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Navajo
Spirituality
By Ellie, Jessica and Grace
INTRODUCTION
Demographics
History
Beliefs
Rituals & Practices
Engaging Followers
DEMOGRAPHICS
Demographics
Reservation United States
Native Region -largest land reservation for Native Americans
-most systematic running tribe
-runs under a three branches of government
331,813
169,321
N. America Reservation:
17,035,180.68
Sovereign Native-American Nation
(Navajo Nation Profile, 2021) (U.S. Department of Interior, 2020).
HISTORY
● Evidence states the Navajo first entered the Southwest in
1400 A.D.
● The people were hunters and gatherers
● Oral history suggests that the Navajo had long relations with
the Pueblos.
● The Navajo originally grew the “Three Sisters” of corn, beans,
and squash.
● In 1846, the Navajo entered the U.S army.
● Beginning in 1864, around 9,000 men, women, and children
were forced to walk 300 miles to New Mexico for internment.
● The U.S army maintained forts in Navajo land between 1873
and 1895.
History
Humans came from many underworlds: insects or animals.
Deities gave life
The Changing Woman taught & married the sun
Monster Slayer and Child of the Waters slayed evil
The four sacred mountains of boundaries:
San Francisco Peaks, Mt. Blanco, Mt. Taylor, and Mt. Hesperus.
The Holy People arranged the stars and put the sun and moon in
the sky.
The Creation Story
Navajo Spiritual Rights Timeline
1978
Religious
Freedom
Restoration
Act
1993
1990 2007
American
Indian
Religious
Freedom Act
Native
American
Graves
Protection
and
Repatriation
Act
Declaration
on the
Rights of
Indigenous
Peoples
BELIEFS
Hofstede’s Values
● High Power Distance,
because elders are
respected, but so are
children
● Collective and
communal mentality
● A “feminine” society
where everyone is
accounted for and
the earth is a
beautiful resource
Spirituality, not
Religion
● Spirituality in every
aspect of life
● Do not consider
selves religious
2 Groups
● Earth and Holy
people
● Earth people
attempt to
maintain balance
● Holy people instruct
Earth people
NAVAJO BELIEFS
PRACTICES
● Can be symbol or artifact
● Spin clockwise “sun-wise”
● Aligns forces of nature
Medicine Wheel
● Cleanses from toxins
● Community vulnerability
● Reminder to identify
pain and see it as an
area for growth
Sweat Lodge
Blessingway is a central
ceremony of a complex system of
practices of the Navajo in which
singing or chanting is used to
restore equilibrium to the cosmos.
Healing Ceremonies
Engaging Followers
A Christian’s Role
● The religion of Navajo is one in which their
religion is based off of spirituality and several
different gods are those who created life. Like the
Navajos, as Christians we have a creation story,
and we can use this to explain how God is the
one true God and how our God differs from all of
their gods.
As A Christian:
● 1 John 4:9-11 which says “ This is how God showed his love among
us: He sent his one and only Son into the world that we might live
through him. This is love: not that we loved God, but that he loved us
and sent his Son as an atoning sacrifice for our sins. Dear friends,
since God so loved us, we also ought to love one another.”
● Through this verse, we can discuss how much God loves us and
how his spirit is always with us and how he sacrificed for us, and
how because of this we may love one another just as the Navajos
strive to do :)
1 John 4:9-11
Works Cited
Irwin, L. (Ed.). (2000). Native american spirituality : A critical reader. ProQuest Ebook Central
https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org
Iverson, P, Nez Denetdale, J, and E. Deer, A (2006). The Navajo. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2006. ISBN
0-7910-8595-3.
Lewton, E. L. (2000). Identity and healing in three Navajo religious tradition . Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 14(4), 476
Okar Research. (2013). [Photograph]. http://balkhandshambhala.blogspot.com/2013/03/hozho.html
U.S. Department of the Interior. (2020). Navajo Region. Indian Affairs. https://www.bia.gov/regional-offices/navajo.
Verschage, C. L., (2021). Native American Spirituality. Walking in a sacred manner.
(2021). Navajo Nation Profile. navajoprofile.wind.enavajo.org. https://navajoprofile.wind.enavajo.org/.

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Navajo spirituality

  • 4. Demographics Reservation United States Native Region -largest land reservation for Native Americans -most systematic running tribe -runs under a three branches of government 331,813 169,321 N. America Reservation: 17,035,180.68 Sovereign Native-American Nation (Navajo Nation Profile, 2021) (U.S. Department of Interior, 2020).
  • 5.
  • 7. ● Evidence states the Navajo first entered the Southwest in 1400 A.D. ● The people were hunters and gatherers ● Oral history suggests that the Navajo had long relations with the Pueblos. ● The Navajo originally grew the “Three Sisters” of corn, beans, and squash. ● In 1846, the Navajo entered the U.S army. ● Beginning in 1864, around 9,000 men, women, and children were forced to walk 300 miles to New Mexico for internment. ● The U.S army maintained forts in Navajo land between 1873 and 1895. History
  • 8. Humans came from many underworlds: insects or animals. Deities gave life The Changing Woman taught & married the sun Monster Slayer and Child of the Waters slayed evil The four sacred mountains of boundaries: San Francisco Peaks, Mt. Blanco, Mt. Taylor, and Mt. Hesperus. The Holy People arranged the stars and put the sun and moon in the sky. The Creation Story
  • 9. Navajo Spiritual Rights Timeline 1978 Religious Freedom Restoration Act 1993 1990 2007 American Indian Religious Freedom Act Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
  • 11. Hofstede’s Values ● High Power Distance, because elders are respected, but so are children ● Collective and communal mentality ● A “feminine” society where everyone is accounted for and the earth is a beautiful resource Spirituality, not Religion ● Spirituality in every aspect of life ● Do not consider selves religious 2 Groups ● Earth and Holy people ● Earth people attempt to maintain balance ● Holy people instruct Earth people NAVAJO BELIEFS
  • 13. ● Can be symbol or artifact ● Spin clockwise “sun-wise” ● Aligns forces of nature Medicine Wheel
  • 14. ● Cleanses from toxins ● Community vulnerability ● Reminder to identify pain and see it as an area for growth Sweat Lodge
  • 15. Blessingway is a central ceremony of a complex system of practices of the Navajo in which singing or chanting is used to restore equilibrium to the cosmos. Healing Ceremonies
  • 17. ● The religion of Navajo is one in which their religion is based off of spirituality and several different gods are those who created life. Like the Navajos, as Christians we have a creation story, and we can use this to explain how God is the one true God and how our God differs from all of their gods. As A Christian:
  • 18. ● 1 John 4:9-11 which says “ This is how God showed his love among us: He sent his one and only Son into the world that we might live through him. This is love: not that we loved God, but that he loved us and sent his Son as an atoning sacrifice for our sins. Dear friends, since God so loved us, we also ought to love one another.” ● Through this verse, we can discuss how much God loves us and how his spirit is always with us and how he sacrificed for us, and how because of this we may love one another just as the Navajos strive to do :) 1 John 4:9-11
  • 19. Works Cited Irwin, L. (Ed.). (2000). Native american spirituality : A critical reader. ProQuest Ebook Central https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org Iverson, P, Nez Denetdale, J, and E. Deer, A (2006). The Navajo. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2006. ISBN 0-7910-8595-3. Lewton, E. L. (2000). Identity and healing in three Navajo religious tradition . Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 14(4), 476 Okar Research. (2013). [Photograph]. http://balkhandshambhala.blogspot.com/2013/03/hozho.html U.S. Department of the Interior. (2020). Navajo Region. Indian Affairs. https://www.bia.gov/regional-offices/navajo. Verschage, C. L., (2021). Native American Spirituality. Walking in a sacred manner. (2021). Navajo Nation Profile. navajoprofile.wind.enavajo.org. https://navajoprofile.wind.enavajo.org/.