Nelson Mandela, born in 1918 in South Africa, became a pivotal figure against apartheid, advocating for the rights of black South Africans through his leadership in the African National Congress. After spending 27 years in prison, he was released in 1990, became South Africa's first black president in 1994, and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his efforts to end apartheid. The movie 'Invictus' depicts his collaboration with the rugby team captain to unite a divided nation through sport during the 1995 World Cup.

2. NELSON MANDELA-THE FATHER OF NATION

3. BRIEF ON HIS BACKGROUND –
 Nelson Mandela was born in South Africa in 1918.
 Was named Nelson by his English school teacher
 Until 1992, the government in South Africa ran an
apartheid . An apartheid is when black people have to
live apart from white people
 Most black people had no jobs, were very poor and could
not vote because of this.

4.  Nelson grew up in a village and went away to study
law when he was a young man. He wanted to help
free black people from apartheid .
 In 1944 he joined the African National Congress .
They made protests about the apartheid but Nelson was
arrested and jailed twice for being the leader of the ANC
 In 1960 the government killed many black people for
taking part in these protests. In 1963 Nelson was sent to
prison for taking part in these protests

5.  Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison. He was
released in 1990 after the laws were changed.
 In 1991 he became president of the ANC and encouraged
the president of Africa to end apartheid.
 He won the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for this and then
became president of South Africa in 1994 – and black
people were allowed to vote for the first time.
 He worked to bring peace to the country and to help
black people. He retired in 1999 and now travels the
world helping other countries solve their problems.

6. INVICTUS –THE MOVIE
 Invictus is a 2009 biographical sports drama film
 Directed by Clint Eastwood
 Starring Morgan Freeman As Nelson Mandela and
Matt Damon as Francios Pienaar.
 The story is based on the John Carlin book titled:
Playing the Enemy: Nelson Mandela and the Game

7. Plot Summary:
The film tells the inspiring true story of how Nelson
Mandela joined forces with the captain of South
Africa's rugby team to help unite their country.
Newly elected President Mandela knows his nation
remains racially and economically divided in the
wake of apartheid. Believing he can bring his people
together through the universal language of sport,
Mandela rallies South Africa's underdog rugby team
as they make an unlikely run to the 1995 World Cup
Championship match.

8. LEARNING FROM INVICTUS :-

16. OLD FLAG
NEW FLAG

17. *

19. “

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