a short history of classic Greek philosophy. It includes Socrates,Plato ,Aristotle and Hellenistic philosophy.

1. 3 great Greek
Philosophers
Socrates Plato Aristotle
470-399BC- 429-347B.C- 384-322B.C

2. “The unexamined life is not worth living.”
Knowledge is virtue for the sake of virtue only.
Wiser is one who knows that he knows nothing.
Keep examine the truth by using dialectic method.
His project is to expose the contradictions within conversation.
His interest is in search for definition of the universal truth.
Man centered philosophy begins.
There is one good “knowledge” and evil “ignorance”.
People should focus only on self improvement.
Socrates
399-470 B.C.

3. ∗Charged for corrupting the youth
∗Refusing the gods in Athens and introduce new one.
Death trail

4. ∗ He was a student of Socrates .
∗ Everything is shadow of its ideal form in the world of ideas.
∗ Knowledge of the world is limited to mere shadow of reality
∗ Perfect from of everything exists in the world of ideas.
∗ His world is eternal and immutable where ideas are innate.
∗ We reach to the highest from with our ability of reason.
∗ He build the academy that was closed over 900 years.
∗ No one enter in academy ,who does not know mathematics.
∗ In allegory of the cave ,we all are prisoner from the birth.
∗ What we call learning is only a process of collection
Plato
429-347 B.C.

5. The Allegory of the Cave
∗ Plato explains the theory of knowledge, prisoners in cave know through
the shadow on wall and fire is a source of knowledge. They know nothing
about the world outside cave . Therefore, they suppose the reality inside.

6. ∗He was a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander.
∗He was scholarly and methodical in writing approach.
∗His writing is about 170 title of lecture notes.
∗Truth resides in the world around us.
∗Minds are blank slate, man by nature desire to know.
∗Everything has potentiality of achieving a actual form.
∗He classified the knowledge into distinct disciplines.
Physics,Biology,Ethics,Politics,Poetry,Rhetoric.
Aristotle(384-322 B.C)

7. The Golden
mean rule
∗ Virtue is mean of excess and deficiency of feelings and actions.
∗ Follow moderation - a balance between two extremes.
∗ Being courage is the mean between being coward and rash.
∗ Man act appropriately rational and emotional with principle of mean.
∗ Self-control is the mean between self-indulgence and being “insensible”
∗ The ability to reason distinguishes human beings from other things.
∗ Rational part control irrational part being human.
∗ Ultimate goods are better than instrumental goods.
∗ We need to discover the ultimate goal of life.
∗ Instrumental goods are aimed for the sake of something else.
∗ Ultimate goods are aimed at for their own sakes.

8. Post-Aristotle

9. ∗Diogenes(404-323)was the founder of cynic approach .
∗Cynics means shameless rejection of all conventions.
∗It means disbelieve in goodness & sincerity of motives .
∗They express sneer and sarcasm over social values.
∗He has the most who has content with the least.
∗Happiness could be achieved to live according to nature
∗Abandon social relation to minimize emotional bound.

10. ∗Zeno(334-262 B.C) was the founder of stoicism
∗Stoa means porch advocated by cicero and Epictetus.
∗Happiness comes from accepting whatever life bring up
∗Inspired by Socrates for happiness is virtue by wisdom.
∗ human wisdom is to understand the roles in the world.
∗We cannot control event but control our attitude
∗All people were alike and should be tread well.
∗All are citizens od the same country i-e cosmopolitan.

11. ∗The aim of life is attainment of pleasure.
∗Pain is always bad and pleasure is always good.
∗The pleasure of mind is prior than any form of pleasure
∗The wise person is one who consume little.
∗Feeling is immediate test of goodness or badness.
∗Pleasure of mind come from lessen the useless fear.
∗
Epicurus (341-270 B.C)

12. ∗Pyrrho was the founder of skeptic approach .
∗The skeptic keep on searching the truth .
∗The suspension of judgment involved in inquiry.
∗Respect for appearance and accept nature.
∗Morality is possible without knowledge
∗Force of feeling hungry derive to food is probable.
∗Nothing is good or bad by nature .
Attitude of doubt is the safe for absolute truth.
Pyrro (361-270 B.C)