This document provides an overview of nanotechnology, including its history, applications, advantages, and future. It discusses how nanotechnology is the study and manipulation of matter at the nanoscale, and highlights several important developments in its history from 2000 BC to present day. The document also outlines various current and potential applications of nanotechnology in areas like medicine, energy, and computing, as well as advantages like stronger and lighter materials. It notes both benefits and concerns about nanotechnology's future impact.

1. BY
p.vishnu

2. Agenda
 Introduction To Nano technology
 History of Nano technology
 Nanotechnology Applications
 Advantages Of Nano technology
 Nano Tubes
 Disadvantages Of Nano technology
 Future of Nanotechnology

3. What Is Nano technology
 “Nano technology is the art and science of
manipulating matter at the nano scale”
 Nano technology is the study of making small
microscopic things
 It is an advance to the future

5. History of Nano technology
 2000 Years Ago – Sulfide nano crystals used by Greeks and
Romans to dye hair.
 1000 Years Ago (Middle Ages) – Gold nano particles of different
sizes used to produce different colors in stained glass windows.
 1974 – “Nanotechnology” - Taniguchi uses the term
nanotechnology for the first time.
 1981 – IBM develops Scanning Tunneling Microscope. This
microscope evolved to allow the manipulation of individual
atoms and molecules in the field of Nano technology.
 1985 – “Buckyball” - Scientists at Rice University and University
of Sussex discover C60
 1991 – Carbon nanotube discovered by S. Iijima History of
Nanotechnology

6. NEED FOR NANO TECHNOLOGY
 Allows the placement of small structures placed
with precision, simplicity and low cost
 Leads to economic growth
 Enhances national security
 Improves the quality of life
 Leads to job creation

7. Nanotechnology Applications
 •Carbon Nano Tubes
 •Medicine
 •Information Technology
 •Nano Robots
 . Energy

9. Advantages
Material
With NT, we can create unique materials and products
which are:
 Stronger
 Lighter
 Cheaper
 Durable
 Precise

10. NANO TUBES
Single walled nano tube Multi walled nano tube

11. Properties of Nano Tubes
 Strength :- Carbon nano tubes are the strongest and stiffest
materials yet discovered in terms of tensile
strength and elastic modulus respectively.
 Hardness:- The hardness of compressed SWNTs is 462–
546 GPa, surpassing the value of 420 GPa for diamond
 Electrical:- In theory, metallic nano tubes can carry an
electrical current density of 4 × 109 A/cm2 which is more
than 1,000 times greater than metals such as copper.
 Thermal:- All nano tubes are expected to be very
good thermal conductors along the tube, the temperature
stability of carbon nano tubes is estimated to be up to
2800 °C in vacuum and about 750 °C in air.

12. IMPLEMENTATIONS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
 Nano sensors
 Nano computers
 Nano rods
 I pods
 Nano gears

13. Applications of Nano Tubes
 •Solar cells :Solar cells developed at the New Jersey Institute of
Technology use a carbon nano tube complex, formed by a mixture
of carbon nano tubes and carbon bucky balls
 •Ultracapacitors :With a nano tube electrode the hollow spaces
that store charge may be tailored to any size and consequently the
capacity should be increased considerably.
 •Paper batteries :A paper battery is a battery engineered to use a
paper-thin sheet of cellulose infused with aligned carbon nano
tubes. The nano tubes act as electrodes; allowing the storage
devices to conduct electricity. The battery, which functions as
both a lithium-ion battery and a super capacitor, can provide a
long, steady power output comparable to a conventional battery.
 •Other applications :Carbon nano tubes have been implemented
in nano electromechanical systems, including mechanical
memory elements (NRAM being developed by Nantero Inc.)

14. APPLICATIONS OF NANO TECHNOLOGY
 – Nano Tubes
 – Aerogel
 – Nano Particles

15. ADVANTAGES OF NANO
TECHNOLOGY
 Less pollution
 Low production cost
 Mass production in food & consumables
 Technology itself
 War
 Electricity

16. DISADVANTAGES OF NANO
TECHNOLOGY
 Loss of jobs (in manufacturing, farming, etc)
 Carbon Nano tubes could cause infection of lungs
 Oil & Diamonds could become worthless
 Atomic weapons could be more accessible and
destructive

17. Future of Nanotechnology
 Electronic Paper
 Nokia Morph
 Contact Lens
National Science and Technology Council (USA) claims
that:
“Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that will
change the nature of almost every human-made object
in the next century.”