Secondary education (ix-xii)is an important subsector of the entire education system.
It provides middle level workers for economy of the country .
It acts as a feeder for further level of education .
Quality of higher education depends upon the quality of secondary education to produce high quality of professionals in different fields. So it should prepare the youth of the country for the pursuit of higher education.
Muhammad Tahir Rabbani is well-renowned teacher, trainer,parenting coach,writer, an inspirational speaker and leader, a success coach and a practical educationist of Pakistan.
Universalization of Secondary Education in Indiarajib saha
The issue of universalization of secondary education in India has been discussed mainly with the details of RMSA or Rasthriya Madhyamik Siksha Abhiyan. it is useful enough for the students of education discipline to know the history and present status of secondary education in India.
Muhammad Tahir Rabbani is well-renowned teacher, trainer,parenting coach,writer, an inspirational speaker and leader, a success coach and a practical educationist of Pakistan.
Universalization of Secondary Education in Indiarajib saha
The issue of universalization of secondary education in India has been discussed mainly with the details of RMSA or Rasthriya Madhyamik Siksha Abhiyan. it is useful enough for the students of education discipline to know the history and present status of secondary education in India.
EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS IS MOST IMPORTANT FOR DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE EDUCATION SYSTEM.THIS PRESENTATION SHOWS THE CURRENT SCENARIO OF TEACHER EDUCATION IN INDIA.
The Recommendations of University Education Commission 1948-49 | By Durlav Ka...Durlav Kalita
University Education Commission is the first Education commission of Independent India. Government of India appointed this commission in 1948 to study about higher education of India. The commission is given many valuable recommendations in its report submitted in 1949.
PROBLEMS, ISSUES and TRENDS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION OF PAKISTANR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is the most defectives stage in our entire educational organization and it needs urgently a thorough examination and complete reorientation . Defect cannot be overlooked that during the period of secondary education the young boys and girls of the country are exploited by individuals and groups and their energies, instead of being utilized into worthy social purposes, are harnessed to destructive activities.
Comparison of Teacher Education in Pakistan with Other Developed Countries Syed Ali Roshan
This presentation was created to compare the level of teacher education in Pakistan with other developed countries such as Finland, France, Italy and Norway. This analysis helps identify the shortcomings in the Pakistani Education system and how comparative education help bridge that gap.
Secondary Education - Targets and Achievements in PakistanR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is to prepare adolescence for effective participation in social activities as good citizens of Pakistan committed to Islamic values, contributing to economical and technological development. The seventh 5-year plan aims at strengthening self-respect, self-esteem, and love for humanity.
So, secondary education would offer diversified programs. Talent should be groomed for developing a strong leadership group so vital to socio-cultural, economic and technological development of Pakistan.
EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS IS MOST IMPORTANT FOR DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE EDUCATION SYSTEM.THIS PRESENTATION SHOWS THE CURRENT SCENARIO OF TEACHER EDUCATION IN INDIA.
The Recommendations of University Education Commission 1948-49 | By Durlav Ka...Durlav Kalita
University Education Commission is the first Education commission of Independent India. Government of India appointed this commission in 1948 to study about higher education of India. The commission is given many valuable recommendations in its report submitted in 1949.
PROBLEMS, ISSUES and TRENDS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION OF PAKISTANR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is the most defectives stage in our entire educational organization and it needs urgently a thorough examination and complete reorientation . Defect cannot be overlooked that during the period of secondary education the young boys and girls of the country are exploited by individuals and groups and their energies, instead of being utilized into worthy social purposes, are harnessed to destructive activities.
Comparison of Teacher Education in Pakistan with Other Developed Countries Syed Ali Roshan
This presentation was created to compare the level of teacher education in Pakistan with other developed countries such as Finland, France, Italy and Norway. This analysis helps identify the shortcomings in the Pakistani Education system and how comparative education help bridge that gap.
Secondary Education - Targets and Achievements in PakistanR.A Duhdra
The secondary education is to prepare adolescence for effective participation in social activities as good citizens of Pakistan committed to Islamic values, contributing to economical and technological development. The seventh 5-year plan aims at strengthening self-respect, self-esteem, and love for humanity.
So, secondary education would offer diversified programs. Talent should be groomed for developing a strong leadership group so vital to socio-cultural, economic and technological development of Pakistan.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AT SECONDARY EDUCATIONR.A Duhdra
Curriculum is the base on which the subjects, activities and experiences are planned.
Curriculum encompasses all types of activities, experiences, programs etc. planned and managed by the school leading to the achievements of instructional objectives.
It is more than the textbook, more than the subject matter or course of studies. it is the totality of all the learning to which you are exposed during study in the school, classroom, lab, library, playground etc.
A Framework to Achieve Quality and Excellence in Higher Education: A Literatu...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Educating large numbers of people to a high
standard and disseminating knowledge can be considered as
the main objectives of today’s higher education sector. An
effective framework for delivery mechanism by enhancing
the functional responsibility and its effective execution will
help the nation in achieving quality and excellence in higher
education. Present paper tries to explore framework for
achieving quality and excellence in higher education by
analysing the various functional aspect of higher educational
system in the country. After extensive literature survey and
analysing the research work of eminent researchers and
thinkers, it is concluded that higher education has become
larger and more central to society and individuals; hence,
there a need to develop framework including different
functional components for performance indicator and
measurement. It is suggested that various enhancement
function should be executed primarily in systems of high
trust, whereas the accountability function has to be
developed to prevent bad quality of institutions and
programs, and thus to protect the beneficiaries i.e. students
and society. Universities need to be consciously and
explicitly managing the processes associated with the
creation of their knowledge assets and to recognise the value
of their intellectual capital to their continuing role in society
and in a wider global marketplace for higher education.
Most valuable schools to watch in the Middle East Volume-1Merry D'souza
We, at The Knowledge Review, selected some extraordinary international schools and featured them in our latest edition –
Most valuable schools to watch in the Middle . Have a great insight about these flourishing international schools.
If high schools are to succeed in preparing students for college and/or careers in the 21st century, they will need to be more responsive to student needs, make better use of new technology, provide teachers with greater professional development opportunities, and re-evaluate their very structure.
These observations come from a policy paper released by the McGraw-Hill Research Foundation http://www.mcgraw-hillresearchfoundation.org, “A High School for the 21st Century,” written by leading educational experts Jordan Goldman, founder and CEO, Unigo.com; Gerry House, president and CEO, Institute for Student Achievement; and Jeff Livingston, senior vice president, Career and College Readiness, McGraw-Hill Education.
In this paper, the authors say that most U.S. high schools are stuck in a 19th-century educational model designed to fail, and they offers practical solutions to create college and career-focused high schools.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND THEORIES OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTR.A Duhdra
After learning this topic you can be able to
Define social development
Describe the meaning, nature and importance of social development
Explain various social development theories
Describe the characteristics of learners at preschool, kindergarten and elementary school level.
Describe various learning activities which can be provided at preschool, kindergarten and elementary level.
In this unit you will learn about social development and various theories related to it. First of all this is important to note that social development is closely associated with emotional development and these aspects of development are termed as social emotional development. These two developments occur simultaneously.
In the workplace, hard skills and soft skills are equally taken into account, especially in this 21st century, where people are required to have ‘global employability skills’ to secure a good job. This study aims to determine the benefits of international mobility programs have on the ability of soft skills, especially in the aspects of communication, social skills and flexibility—as parts of ‘global employability skills’--of students and alumni of a Vocational College within three years from 2017 to 2019. The research method used is by distributing questionnaires Google Form with Likert Scale format from strongly disagree to strongly agree scale 1-5. Research subjects were active students and graduates of Vocational College (Sekolah Vokasi) UGM who had participated in international mobility programs, both incoming and outgoing programs, organized by the OIA SV-UGM, in 2017-2019. The respondents were 60 people. The results showed that the developed soft skills were language and communication skills, interpersonal skills, teamwork, cultural understanding and adaptability and openness. Specifically for alumni, soft skills that are highly developed and helpful in the working world are adaptability and openness (82.9%), cultural understanding (74.3%), language and communication skills (71.4%), ability to work together (65.7%), and interpersonal skills (54.3%).
Organisational Structure of Secondary Education in PakistanR.A Duhdra
Objective
To Differentiate educational scenario before and after 18th amendment.
To differentiate role of Director Public Instruction schools and Colleges.
To know the curriculum development process and textbook development.
Types of Education Schools in Pakistan
ROLE OF THE UNIVERSITY unit 2 AIOU workshopR.A Duhdra
Philosophy of Higher Education
Four pillars emerge from philosophy of
education
Importance of Philosophy of Education
Need of the University
Contribution of Universities in Different Areas
Modes of the University
Factors Influencing the Selection of Mode
Open Learning Mode
Functions of the University
INTRODUCTION TO HIGHER EDUCATION unit 1 Part 2R.A Duhdra
explain the nature of higher education
discuss the need and purpose of higher
education
know the challenges and suggestions about
higher education
Understand the status, factors and reforms of
higher education in Pakistan
INTRODUCTION TO HIGHER EDUCATION 8625 unit 1 Part-1R.A Duhdra
INTRODUCTION TO
HIGHER EDUCATION
explain the nature of higher education
discuss the need and purpose of higher
education
know the challenges and suggestions about
higher education
Understand the status, factors and reforms of
higher education in Pakistan
Unit-9 Psychological Testing and Its ImplicationsR.A Duhdra
INTRODUCTION
Testing, in education and psychology is a systematic process to measure an individual’s knowledge, intelligence, specific skills and other personal traits. It is also to collect information about the strengths, weakness of a student, teacher and educational programme.
The questions, problems and tasks to be attempted are called test item. In this unit we are going to study some basic concepts related to psychological testing and assessment, its validity and reliability, major areas and kinds of psychological testing.
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, the students can be able to:
Define tests and psychological testing
Describe nature and importance of psychological testing
Outline the different areas of psychological testing
Discuss the various kinds of tests
Know the reliability and validity of psychological testing
Differentiate between psychological testing and assessment
INTRODUCTION
Adolescence is a period of life with specific health and development needs. It is also a time to develop knowledge and skills, manage emotions and relationships and acquire attributes / abilities that will be important for enjoying the adolescent years and assuming adult roles.
This stage requires special care from adults. An adolescent longs for personal identity, striving for autonomy and independence. In this unit we are going to discuss the external factors that influence the development of an adolescent.
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, the students can be able to:
Understand how community is important for the development of an adolescent
Understand how family can play a role in the psychological development of an adolescent
Elaborate the importance of media in adolescent development
Unit-7 Life Crisis and Problems and Issues in AdolescentR.A Duhdra
INTRODUCTION
Adolescent crises mean the upheavals that the adolescents face during this period. These can be related to changes which are taking place in emotional, psychological and physical development areas. The parents feel confused and frustrated while interacting with their children. These crises may be failing school, staying out late, sleeping all day, running off, being expelled, use of drugs etc. affect the life of a teen ager.
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, the students can be able to:
Define the crises in adolescence.
Understand the issues and problems of puberty.
Understand attachment theory and its implications in adolescence
Enumerate and identify few problems relating to adolescence
Unit-6 Moral Development in Adolescent PsychologyR.A Duhdra
INTRODUCTION
The word ‘moral’ comes from the Latin term ‘Mores’ which means manner, custom and habit. Moral development involves the formation of a system of values in which decisions concerning ‘right’ and ‘wrong’, ‘good’ and ‘bad’.
Moral development have three major faces - 1. Cognitive 2. Behavior 3. Emotional
OBJECTIVES
After studying the unit you will be able to
Define moral value development in humans.
Discuss morality and its constituents
Describe the nature of moral development
Outline different factors contributing towards moral development
Describes various Piaget’s and Kohlberg’s theories of moral development
Unit-5 Social Development in Adolescent PsychologyR.A Duhdra
INTRODUCTION
A society is peaceful, progressing and prosperous if all its members perform their duties towards others in a respectful manner.
The promotion of members of society with respect to their life longevity, education decent standard of living (per capita income) is called social development. All segments of society should be kept on the path of peace, prosperity and stability.
In this unit we are going to study about social development of children and adults through the process of education and training to prepare them for their future role in the society. Social development can be ensured as per indices set by UNDP and other organizations.
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, the learners will be able to
Explain the concept of social development.
Compare various theories of social development .
Discuss different aspects of nature of social development.
Justify the role of family in the social development of adolescent’s .
Elaborate the role of peers in social development of young ones .
Describe the school role in social development in the light of different theories
Education enables an individual to live healthy social life with emotional stability Emotional excitement Is related to our mind and body. In this unit, we will study some basic concepts related to emotional development like emotional problems and different strategies to understand emotional problems.
OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, you will be able to
define emotional development.
explain the nature and aspects of emotional development.
differentiate emotional development at different age levels.
outline various factors affecting Emotional Development.
describe the different kinds of Emotional Development.
discuss various strategies to cope with emotional problems.
DEFINITION
Emotional development involves learning what feelings and emotions are understanding how and why they occur recognizing your own feelings and those of others and developing effective ways for managing those feelings.
Emotional development is a complex affective experience e.g expression, understanding and regulation of emotions from birth to adolescence and adulthood.
After learning this unit, the students can be able to understand:
Define cognitive development
Describe the nature and aspects of cognitive development
Outline the various factors affecting C.D
Describe the role of cognitive development in behavioural changes
Describe changes
Describe piaget’s formal operations and its various characteristics
Explain information processing and decision making
INTRODUCTION
Cognitive development is the study of childhood neurological and psychological development which is assessed on the level of conception, perception, information processing and language as an indicator of brain development. In this unit we will study basic concepts related to cognitive development like nature, aspects of C.D. factors affecting C.D, educational implications, piagets’ stages of C.D, information processing and decision making.
After reading this unit, the learners will be able to:
Understand what biological changes occur during adolescence period.
Comprehended importance of norms and individual differences at puberty.
Conceptual knowledge of hormonal control of puberty
Grasp the idea of pubertal change and its effects on individuals.
Educational Management and Leadership SystemR.A Duhdra
Leadership is critical to educational development and specific preparation is are vital if leaders are to maximize their effectiveness. Senior teachers develop more leading capacity as they have experience to tackle unwanted situations. Leadership is the general process of influence and motivating others to work effectively while the management processes on planning and organizing to complete the task within time. All the teachers are managers as they have to manage teaching / learning activities.
Understand nature and need of educational management
State the nature and need of leadership
Debate on performance evaluation
Understand theories of performance management
Describe different techniques of performance evaluation
Social Change Management and Leadership R.A Duhdra
SOCIAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
Change lead to a comprehensive transformation, as social as well as commercial, political, economic and cultural. Now the traditional companies have to change their business operations and direct them to new technologies in order to remain in the present competitive age.
After studying this unit the prospective teachers can be able to
Define change management and its role in organization and society
Elaborate ethics and code of ethics of leadership
Express management of innovation and changing role of educational leader / manager
Explain the concept of Teacher leadership
The human beharviour has diversity to handle various situations in a multi-faceted organization in different fields. There are five categories- autocratic, democratic, participative, goal oriented and situational. Different styles have been described before explaining Theories presented by researchers and at the end existing educational leadership styles being practiced in Pakistan have also been explained.
Discuss the concept of leadership styles
Elaborate research conducted by Ohio state University regarding behavioral leadership style.
Understand resreach conducted by University of Michigan and taxes regarding leadership styles.
Analyse the difference of researches conducted by these Universities.
Suggest solutions to meet the challenges of leadership styles in Pakistani education
Leadership is considered as being “a part of the problem-solving machinery of the group, (Gibb-1958). Leaders are highly powerful authority and can influence decisions made in the workplace to achieve organizational goals.
• Fredrick taylor gave the concept of scientific management to direct the organizational productivity.
• Max weber (1922) gave an idea of bureaucratic management.
• Mary parker follett (1926)- participatory management in “power with” as opposed to “power over.”
• Describe various theories of leadership.
• Discuss the necessary characteristics of leadership.
• Enumerate the leadership styles and need of taking appropriate decisions.
• Infer the leadership styles that has concern for people and production.
• Describe the important role of leadership that encourages participation and enhances contributions from group members.
International influence is exerted by one person or a group, over other people, to structure the activities and relationships in a group or organization.
A social influencing process, The nature of the influence, The purpose for the exercise of influence and its outcomes. Educational leadership is concerned with formal educational institutions. Leadership is generally not related to a role but viewed as a process.
• Describe the scope of educational leadership.
• Explain the concept of educational leadership in local context.
• Elaborate historical perspectives of educational leadership.
• Discuss the prevailing situation of educational leadership in local context.
• Explain the concept of educational leadership in international perspectives.
Sources, Importance and Maintenance of Educational Financing and Forces Affecting Educational Financing.
Concept, Purpose, Functions, Phases and Advantages of Budgeting.
Components and maintenance of physical aspects (school building site of the school and hostel)
Component and maintenance of learning resources (instructional material, audio visual aids, library)
Conflict Management in Educational OrganizationsR.A Duhdra
Five conflict response modes.
Competing, Avoiding, Accommodating
Compromising, Collaborating
After studying this unit, the students will be able to
• Elaborate the conflict and conflict management.
• Explain the types of conflict in educational organizations.
• Identify the sources of conflict in educational organizations.
• Express the role of conflict and suggest strategies of handling conflicts in educational organizations.
Efforts are being made to seek and explore the most suitable forms of management for different work setting. Some of the theories have been developed 100 years ago that provide stable framework for an organization even to today. In this unit we are going to study classical as well as modern theories which would lead us towards enhancement of productivity, job satisfaction and conducive environment of an organization.
• The management theories in detail.
• Principles of scientific management theory.
• Principles of bureaucratic management theory.
• Strengths and limitations of classical management theories.
• Components of systems theory.
• Behavioral approach to management.
• Participate management a new model in management theories.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
3. Introduction:
Secondary education (ix-xii)is an important subsector of the
entire education system.
− It provides middle level workers for economy of the country .
− It acts as a feeder for further level of education .
− Quality of higher education depends upon the quality of
secondary education to produce high quality of professionals
in different fields. So it should prepare the youth of the
country for the pursuit of higher education.
3
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
4. Introduction
− Secondary education is a stage where a student enters
adolescence - the most crucial stage of life.
− Four years program of secondary education provides the
teachers and students with a chance to initiate such programs
and activities leading to the development of positive
behaviors.
4
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
5. Nature of Secondary Education
Fundamental stage
secondary education is universally recognized as a
fundamental stage in determining the effectiveness of a
national system of education.
• Developed countries for conducting research in exploring
better solution to the increasing problems faced by the
students at this level of education .
5
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
6. NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Nature of Secondary Education
Fundamental stage
• Preparation of skilled manpower for the country
• basis of quality of education at her higher education .
• Formation of character at this level of education .
• Foundations of future leadership.
6
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
7. NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Nature of Secondary Education
Fundamental stage
• Profitable studies at secondary level if needs of society and
the child or fully assessed.
To evaluate education at this level social and cultural
values must be emphasized. Local and national culture
should be identified where the school is situated.
7
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
8. NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Nature of Secondary Education
Fundamental stage
• Stress should be laid upon “Nature of learning process”.
• Success and effectiveness of secondary education should be
viewed in international perspectives.
• New / modern teaching methods, strategies and techniques
should be used to meet the challenges of the modern time.
8
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
9. Significance
⎯ Secondary education occupies the most critical position in
educational system.
▪ Occupies a midway position .
a. Between a primary and heigher education
b. Between Childhood and adulthood as to its clientele.
▪ Paradoxical position
9
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
10. Significance
▪ A transitional role (between basic and further education )
▪ A terminal stage
▪ A sensitive stage (teenagers)
(A trend to neglect traditional secondary education.
i.e agriculture etc tends to white collar jobs).
This trends causes unemployment and frustration.
10
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
11. Significance
▪ Diversified curricula
▪ Need of guidance and counseling
(Comprehensive and pilot schools have suffered a lot due to
non availability of guidance and counseling.)
11
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
12. Objectives of Secondary Education
General Objectives:
1. To provide opportunity for all young people to obtain
secondary education - The knowledge and skills appropriate
to their needs and abilities.
2. To be a means to achieve national unity and national
objectives of development.
12
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
13. Objectives of secondary education
General objectives
3. To raise the quality of the life of the people.
4. To serve as a preparatory stage for higher education.
5. To improve learning through the use of both formal and non
formal approaches.
13
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
14. Objectives of secondary education
General objectives
6. To establish close linkage with the community to make the
students aware of the real-life situations.
7. To establish close linkage with industry, agriculture and
other places of work for adequate repeat preparation for
employment.
14
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
15. Objectives of Secondary Education
Specific objectives
1. To develop the ability to communicate .
2. To encourage the urge to inquire .
3. To gain personal satisfaction .
4. To develop an appreciation of problem-solving methods .
15
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
16. Objectives of Secondary Education
Specific objectives
5. To develop a sense of responsibility .
6. To develop a sense of personal identity and self worth.
7. To enable the individuals to be meaningful and productive
for the society .
16
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
17. Objectives of Secondary Education
Specific objectives
8. To provide experiences of arts and science appropriate to
community .
9. To develop an understanding of their nation , their culture,
history and way of life.
10. To cultivate a sound faith leading to the achievement of
pleasure of Allah almighty .
11. To understand social, moral and spiritual values and
strengthen them for the survival of Islamic Society. 17
By:Ch.M.Ashraf
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
NATURE, SIGNIFICANCE AND OBJECTIVES
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION