The document discusses models of cultural and religious transformation. It describes culture as layers like a river, with worldviews forming the deepest layer. Models of identity transformation include Erikson's stages of identity and Marcia's identity statuses. Models of religious conversion include Rambo's stages of conversion. When the gospel transforms a society, it can create new cultural artifacts and change deeper layers like values, beliefs, and worldviews over time according to the model of culture making. Transformation involves changes to individual and collective identity.