This document discusses carbon nanotubes and boron nanotubes. It provides details on their production methods, properties such as strength and electrical conductivity, applications, and potential health hazards. Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon that exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties. They can be produced through arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Boron nanotubes are anticipated to exist based on their similarity to carbon nanotubes, but have not been fully characterized. The document outlines some of their potential sorption properties.
Fabrication and characterization of nickelijoejournal
This paper shows that nickel nanowires of length 11μm and diameters 800 and 15nm were grown within
the pores of nuclear track polycarbonate membrane by electrodepositing nickel. Surface morphology and
crystallographic structure of the deposited nanowires was investigated using SEM, TEM and XRD
respectively. It is found that low current density gives good result, while high current density leads to the
formation of curled nanowires. Fabricated nanowires were further investigated for electrical properties
and found that nanowires obey ohm’s law. Through structural characterization it has been observed that
the fabricated nanowires posses FCC lattice structure.
Done By: Arwa_Black7
School Name: Arwa Bint Abdul Motaleb Secondary Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Module:
The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
Our project idea is about using of basil pigment in lighting tents in the desert using Dye-sensitized solar cell.
Fabrication and characterization of nickelijoejournal
This paper shows that nickel nanowires of length 11μm and diameters 800 and 15nm were grown within
the pores of nuclear track polycarbonate membrane by electrodepositing nickel. Surface morphology and
crystallographic structure of the deposited nanowires was investigated using SEM, TEM and XRD
respectively. It is found that low current density gives good result, while high current density leads to the
formation of curled nanowires. Fabricated nanowires were further investigated for electrical properties
and found that nanowires obey ohm’s law. Through structural characterization it has been observed that
the fabricated nanowires posses FCC lattice structure.
Done By: Arwa_Black7
School Name: Arwa Bint Abdul Motaleb Secondary Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Module:
The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
Our project idea is about using of basil pigment in lighting tents in the desert using Dye-sensitized solar cell.
This is a seminar presentation about diamond chip. In single definition, Diamond Chip or carbon Chip is an electronic chip manufactured on a Diamond structural Carbon wafer or it can be also defined as the electronic component manufactured using carbon as the wafer.
This presentation includes:
1. Brief introduction to Diamond Chip
2. About Carbon Nanotube
3. Advantages and disadvantages of Diamonf Chip
4. Conclution
Done by Group: ABW-Pearls7
School: Amna Bint Wahb Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
ABW-Pearls7 used Henna to form silver Nano-particles to be used as a dye in DSSC with reference to a research paper in 2013. The results we gained were better than this paper. The application idea is D-SOBATT which is a battery charged with the solar energy through DSSC.
A Dye-sensitized solar cell is third generation low cost solar cell compared to silicon solar cell, has received widespread attention in recent years. Several researches are going on to improve their energy-conversion efficiency as the solar energy is one of the renewable energy based on modern technologies, which are suitable for the sustainability.
Bathochromic shift in photo-absorption spectra of organic dye sensitizers thr...Narges Mohamadi
Contributed Talks at Australian Institute of Physics 20th National Congress (under the theme of Energy, Energy Materials and Energy Systems), December 2012, Sydney
This is a seminar presentation about diamond chip. In single definition, Diamond Chip or carbon Chip is an electronic chip manufactured on a Diamond structural Carbon wafer or it can be also defined as the electronic component manufactured using carbon as the wafer.
This presentation includes:
1. Brief introduction to Diamond Chip
2. About Carbon Nanotube
3. Advantages and disadvantages of Diamonf Chip
4. Conclution
Done by Group: ABW-Pearls7
School: Amna Bint Wahb Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
ABW-Pearls7 used Henna to form silver Nano-particles to be used as a dye in DSSC with reference to a research paper in 2013. The results we gained were better than this paper. The application idea is D-SOBATT which is a battery charged with the solar energy through DSSC.
A Dye-sensitized solar cell is third generation low cost solar cell compared to silicon solar cell, has received widespread attention in recent years. Several researches are going on to improve their energy-conversion efficiency as the solar energy is one of the renewable energy based on modern technologies, which are suitable for the sustainability.
Bathochromic shift in photo-absorption spectra of organic dye sensitizers thr...Narges Mohamadi
Contributed Talks at Australian Institute of Physics 20th National Congress (under the theme of Energy, Energy Materials and Energy Systems), December 2012, Sydney
Social Media & Metrics (Digital Marketing Today)Julian Gamboa
In Digital Marketing Today, we strive to make students learn the basics of what will be expected of them in a digital marketing internship. Here, we covered the diverse social media platforms available for companies as well as how to measure growth for periods of time.
1. Space, Time, Power: Evolving Concerns for Parallel Algorithms February 2008
2. Real and Abstract Parallel Systems • Space: where are the processors located? • Time: how does location affect the time of algorithms? • Power: what happens when power is a constraint?
3. Some Real Systems: IBM BlueGene/L 212,992 CPUs 478 Tflops #1 supercomputer since 11/04 At Lawrence Livermore Nat’l Lab ≈ $200 Million 3-d toroidal interconnect Max distance (# proc)1/3
4. Another Real System: ZebraNet PI M M a r t o n o s i
5. Location, Location, Location • Processors may only be able to communicate with nearby processors • or, time to communicate is a function of distance • or, many processors trying to communicate to ones far away can create communication bottleneck • Feasible, efficient programs need to take location into account
6. What if Space is actually Computers? Cellular Automata • Finite automata, next state depends on current state and neighbors’ states: location matters! • ≈ 1950 von Neumann used as a model of parallelism and interaction in space • Other research: Burks & al. at UM, Conway, Wolfram,… • Can model leaf growth, traffic flow, etc.
7. Parallel Algorithms: Time Maze of black/white pixels, one per processor in CA. Can I get out? Nature-like propagation algorithm: time linear in area Beyer, Levialdi ≈ 1970: time linear in edgelength. CA as parallel computer, not just nature simulator
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon. These cylindrical carbon molecules have interesting properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science, as well as potential uses in architectural fields. They exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and are efficient conductors of heat. Their final usage, however, may be limited by their potential toxicity.
Promising SriLankan minerals for Nano-technologyHome
Nano-technology is enhancing the supply of day today unlimited needs and wants. Using nano technology and available resources within the country many things can be done for the future development. In this draft, its only mentioning main minerals and nano-technological practices.
Know basic things about carbon nanotubes
*Allotropes of carbon (pg.4)
*Graphene(pg.5)
*Orientations of CNT's (pg.6)
*Types of Nanotubes (pg.7)
*Properties of Nanotubes (pg.9-10)
*Applications of Nanotubes (pg.11-13)
A NOVEL PRECURSOR IN PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKEL OXIDE (NIO) A...antjjournal
Synthesis of Nickel Oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and cobalt oxide (CO3O4) materials synthesis by aqueous chemical growth (ACG) Techniques. Oxide based material having a wide band gap, and suitable for optical devices,Optoelectronic devices, UV photodetector, and Light emitting diode LEDs. The analysis
and characterizationof Nickel Oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (CO3O4) nanoparticles by(1) X-ray diffraction (XRD), (2) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and (3) Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy.
A photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in several industrial processes, such as photolithography and photoengraving, to form a patterned coating on a surface.
Slide 1
Frequency Modulation (FM)
Slide 2
FM Signal Definition (cont.)
Slide 3
Discrete-Time FM Modulator
Slide 4
Single Tone FM Modulation
Slide 5
Single Tone FM (cont.)
Slide 6
Narrow Band FM
Slide 7
Bandwidth of an FM Signal
Slide 8
Demod. by a Frequency Discriminator
Slide 9
FM Discriminator (cont.)
Slide 10
Discriminator Using Pre-Envelope
Slide 11
Discriminator Using Pre-Envelope (cont.)
Slide 12
Discriminator Using Complex Envelope
Slide 13 Phase-Locked Loop Demodulator
Slide 14
PLL Analysis
Slide 15
PLL Analysis (cont. 1)
Slide 16
PLL Analysis (cont. 2)
Slide 17
Linearized Model for PLL
Slide 18
Proof PLL is a Demod for FM
Slide 19
Comments on PLL Performance
Slide 20
FM PLL vs. Costas Loop Bandwidth
Slide 21
Laboratory Experiments for FM
Slide 21
Experiment 8.1 Spectrum of an FM
Signal
Slide 22
Experiment 8.1 FM Spectrum (cont. 1)
Slide 23
Experiment 8.1 FM Spectrum (cont. 1)
Slide 24
Experiment 8.1 FM Spectrum (cont. 3)
Slide 24
Experiment 8.2 Demodulation by a Discriminator
Slide 25
Experiment 8.2 Discriminator (cont. 1)
Slide 26
Experiment 8.2 Discriminator (cont. 2)
Slide 27
Experiment 8.3 Demodulation by a PLL
Slide 28
Experiment 8.3 PLL (cont.)
The goal of this project for the course COEN 6511 is to design a 4-bit comparator, aiming to master the techniques of ASIC design.
The details of designing a 4-bit comparator are given in this report. It involves the methodology, circuit implementation, schematic simulation, layout and packaging.
We start from logic gate level, go up to the circuit level and then draw the layout in the environment of CMOSIS5 in which the minimum drawing layout size is 0.6μ. Finally we extract the layout as a symbol in the schematic for re-simulation to obtain the results of the performance measure. In designing, propagation delay, Area (A) and power are considered. All parameters of circuit are decided and the circuit plot and waveform are produced, and we would test and verify every part of the CMOS circuit developed by Cadence development tools . The test results from simulation can meet the requirement. It means that the logic design, schematic and layout are correct, and our project can satisfy the requirements.
Photo resistor devices its working and applications.Soudip Sinha Roy
Here you will get every details about photo resistor device and its applications. How it makes in factory. And the important thing is The Light-Controlled Switch Using a Transistor.
Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to create the integrated circuits that are present in everyday electrical and electronic devices. It is a multiple-step sequence of photo lithographic and chemical processing steps during which electronic circuits are gradually created on a wafer made of pure semiconducting material. Silicon is almost always used, but various compound semiconductors are used for specialized applications.
A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor that is capable of very fast operation, well into the microwave frequency region, made possible by the use of the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling.
It was invented in August 1957 by Leo Esaki when he was with Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, now known as Sony. In 1973 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Brian Josephson, for discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes. Robert Noyce independently came up with the idea of a tunnel diode while working for William Shockley, but was discouraged from pursuing it.[1]
These diodes have a heavily doped p–n junction only some 10 nm (100 Å) wide. The heavy doping results in a broken bandgap, where conduction band electron states on the n-side are more or less aligned with valence band hole states on the p-side
Tunnel diodes were first manufactured by Sony in 1957[2] followed by General Electric and other companies from about 1960, and are still made in low volume today.[3] Tunnel diodes are usually made from germanium, but can also be made from gallium arsenide and silicon materials. They are used in frequency converters and detectors.[4] They have negative differential resistance in part of their operating range, and therefore are also used as oscillators, amplifiers, and in switching circuits using hysteresis.
Figure 6: 8–12 GHz tunnel diode amplifier, circa 1970
In 1977, the Intelsat V satellite receiver used a microstrip tunnel diode amplifier (TDA) front-end in the 14 to 15.5 GHz band. Such amplifiers were considered state-of-the-art, with better performance at high frequencies than any transistor-based front end.[5]
The highest frequency room-temperature solid-state oscillators are based on the resonant-tunneling diode (RTD).[6]
There is another type of tunnel diode called a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) diode, but present application appears restricted to research environments due to inherent sensitivities.[7] There is also a metal–insulator–insulator–metal MIIM diode which has an additional insulator layer. The additional insulator layer allows "step tunneling" for precise diode control.[8]
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary concept that connects everyday objects and devices to the internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data. Imagine a world where your refrigerator notifies you when you’re running low on groceries, or streetlights adjust their brightness based on traffic patterns – that’s the power of IoT. In essence, IoT transforms ordinary objects into smart, interconnected devices, creating a network of endless possibilities.
Here is a blog on the role of electrical and electronics engineers in IOT. Let's dig in!!!!
For more such content visit: https://nttftrg.com/
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
4. WHAT ARE CARBON
NANOTUBES.•CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTS) ARE
ALLOTROPES OF CARBON. THESE
CYLINDRICAL CARBON MOLECULES HAVE
INTERESTING PROPERTIES THAT MAKE
THEM POTENTIALLY USEFUL IN MANY
APPLICATIONS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY,
ELECTRONICS, OPTICS AND OTHER FIELDS
OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, AS WELL AS
POTENTIAL USES IN ARCHITECTURAL FIELDS.
THEY EXHIBIT EXTRAORDINARY STRENGTH
AND UNIQUE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES, AND
ARE EFFICIENT CONDUCTORS OF HEAT.
THEIR FINAL USAGE, HOWEVER, MAY BE
LIMITED BY THEIR POTENTIAL TOXICITY.
5. HOW CNTS ARE MADE
• ARC DISCHARGE
• CNTS CAN BE FOUND IN THE CARBON SOOT OF
GRAPHITE ELECTRODES DURING AN ARC DISCHARGE
INVOLVING HIGH CURRENT. THIS PROCESS YIELDS CNTS
WITH LENGTHS UP TO 50 MICRONS.
• LASER ABLATION
• IN THE LASER ABLATION PROCESS, A PULSED LASER
VAPORIZES A GRAPHITE TARGET IN A HIGH-
TEMPERATURE REACTOR WHILE AN INERT GAS IS
INSERTED INTO THE REACTOR. NANOTUBES DEVELOP ON
THE COOLER SURFACES OF THE REACTOR AS THE
VAPORIZED CARBON CONDENSES.
• OTHER METHODS WHERE CNTS ARE CREATED:
- CHEMICAL VAPOR DECOMPOSITION
- NATURAL, INCIDENTAL, AND CONTROLLED FLAME ENVIRONMENTS
8. STRENGTH PROPERTIES
• CARBON NANOTUBES HAVE THE STRONGEST TENSILE
STRENGTH OF ANY MATERIAL KNOWN.
• IT ALSO HAS THE HIGHEST MODULUS OF ELASTICITY.
Material
Young's
Modulus (TPa)
Tensile
Strength
(GPa)
Elongation at
Break (%)
SWNT
~1 (from 1 to
5)
13-53E 16
Armchair
SWNT
0.94T 126.2T 23.1
Zigzag SWNT 0.94T 94.5T 15.6-17.5
Chiral SWNT 0.92
MWNT 0.8-0.9E 150
Stainless
Steel
~0.2 ~0.65-1 15-50
Kevlar ~0.15 ~3.5 ~2
9. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
• IF THE NANOTUBE STRUCTURE IS
ARMCHAIR THEN THE ELECTRICAL
PROPERTIES ARE METALLIC
• IF THE NANOTUBE STRUCTURE IS
CHIRAL THEN THE ELECTRICAL
PROPERTIES CAN BE EITHER
SEMICONDUCTING WITH A VERY
SMALL BAND GAP, OTHERWISE THE
NANOTUBE IS A MODERATE
SEMICONDUCTOR
• IN THEORY, METALLIC NANOTUBES
CAN CARRY AN ELECTRICAL
CURRENT DENSITY OF 4×109
A/CM2 WHICH IS MORE THAN
1,000 TIMES GREATER THAN
METALS SUCH AS COPPER
10. THERMAL PROPERTIES
• ALL NANOTUBES ARE EXPECTED TO BE VERY GOOD THERMAL
CONDUCTORS ALONG THE TUBE, BUT GOOD INSULATORS
LATERALLY TO THE TUBE AXIS.
• IT IS PREDICTED THAT CARBON NANOTUBES WILL BE ABLE TO
TRANSMIT UP TO 6000 WATTS PER METER PER KELVIN AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE; COMPARE THIS TO COPPER, A METAL WELL-
KNOWN FOR ITS GOOD THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, WHICH
TRANSMITS 385 WATTS PER METER PER K.
• THE TEMPERATURE STABILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBES IS
ESTIMATED TO BE UP TO 2800OC IN VACUUM AND ABOUT 750OC
IN AIR.
11. DEFECTS
• DEFECTS CAN OCCUR IN THE FORM OF ATOMIC
VACANCIES. HIGH LEVELS OF SUCH DEFECTS CAN
LOWER THE TENSILE STRENGTH BY UP TO 85%.
• BECAUSE OF THE VERY SMALL STRUCTURE OF
CNTS, THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF THE TUBE IS
DEPENDENT ON ITS WEAKEST SEGMENT IN A
SIMILAR MANNER TO A CHAIN, WHERE THE
STRENGTH OF THE WEAKEST LINK BECOMES THE
MAXIMUM STRENGTH OF THE CHAIN.
12. ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSPORT
• DUE TO THEIR NANOSCALE DIMENSIONS, ELECTRON
TRANSPORT IN CARBON NANOTUBES WILL TAKE
PLACE THROUGH QUANTUM EFFECTS AND WILL
ONLY PROPAGATE ALONG THE AXIS OF THE TUBE.
BECAUSE OF THIS SPECIAL TRANSPORT PROPERTY,
CARBON NANOTUBES ARE FREQUENTLY REFERRED
TO AS “ONE-DIMENSIONAL.”
13. APPLICATIONS
• NANOTUBES HOLD THE PROMISE OF CREATING NOVEL
DEVICES, SUCH AS CARBON-BASED SINGLE-ELECTRON
TRANSISTORS, THAT SIGNIFICANTLY SMALLER THAN
CONVENTIONAL TRANSISTORS.
15. QUANTUM COMPUTING
• NANOTUBES AND OTHER FULLERENES CAN BE FILLED WITH
MOLECULES THAT HAVE EITHER AN ELECTRONIC OR
STRUCTURAL PROPERTY WHICH CAN BE USED TO REPRESENT
THE QUANTUM BIT (QUBIT) OF INFORMATION, AND WHICH
CAN BE ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER ADJACENT QUBITS.
16. HEALTH HAZARDS
• ACCORDING TO SCIENTISTS AT THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, CARBON NANOTUBES
SHORTER THAN ABOUT 200 NANOMETERS READILY ENTER
INTO HUMAN LUNG CELLS SIMILAR TO THE WAY ASBESTOS
DOES, AND MAY POSE AN INCREASED RISK TO HEALTH.
• CARBON NANOTUBES ALONG WITH THE MAJORITY OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY, ARE AN UNEXPLORED MATTER, AND
MANY OF THE POSSIBLE HEALTH HAZARDS ARE STILL
UNKNOWN.
18. Scientists used to think know everything about this element, and since it was not in great
demand in industry boron was out of the focus of attention.
But in recent decades, boron and its compounds has found application in different
industries such as atomic, rocket-building, metal processing, chemical and many others.
Boron atoms are capable of forming both ion and covalent bonds. They can make
chains, frames, nets etc. Still, we do not know much about this element.
Boron has found application in many fields of modern technology.
small addition of boron to steel (0,0005…0,005 %) increase its hardness!
Boron better than any other element removes gases from copper that improve its
properties.
Saturation of metals with boron forms hard borids!
«We need to know much to understand how
little we know»
19. THERE IS NO CONSENSUS ABOUT HOW MANY BORON
MODIFICATIONS EXIST.
• RESEARCHERS (BORIS
YAKOBSON) ANTICIPATED THE
EXISTENCE OF A FULLERENE
CONSISTING OF 80 BORON
ATOMS.
• BORON NANOTUBES WERE
SYNTHESISED RECENTLY AND
THEIR PROPERTIES AND NATURE
HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY
REVEALED.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
20. ONE OF THE CONFIGURATIONS OF BORON –
HEXAGONAL BORON
FIG. 1.BORON STRUCTURE.
• TABLE 1. MAIN PROPERTIES OF QUASI-
PLANAR HEXAGONAL BORON.
The number of atoms в
EEC
Atom charge Ionazation potential, eV
64 0
7.31
80 0
7.25
88 0
7.95
96 0
8.08
108 0
8.13
21. BY ANALOGY WITH CARBON NANOTUBES WE
ASSUMED THAT BORON NANOTUBES CAN BE
CONSTRUCTED BY ROLLING OF HEXAGONAL
QUASI-PLANAR BORON
DUE TO THREE-CENTER BONDING
BORON NANOTUBES ARE MAINLY OF
TRIANGULAR AND HEXAGONAL TYPES.
22. BORON NANO TUBES WITH DEFECTS
BORON NANOTUBE WITH SUBSTITUTION DEFECTS (EITHER NEUTRAL CARBON
ATOM (С), OR POSITIVELY (С+) AND NEGATIVELY (С–) CHARGED CARBON IONS)
23. SORPTION PROPERTIES OF BORON
NANOTUBES
• IT IS KNOWN THAT BORON NANOTUBES HAVE
UNIQUE SOPTION PROPERTIES. MUCH
RESEARCH INTO THE MECHANISM OF ATOM
AND MOLECULAR ADSORPTION ON THEIR
SURFACE HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT.
• THE STUDY OF THE SURFACE STRUCTURE
HYDROGENATION IS PROMISING FOR ITS
APPLICATION AS A STORAGE FOR
MOLECULAR HYDROGEN.
• THE SEARCH FOR STRUCTURES WITH WELL-
DEVELOPED SURFACES CAPABLE OF
ADSORBING GASES (INCLUDING HYDROGEN)
REMAINS IN THE FOCUS OF ATTENTION. IN
THIS RESPECT RESEARCH OF SORPTION
PROPERTIES OF BORON NANOTUBES IS
IMPORTANT.
______________________________________________
24. REFERENCES
• HTTP://WWW.NEWS-MEDICAL.NET/NEWS/22799.ASPX
• CHAE, H.G.; KUMAR, S. (2006). "RIGID ROD POLYMERIC FIBERS".
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE 100:791-802: 791.
DOI:10.1002/APP.22680.
• HONG, SEUNGHUN; SUNG MYUNG (2007). "NANOTUBE
ELECTRONICS: A FLEXIBLE APPROACH TO MOBILITY". NATURE
NANOTECHNOLOGY 2: 207–208. DOI:10.1038/NNANO.2007.89
• MEO, S.B.; ANDREWS R. (2001). "CARBON NANOTUBES: SYNTHESIS,
PROPERTIES, AND APPLICATIONS". CRIT. REV. SOLID STATE MATER.
SCI. 26(3):145-249: 145. DOI:10.1080/20014091104189.
• KOLOSNJAJ J, SZWARC H, MOUSSA F (2007). "TOXICITY STUDIES OF
CARBON NANOTUBES". ADV EXP MED BIOL. 620: 181–204. PMID
18217344
• EBBESEN, T. W.; AJAYAN, P. M. (1992). "LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS
OF CARBON NANOTUBES". NATURE 358: 220–222.
DOI:10.1038/358220A0