela Children’s Fun 2013 Mandela died at Johannesburg
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