Nationalisation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Nationalisation
Limitations of Nationalisation
Macro-economic stabilisation and structural adjustment in India (1991)Antara Chakrabarty
These slides mainly give an insight into the major macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustments that were made in India during severe financial crisis of 1991. It discusses the situation sector-wise and provides with a detailed glossary of important terms towards the end of the slide-show.
The labour and capital of a country acting on its natural resources produce annually a certain net aggregate of commodities material and immaterial including services of all kinds- (Marshall)
Its about economics reforms that were introduced in 1991.
why such reforms were needed ?
what was situation at that time ?
what were the achievement and limitations of economic reforms ?
This ppt contains
Budget
Fiscal Imbalance
Deficit
Deficit Financing
Harshit Jalan
Adverse Effect of Deficit Financing
Need
Is deficit financing inflationary
Externalities are spill-over effects from production and consumption for which no appropriate compensation is paid
Externalities lie outside the initial market transaction / price
Externalities cause market failure if the price mechanism does not take account of the social costs and benefits of production and consumption
Privatisation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Privatisation
Limitations of Privatisation
Macro-economic stabilisation and structural adjustment in India (1991)Antara Chakrabarty
These slides mainly give an insight into the major macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustments that were made in India during severe financial crisis of 1991. It discusses the situation sector-wise and provides with a detailed glossary of important terms towards the end of the slide-show.
The labour and capital of a country acting on its natural resources produce annually a certain net aggregate of commodities material and immaterial including services of all kinds- (Marshall)
Its about economics reforms that were introduced in 1991.
why such reforms were needed ?
what was situation at that time ?
what were the achievement and limitations of economic reforms ?
This ppt contains
Budget
Fiscal Imbalance
Deficit
Deficit Financing
Harshit Jalan
Adverse Effect of Deficit Financing
Need
Is deficit financing inflationary
Externalities are spill-over effects from production and consumption for which no appropriate compensation is paid
Externalities lie outside the initial market transaction / price
Externalities cause market failure if the price mechanism does not take account of the social costs and benefits of production and consumption
Privatisation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Privatisation
Limitations of Privatisation
This presentation by OECD's financial markets expert Adrian Blundell-Wignall shows the highlights from the 2016 edition of the OECD Business and Finance Outlook. http://www.oecd.org/daf/oecd-business-and-finance-outlook-2016-9789264257573-en.htm
The funeral industry is specific due to the obvious fact of dealing with death and emotions. Survivors of the deceased usually do not have time or inclination to enter into a discriminating decision-making process. This results in the consumers exercising very little bargaining power.
It’s uncommon, as a funeral is likely to be the third most expensive item after a house and a car. The key difference between these purchases, defining the whole marketing and perhaps overall strategies of this industry, is emotionally caused lack of willingness to familiarize oneself with products, processes and services that are available. Decisions are made on familiarity and the first recognized funeral name is chosen to conduct the funeral.
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Please complete answers the questions below highlighted in red for.docxstilliegeorgiana
Please complete answers the questions below highlighted in red for the SWOT, PESTEL and PORTER analysis. The company is Canadian Solar. I need this completed by Wednesday, December 4 at 12:00 noon Washington DC in the United States.
Strengths
1.Canadian Solar Inc. was built on a very solid brand portfolio. This brand portfolio has given the Company a solid reputation in the marketplace to introduce and generate new solar products. (Shah, 2017). Consequently, a superb performance from marketing new products has gained the Company’s trust and loyalty among the customers. As a result, trust and loyalty are two of the Company’s most vital strengths.
What is about Canadian Solar product’s give them an advantage over those of their competitors?
2. Canadian Solar Inc. does not experience blockchain supply challenges. The value of adopting blockchain technology for the Company has the potential to connect different ledgers and data points while maintaining data integrity among multiple participants. (Marr, 2018). Accordingly, the properties of transparency and immutability of blockchain technology is useful for eliminating fraud in the supply chain and maintaining the integrity of the system. The Company’s supply chain is efficient, which reduces extra costs and dramatically increases revenue. Moreover, the Company’s blockchain process strengthens and guarantees secure transactions, relationships with other suppliers and other supply chain, partners.
How does this translate into an advantage over their competitors?
Weaknesses
3. Although Canadian Solar Inc. has a strong brand portfolio, the Company’s brand is not fully advertised. Despite having a large market, the Company needs to develop a more prominent strategy to promote more products.
Based on what? Are their competitors promoting their products more actively? Show examples.
4. The Company has a bad reputation associated with environmental conservation.
Provide example.
5. Canadian Solar Inc. also faces high attrition among workers in some parts of the organization. Additionally, this high attrition rate has enhanced spending compared to the Company’s competitors. (Nappinnai, 2013). As an effort to sustain their position in
society and the market, the Company should hire and retain qualified employees.
What is their rate relative to the rest of the industry?
6. Canadian Solar Inc. is experiencing a lack of cash flow, which has led to unnecessary borrowing. Purchasing property as oppose to renting, will help the Company with the cash flow issues and allow them additional funds to allocate towards the introduction of new products, technology and improved operations.
Example of how this situation is impacting them?
7. Compared to First Solar, JinkoSolar, SunPower, Canadian Solar Inc. has not invested in Research and Development (R&D) in over two years. Moreover, the organization still relies heavily on past research. Further, the Company is not growing at a ste ...
Competition Policy content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Competition Policy
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
Evaluation of Competition Policy
Policies to Correct Current Account ImbalancesHugo OGrady
Policies to Improve Current Account Imbalance content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Expenditure Reducing Policies
Expenditure Switching Policies
Supply Side Policies
Current Account Influences and Impacts content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Factors Influencing the Current Account
Impacts of Current Account Deficits
Causes and Impacts of Unemployment content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Causes of Unemployment
Costs of Unemployment
Causes and Impacts of Inflation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Causes of Inflation
Costs of Inflation
Why do we not want Zero Inflation?
Deflation
Impacts of Economic Growth content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Positive Impacts
Negative Impacts
Causes of Economic Growth content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Actual & Potential Economic Growth
Demand side Causes of Economic Growth
Supply side Causes of Economic Growth
Constraints on Economic Growth
Export-led Growth
Deregulation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Deregulation
Pros & Cons of Deregulation
Regulation content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Regulation
Price Capping: RPI-X & RPI+K
Profit Capping: Rate-of-Return
Performance Targets
Self-Regulation
Government Failure content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Government Failure
Causes of Government Failure
Buffer Stock Schemes content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Buffer Stock Schemes
Limitations of Buffer Stock Schemes
Maximum & Minimum prices content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Maximum Prices
Minimum Prices
Pros & Cons of Maximum & Minimum Prices
Limitations of Maximum & Minimum Prices
Alternatives to Maximum & Minimum Prices
Volatile Commodity Markets content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Volatile Commodity Markets
Impacts of Market Volatility
Information Provision content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Information Provision
Pros and Cons of Information Provision
State Provision content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro and Analysis of State Provision
Pros and Cons of State Provision
Information Gaps content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Information Gaps
Information Gaps & Merit goods
Information Gaps & Demerit goods
Adverse Selection: Akerlof's Market for Lemons
Moral Hazard & the Principal-Agent Problem
Public Goods content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Public Goods
Under-Provision of Public Goods (Marginal Analysis)
Under-Provision of Public Goods (No Marginal Analysis)
Regulation to Correct Market Failure content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro and Analysis of Regulation
Pros and Cons of Regulation
Tradable Pollution Permits content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro and Analysis of Tradable Pollution Permits
Pros and Cons of Tradable Pollution Permits
Subsidies to Correct Market Failure content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Recap and Analysis of Subsidies
Pros and Cons of Subsidies
Externalities content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics
Intro to Externalities
Marginal Analysis
Consumption Externalities
Production Externalities
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
3. Nationalisation
Nationalisation: The transfer of a major branch of industry or commerce from
private to state ownership or control.
Aim of Nationalisation: To remove firms’ market power to exploit consumers by:
1. Removing shareholders and their profit motive
2. Taking control of and subsidising natural monopolies
Notable examples: RBS, Student Loan Company, Network Rail
Advantages of Nationalisation:
Allocative Efficiency: Ensures a price which
optimises welfare
Especially for natural monopolies, as they have low
incentive to fight x-inefficiency as they are not threatened
Positive externalities: Gov can ensure that social
optimal quantities are produced
Reduced Moral Hazard: Less incentive for a state
owned firm to take big risks
Particularly true after the Great Financial Crisis Quantity
C/R
AR
MR
MC
AC
QPrivate
pPrivate
pState
QState
4. Disadvantages of Nationalisation
X-inefficiency: State owned firms don’t care about their profitability
May let their costs rise as X-inefficiency creeps in
Government spending: Expensive for the government to purchase an existing business,
particularly one which is a large monopoly!
Furthermore, in order to reach P=MC and maximise welfare, the government may have to cover the firm’s
subnormal profits if it is a natural monopoly
However: the government can limit the expense of nationalising industries with a forced acquisition at a
low price (or even no price), but this unleashes a whole world of other issues
Variety: In attempting to provide a good for as wide a section of the population as possible,
the level of quality or variety in the products offered may fall, leaving some consumers
disappointed
Innovation: As nationalised firms do not seek to generate SNP, they may not be able to fund
their own R&D.
This can limit future welfare gains
However: the government may decide to give the nationalised firm additional funding to pursue
innovations that are good for society’s welfare
6. Limitations of Nationalisation
Needs public support
Governments look to ensure that their policies are popular so as to maintain power
If the government believes that the public, rightly or wrongly, disproves of nationalising a
firm or industry, then they are unlikely to go ahead with the acquisition
Need to ensure nationalisation doesn’t just enrich a few rich insiders
Assets should be acquired at a competitive price
Otherwise the government may over-pay for the firm
There will be an opportunity cost to this spending, and welfare may not be maximised
Effectiveness depends upon current efficiency level
If the business was highly allocatively efficient when owned privately, maybe as it was in a
contestable market, there will be limited welfare gains to be made nationalising the firm
Effectiveness depends upon nature of the business
If the private enterprise had already faced competition when part of the private sector,
transfer of ownership merely replaces a privately owned competitive firm with a publicly
owned firm, require government financial support.
7. Where next?
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