This document outlines and compares various teaching approaches and methods, including teacher-centered vs learner-centered, subject matter-centered vs learner-centered, individualistic vs collaborative, and direct vs indirect instruction. It also lists examples of specific approaches like direct instruction/lecture, demonstration, inquiry, problem-solving, project-based learning, cooperative learning, blended learning, and reflective teaching. Finally, it discusses appropriate learning activities at different phases of a lesson.

1. Different
Approaches and
Methods

2. Approach
Strategy
Method
Technique

3. Teacher-centered Learner-centered
Subject matter-
centered
Learner-centered
Teacher-dominated Interactive
“Banking” Approach Constructivist
Disciplinal Integrated
Individualistic Collaborative
Indirect, guided Direct
Examples of Teaching Approaches

4. Other Teaching Approaches
1.Research-based
2.Whole child
3.Metacognitive
4.Problem-based

5. Engagement
Teacher   Learner
Focus
Subject Matter  Learner
Number
Individual  Group

6. Direct Instruction/ Lecture
Method
1.Direct Instructional/ Lecture Method
2. Demonstration Method

7. Indirect/ Guided/
Exploratory Approach
1.Inquiry Method
2.Problem Solving Method
3.Project Method

8. Cooperative Learning
(Please check table 5 page 110-111 for overview of
selected structures in Cooperative Learning)
1. Peer tutoring/ Peer teaching
2. Partner learning

9. Other Approaches
1.Blended Learning
2.Reflective Teaching
3.Metacognitive
4.Constructivist
5.Integrated

10. Appropriate Learning Activities in
the Different Phases of the Lesson
Introductory/opening/ Initiatory activities
Developmental Activities
1.For Data-gathering
2.For Organizing and summarizing
3.For Application/Creative activities
4.For concluding activities

11. 1.Interactive
2.Innovative
3.Integrative
4.Inquiry-based
5.Collaborative
6. Constructivist
7. Varied
8. Experiential
9. Metacognitive
10. Reflective
Effective Methods