The document summarizes nanotechnology, providing a brief history and discussing its manufacturing, benefits, relationship to life sciences, social implications, risks, and future. Specifically, it notes that nanotechnology allows control at the nanoscale and has potential benefits across many fields like materials, medicine, electronics, and more. It also discusses public perception and investment in nanotechnology research worldwide.
Nanotechnology and Its Applications which are related to the field of engineering and mainly bio-nanotechnology, electronics and green nanotechnology in India.
this is the ppt on nano technology.
made by harshid panchal and dhrumil patel.
this take lots of time..thanx for dhrumil for time.
i think this is helpful to all.
education
Nanotechnology is the scientific ability to control and restructure the matter at the atomic and molecular levels within the nanoscale. It is a modern branch of materials science dealing with the understanding of the role of nanomaterials(NM) in real-world applications. It is the creation and/or manipulation of various materials at nanometer (nm) scale, analysing their structural characteristics & properties for novel applications, attracting, producing and exploiting the nanoparticles in different dimensions and increase the utilisation potential of nano structured materials (NSM)in various fields.
Nanotechnology and Its Applications which are related to the field of engineering and mainly bio-nanotechnology, electronics and green nanotechnology in India.
this is the ppt on nano technology.
made by harshid panchal and dhrumil patel.
this take lots of time..thanx for dhrumil for time.
i think this is helpful to all.
education
Nanotechnology is the scientific ability to control and restructure the matter at the atomic and molecular levels within the nanoscale. It is a modern branch of materials science dealing with the understanding of the role of nanomaterials(NM) in real-world applications. It is the creation and/or manipulation of various materials at nanometer (nm) scale, analysing their structural characteristics & properties for novel applications, attracting, producing and exploiting the nanoparticles in different dimensions and increase the utilisation potential of nano structured materials (NSM)in various fields.
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size.
IT CONSISTS OF :
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS
WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
Nanotechnology: Basic introduction to the nanotechnology.Sathya Sujani
This simple presentation will help you to understand the every aspects of nanotechnology including basic definition and it's practical application in a very simple yet precise manner.
An introduction to nano-science and nanotechnology, now in English !!
I am sorry about mistakes like "Fisics" instead of "Physics" and "alone atoms" where should be "sinlge atoms".
=)
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size.
IT CONSISTS OF :
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS
WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
Nanotechnology: Basic introduction to the nanotechnology.Sathya Sujani
This simple presentation will help you to understand the every aspects of nanotechnology including basic definition and it's practical application in a very simple yet precise manner.
An introduction to nano-science and nanotechnology, now in English !!
I am sorry about mistakes like "Fisics" instead of "Physics" and "alone atoms" where should be "sinlge atoms".
=)
History.
Definition.
Techniques of nanotechnology.
Application in nanotechnology.(Nanomedicine,)
(Nanoelectronics,Nanoagriculture,Nanospace and many others)
Advantages of nanotechnology.
Disadvantages of nanotechnology.
Conclusion.
Nanotechnology: Shaping the world atom by atomIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
For many decades, nanotechnology has been developed with cooperation from researchers in several fields of studies including physics, chemistry, biology, material science, engineering, and computer science. Nanotechnology is engineering at the molecular (groups of atoms) level. It is the collective term for a range of technologies, techniques and processes that involve the manipulation of matter at the smallest scale (from 1 to 100 nm2).The nanotechnology provides better future for human life in various fields. In future nanotechnology provides economy, ecofriendly and efficient technology which removes all difficult predicaments which is faced by us in today life scenario. Nanotechnology is the technology of preference to make things small, light and cheap, nanotechnology based manufacturing is a method conceived for processing and rearranging of atoms to fabricate custom products.
The nanotechnology applications have three different categories nanosystems, nanomaterials and nanoelectronics. The impact of the nanotechnology occurred on computing and data storage, materials and manufacturing, health and medicine, energy and environment, transportation, national security and space exploration. There are many applications of nanotechnology which are exciting in our life such as nanopowder, nanotubes, membrane filter, quantum computers etc.
But there are several problems which are occurred with the exploration of the nanotechnology such as the wastes released while making the materials for nanotechnology are released into the atmosphere and can even penetrate human and animal cells and effect their performance, agricultural countries will lose their income as nanotechnology will take over, if any damage is done at the molecular level then it is not possible to revert it.
With this presentation developed within the NANOYOU project you will discover some of the secrets of the nanoscale and will learn about the applications of nanotechnologies.
For more resources on nanotechnologies you can visit: www.nanoyou.eu
Translations to several languages are also availabe in the NANOYOU website.
it gives the overview of nanotechnology and how it emerges as a general purpose technology.it also makes you aware about promises of nanotechnology and about its history too.
Nano-biotechnology is a promising field of interdisciplinary research. It is a novel scientific approach that involves the use of materials and equipment capable of manipulating physical as well as chemical properties of a substance at molecular levels. Nanoparticles present an extremely gorgeous platform for a diverse range of biological applications. It opens up a wide array of opportunities in various fields like medicine, pharmaceuticals, electronics and agriculture. Nanotechnology is ubiquitous and pervasive. It is an emerging field in all areas of science, engineering and technology. The marriage between nanotechnology and biotechnology yields a new class of nanostructured hybrid patterns that will be very efficient and useful as environmental adsorbents, absorbent materials and adhesion materials in environment.
This are can endeavour to provide and fundamentally streamline the technologies currently used in environmental detection, sensing and remediation. Rapid testing technologies and biosensors related to the control of pests and cross contamination of agriculture and food products will lead to applications of nanotechnology in the near future. These include agricultural productivity enhancement involving nanoporous zeolites for slow release and efficient dosage of water and fertilizer, nanocapsules for herbicide delivery and vector and pest management and nanosensors for pest detection. Most investment is made primarily in developed countries; research advancements provide glimpses of potential applications in agriculture. This overview is concentrated on modern strategies used for the management of water, pesticides, limitations in the use of chemical pesticides and potential of nano-materials in sustainable agriculture management as modern approaches of nano-biotechnology.
The outlook of nano-bioscience in agriculture is vague owing to a lot of grounds, for example, the unconstructive response from people towards genetically modified (GM) crops, need of a lot of required cleverness in government agricultural research and technology units for nano type of explorations and poorly-equipped new instruments and new-fangled technologies. Welcome to Nano World.
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2009
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Nanotechnology
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Ibrahim-your Name
University Name
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8/25/2009
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Table of Contents
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Nanotechnology ......................................................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 3
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Brief background of Nanotechnology .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
More History about Nanotechnology chronologically: .......................................................... 4
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Manufacturing of Nano-Products ........................................................................................... 6
The Potential Benefits of Nanotechnology ............................................................................ 7
Relation of the Nano-Technology with the life sciences: ...................................................... 7
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The perception about the Nano-Technology in the world...................................................... 9
The Social Implications of Nanotechnology .......................................................................... 9
Future of the Nano-Technology ........................................................................................... 10
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Risks Associated with Nano-Technology ............................................................................ 12
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 13
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References ................................................................................................................................ 14
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Nanotechnology
INTRODUCTION
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A lot of universities and centers, governments research centers and many other institutes
dealing with nano-tachnology offer different definition for the nanotechnology. As the
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definition we can say that:
“Nanotechnology is basically the control and understanding of the meter at the smallest
level of about 1 to 100 nanometers, where, where this unique technology enhances novel
applications.”
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The technology of nano is that which is differentiated first and foremost on the basis of the
scale on which it acts; the nanotechnology can be up to one billionth of a meter or the one-ten
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thousandth of the thickness of a human hair. Individual atoms or molecules are fundamental
activities that are engaged in nano scale. Consequently, nanotechnology is said to be
simulated exploitation of atomic or molecular matter or processes. Simply, Now a days
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nanotechnology is being manufactured at a very small scale like we cans say that at the level
of atomic or molecular scale.
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Figure 1: Nanoparticles Atoms
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Photosynthesis and formation of energy in the body of a human being are the important
activities that are occurring naturally around us and also as the perfect examples of the
nanoscale. To re-establish the nanoscale processes in organic and non-organic field is now
having become possible for the scientists to make this a reality all over the world.
Capabilities of working on such an unbelievably small scale, opportunities are available in
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extensive range of industries remarkably mechanization, physical condition and ecological
administration.
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Nanotechnology is also regarded as a feature of all methodical disciplines such as physics,
chemistry, environmental science, material science, manufacturing-moderately than another
field of science. Nanotechnology has developed such an importance that is provides
assistance to all industries except being an industry itself.
More History about Nanotechnology:
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The background of nanotechnology is full of mysteries & cynicism. Some people were
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determined on this statement that this is fresh form of scientific development & it would not
flourish until the arrival of 1990s.
Some other verified that the history of nanotechnology can be map out back in early 1959.
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Moreover, as scientific expansion goes wider, nanotechnology is still spanking new arena of
scientific research.
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Still other developers believe that human has engaged realistic nanotechnological methods
for thousands of years, possibly even longer.
Nanotechnology is the maturity of evolution, as most of people situate it, and growth has
included the vulcanization of rubber. These progresses count in the record of nanotechnology
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according to many recognized scientific experts.
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Figure 2: Nanophotography
Possibly it might be more secure to admit that the fundamentals of history of nanotechnology
have been applied for thousands of years or longer but we as a scientific society did not place
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a name to it until somewhere in 1960s.
In order to exactly manuscript the history of nanotechnology, one could disagree that it
started when we developed the aptitude to resolve particle size, which is designate to be
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around the turn of 20th century.
It was during this occasion that particle size became an invariable factor in scientific
discovery. These dimensions were witness at smaller than 10nm, which in lay terms interpret
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roughly into less microscopic.
The nanometre came on vista earlier than the start of the 1960s. The nanometre for a
numerous, is the commencement of history of nanotechnology. Nevertheless, once it could be
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gauged, it would be deemed as an acceptable structure of reference. True? Yes it is almost.
The mid nineteen’s generate the talent to identify the particles via the use of an ultra
microscope that could notice particles as small as 1/1 millionth of a millimetre. This is a
particle smaller than most general public cannot visualize perfectly. So, there are up till now
even more detractor that describes the history of nanotechnology actually began in the mid 19
teens when the familiar case comes to pass.
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Certainly, the phrase itself comes with the olden times. The word allocate to this type of
scientific progression known to have originate from a paper that was released in 1974 written
from the Tokyo Science University. There, a student invents the term “nanotechnology” in
his paper and the name fixed firmly from then on. This is one region of this science’s time
past that is not willingly argued, or argument able.
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At some stage in this time, nanotechnology truly boomed and as early as 1974 there were so
many cracks that guided scientist to carry on this science with passion. Discoveries, such as
the famous Finns’ process of atomic layering assist to put nanotechnology on the map whilst
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it added up to being recognized by the rest of scientific community.
The proposal that one could in fact in some logic “touch” atoms and molecules, transpired in
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the 1980s, when well known nanotechnological scientists sponsored the theory proposed by
Dr. K. Eric Drexler, who was conscientious for the eventual ability to manipulate atom and
molecules.
This was quite divisive at the time as the maltreatment of molecules and atoms were feared,
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should the any scientist with fatal purpose get their hands on the procedure. The fright was
well founded, as molecular planning would have definitely been a way to disrupt just about
anything, including humane formation of the ordinary world.
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The 1980s and the early 1990s saw a noteworthy boost in the reputation of nanotechnology.
This is the science that can shape out how to strengthen our lives with nothing more than
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molecules and atoms. This is the science where innovations are always turning out and being
analysed. It won’t be so long before we look to nano, scientist’s effort to fix some of the
worlds chubby social difficulties with the execution of technology & progress.
Manufacturing of Nano-Products
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Nanotechnology is considered to be advance trough two points of views. The first one is the
building up substance and particles through the merging of atomic elements. The second way
is the use of the equipments and utensils to make mechanical and small nano scale objects.
The concept of development techniques have been basic thing when we need trade of the
micro-particles.
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Figure 3: An artist's take on the "scary wonder" of nanotechnology.
Nanotechnology allows the development of the hope to the progress regarding individual
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components like atoms and molecules. For example it helps to put up particular, to make
intricate formation and help them to join the structures with the help of other elements so that
it can produce new apparatus of incredible power. If we have a deeper look over the
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molecular formation of any entity or any part of that entity we will see that it has the basis of
the nanotechnology and the laws of physics in the assembling of that product.
The manufacturing is nano products require a latest high level of resource competency. Every
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ingredient in the manufacturing should be used and there should be little amount that is left
behind as the wastage. Because there are a lot of issues, concerning about the wastage and the
cost associated with the raw material used and wasted. On the basis of this one should be so
much competent to use the well defined resources so that it would not be so much expensive
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or you have to bear a wastage disposal cost.
The Potential Benefits of Nanotechnology
There are a number of fields in which nanotechnology now a days involving and having its
potential benefits regarding these fields. According to the different researches, the
nanotechnology is involved in the manufacturing of new materials, new medical,
pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental processes and procedures, new electronic
devices, new sensors, and new computer technologies. Now a day there is a huge
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advancement is looking the fields of the mobiles where a numerous number of advancements
are coming regarding nanotechnology. Small phones with much more functions are also an
application to the nanotechnology. Similarly it has increase the number of ways in which it
has capacity to utilize the atomic and molecular possessions of materials to make the
diversified new methods and meanings of the producing current products. Due to this
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technology we are able to have overlooked on it more precisely this far-reaching
nanotechnology that is now making it one of the most successful and innovative areas of
science, and one that has the most commercialization about its products and the concept.
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People now like it due to its convenience, accessibility and attractive smaller designs.
The Nanotechnology has an ability to transform the current trends of the manufacturing of the
products in such a way that is almost impossible to imagine. Nanotechnology is already being
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used in our everyday items like sunscreen to needles. And it has also wide application in the
field of architecture that has been appreciated a lot. In the near future, it will take us to use
the building resources like coating, bricks and other essentials things to be developed in such
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a way that it will not remain too much complicated. Although by these means and ways, these
initiatives in the nanotechnology industry can change the future of the human being and it can
be very helpful for us to use these materials very easily and efficiently. Similarly the
development of the carbon nanotubes and other materials related to the building is going to
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change the building design and performance relative to previous concepts and areas. The
development of nanotechnology is offering new combinations of the strength, durability and
toughness that is helpful for the solution to our problems. For example the bio-mimetic
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materials that are based on the structures and compounds present in the nature. And has the
ability to adjust their interfaces, shape memory, self repairing and to handle strain materials.
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Relation of the Nano-Technology with the life sciences:
As the nanotechnology has the concern regarding about the life sciences, we can find many
implications of nanotechnology regarding life sciences. For example, when we are operating
at the nano-scale, the division between the various scientific orders start diminishing. When
we are talking about the biological responses, it leads us to all connect combinations of
atoms, molecules and microscopic particles that are rule by the chemical and physical
procedures.
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Similarly Nanotechnology also offers new basis for development and the innovative ideas
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regarding the life sciences. For instance, a lot of research is done regarding the emerging
sciences of biotechnology, genomics, proteomics that defines how proteins work in the
human body, stem cell research. As well as the deep-rooted fields of agriculture, ecological
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management, clinical medicine and health check device manufacturing also has considerable
role of the nanotechnology in their development. All of these are main focusing and point
able extensive researches for the illustration of the link between life sciences and
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nanotechnology.
The perception about the Nano-Technology in the world
Nanotechnology functions have a certain quality in this age. It has become as a reality.
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Different car producers in the word are using nanotubes to make possible the maximum
safety of fuel-lines in vehicles for last ten years and the electronics industry also relies much
more on nanotubes to make it for attractive outlook. Similarly it assists it in the control of the
exclusion of any electrical charges before the time that they can become problematic to the
stakeholders. Japan, Korea, Taiwan, European countries and USA have also played
significant roles in the development of nanotechnology capabilities and this is the reason why
that this technology has become world-wide attention.
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It is estimated that about US$2 billions are being spent yearly for the purpose of the
development and the growth of the nanotechnology worldwide. Among this entire budget
about 40% of this is being used in the USA. The biggest contributor to this cause is the Japan.
After that the major contribution is considered for the European Governments and the other
major industrial economies like China, Singapore, and Taiwan.
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The Social Implications of Nanotechnology
Whenever we are getting a required growth in a technology then it also need to be the
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recognition of that technology as an emerging thought and concept in the minds of human
and society. And as the concern of the nanotechnology, it is focusing more on this area. It is
developing nanotechnology as a social need and requirement. Along with its numerous ideas,
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the nanotechnology is spreading its concept as the pure science as compare to the concept
that it is unattainable fiction science. But nanotechnology has proved itself a pure science. It
reason because mysteries are drive out and ideas are tested and verified practicable. And
there is also one reason that it is human nature that he coverts the hand knowledge into the
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implementable knowledge and technology and that is what the human has done for the
nanotechnology. It is further being assumed and a lot of research is being done on it to open
the closed horizons behind this mystery.
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As nanotechnology has silent promises with us for the new technologies and development, it
has boosted up the open discussion of fears, failures and successes, researches studies, study
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conclusions and curiosity about the new knowledge in the societies. Due to these reasons
most of the chief national nanotechnology organizations are now together with conversation
of the public, feedback and ethical issues that are relating to the nanotechnologies.
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Future of the Nano-Technology
The new emerging technology in the world is easy to predict. Due to these technologies the
most common used things, the computers are becoming quicker, materials has become
stronger, and the medicine are being introduced for incurable diseases. Nanotechnology is
performing its vital role in the huge part of this future. It is facilitating immense
improvements in the technologies described above. This technology has reduced the sizes of
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the things that were difficult to carry but now you can easily carry with yourself. According
to the one research due to its greater importance and contribution by 2015, products
incorporating nanotech will be assigned approximately $1 trillion for their production and
development. It will also provide job opportunity to many people. Accroding to the
estimation about two million workforces will be employed in nanotech business and about six
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million will be working in the supporting jobs.
Over the next pair of decades, nanotech will develop through four overlapping stages of
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industrial prototyping and near the beginning commercialization. The first one, which
commenced after 2000, involves the growth of passive nanostructures: materials with stable
constructions and functions frequently used as parts of an artefact. These can be as diffident
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as the particles of zinc oxide in sunscreens, but they can also be supported fibres in new
complex or carbon nanotube wires in ultraminiaturize electronics.
The next stage, which began in 2005, spotlights on lively nanostructures that are helpful in
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the modification of their size, conductivity, figure or other related properties within the
period of manufacturing.
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Figure 5: Future Nano-Car
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Starting around 2010, workforce will develop expertise with organisms of nanostructures,
directing huge numbers of complex components to specified ends. One function could engage
the guided self-assembly of nanoelectronic mechanism into three-dimensional circuits and
whole devices. Medicine could use such systems to develop the tissue compatibility of
implants, or to produce gallows for tissue regeneration, or possibly even to build fake organs.
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After 2015-2020, the field will spread out to take in molecular nanosystems and
heterogeneous networks that have molecules and super molecular separate devices
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arrangements. The proteins within the cells work jointly this way, but while biological
systems are water-based and noticeably temperature-sensitive, these molecular nanosystems
will be able to function in a far wider range of atmospheres and should be much quicker.
Computers and robots could be condensed to astonishingly small sizes. Medical submissions
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might be as motivated as new types of genetic therapies and anti aging cure. New boundary
linking people straightforwardly to electronics could alter telecommunications.
In the UK many schools and universities are searching about the changes made by this
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technology to this world. It is going bigger and bigger. Due to this enlargement, this makes
the people to think about this to have a solution about this problem. If we go before 50 years
ago such an expansion was considered as the success, but in this age is has been considereing
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as the question mark. So according to increasing populations, needs and living areas such an
enlargement is not acceptable.
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Risks Associated with Nano-Technology
The biggest fear of nanotechnology that the people bear is greater than these concrete social,
environmental and economic factors. This fear concerns about the question of the proper
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affiliation between man and nature. Many questions have been arising due to this technology.
It has been conflicting with religion and sometimes cultures. Some of the questions like is it
legal to attain some molecules from human body and then make another person of the same
shape or identity. It is question regarding cloning. Similarly questions like replacement of the
living parts of the body with man-made object are raised. Because this is the way we are
blurring the line between man and machine. And it is no more acceptable by many human
beings. These fears are the major consideration that are the environmentalists, socialist and
the religious people are arising about it. it is Obvious that is the greatest fear to loss of control
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over a technology that can be dangerous in our next ages. These are the major concern that is
being taken about the questions raised about the bad impacts of the nanotechnology.
Conclusion
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Nanotechnology gives us an ability to build large numbers of products that are incredibly
powerful by today's standards and easy to carry and handle as compare to the previous ages
machines. For example we can have comparison of pocket pc’s and the frame computers in
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last ages. This technology creates both opportunity and risk. In this paper we are discussing
different aspects of the nanotachnolgy with our life styles, its history and what would be the
future of this technology. There are also considered many risk along with the opportunities
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discussed above. We have to work more to enhance these opportunities while decreasing the
threats of risks associated with this technology.
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References
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Daniel Ratner, (2002), Nanotechnology: a gentle introduction to the next big idea,
Volume 174,
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http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=m9Tn_V4an28C&printsec=frontcover&dq=nanotechn
ology#v=onepage&q=&f=false, Accessed at 23/08/2009.
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Rebecca L. Johnson, (2005), Nanotechnology,
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=HcQ6MedM09gC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nanotech
nology#v=onepage&q=&f=false, Accessed at 23/08/2009
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Nanowerk Spotlight, (Feb, 2009), Cutting edge nanotechnology,
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=9315.php, Accessed at 24/08/2009.
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Nanotechnology, http://www.zyvex.com/nano/, Accessed at 24/08/2009.
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