Arabic philosophy had a notable influence on the development of Western philosophy. During the 8th to 12th centuries, there was significant development of science in the Arab world, including fields like trigonometry, algebra, optics, astronomy, chemistry, geography, zoology, botany and medicine. Greek philosophical texts were translated into Arabic, exposing Arab thinkers to ideas of philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. Scholars like al-Kindi, al-Farabi, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), and Ibn Rushd (Averroes) synthesized and further developed Greek philosophy, establishing Islamic philosophical schools. Their works were influential in Europe when later translated into Latin.
in this presentation i presented some common information about muslim scientests and philosophes that lived in medieval age and i collect some information about discoveries that the did and now a days we the technology it is rooted from their discoveries and hard working.
The Islamic Golden Age 1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 .docxjmindy
The Islamic Golden Age
1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632
2. Expansion during the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661
3. Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750
Islamic civilization experienced a golden age under the Abbassid Dynasty, which ruled from the mid 8th century until the mid 13th century.
Under the Abbassids, Islamic culture became a blending of Arab, Persian, Egyptian, and European traditions. The result was an era of stunning intellectual and cultural achievements.
It is said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate with the Mongol invasions and the Sack of Baghdad in 1258. Several contemporary scholars, however, place the end of the Islamic Golden Age to be around the 15th to 16th centuries.
Influences for the Golden Age
Religious: The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge.
Government sponsorship
The Muslim governments heavily patronized scholars. The best scholars and notable translators, such as Hunayn ibn Ishaq, had salaries that are estimated to be the equivalent of professional athletes today.
The House of Wisdom was a library, translation institute, and academy established in Abbasid-era Baghdad, Iraq by Caliph Harun al-Rashid and his son al-Ma'mun.
The House of Wisdom is where both Muslim and non-Muslim scholars sought to translate and gather all the world's knowledge into Arabic. Many classic works of antiquity that would otherwise have been lost were translated into Arabic and Persian and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew and Latin.
From the translations, the Arab world became a collection of cultures which put together, synthesized and significantly advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Roman, Chinese, Indian, Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Byzantine civilizations.
New technology
With a new, and easier writing system, and the introduction of paper, information was democratized to the extent that, for probably the first time in history, it became possible to make a living from simply writing and selling books.
Learning from History…
During this period, the Muslims showed a strong interest in assimilating the scientific knowledge of the civilizations that had been conquered. Many classic works of antiquity that might otherwise have been lost were translated from Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, Chinese, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations into Arabic and Persian, and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew, and Latin.
Philosophy
Ibn Rushd founder of the Averroism school of philosophy, was influential in the rise of secular thought in Western Europe.
Ibn Rushd and Ibn Sina played a major role in saving the works of Aristotle, whose ideas came to dominate the non-religious thought of the Christian and Muslim worlds. They would also absorb ideas from China, and India, adding to them tremendous knowled.
in this presentation i presented some common information about muslim scientests and philosophes that lived in medieval age and i collect some information about discoveries that the did and now a days we the technology it is rooted from their discoveries and hard working.
The Islamic Golden Age 1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 .docxjmindy
The Islamic Golden Age
1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632
2. Expansion during the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661
3. Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750
Islamic civilization experienced a golden age under the Abbassid Dynasty, which ruled from the mid 8th century until the mid 13th century.
Under the Abbassids, Islamic culture became a blending of Arab, Persian, Egyptian, and European traditions. The result was an era of stunning intellectual and cultural achievements.
It is said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate with the Mongol invasions and the Sack of Baghdad in 1258. Several contemporary scholars, however, place the end of the Islamic Golden Age to be around the 15th to 16th centuries.
Influences for the Golden Age
Religious: The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge.
Government sponsorship
The Muslim governments heavily patronized scholars. The best scholars and notable translators, such as Hunayn ibn Ishaq, had salaries that are estimated to be the equivalent of professional athletes today.
The House of Wisdom was a library, translation institute, and academy established in Abbasid-era Baghdad, Iraq by Caliph Harun al-Rashid and his son al-Ma'mun.
The House of Wisdom is where both Muslim and non-Muslim scholars sought to translate and gather all the world's knowledge into Arabic. Many classic works of antiquity that would otherwise have been lost were translated into Arabic and Persian and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew and Latin.
From the translations, the Arab world became a collection of cultures which put together, synthesized and significantly advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Roman, Chinese, Indian, Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Byzantine civilizations.
New technology
With a new, and easier writing system, and the introduction of paper, information was democratized to the extent that, for probably the first time in history, it became possible to make a living from simply writing and selling books.
Learning from History…
During this period, the Muslims showed a strong interest in assimilating the scientific knowledge of the civilizations that had been conquered. Many classic works of antiquity that might otherwise have been lost were translated from Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, Chinese, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations into Arabic and Persian, and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew, and Latin.
Philosophy
Ibn Rushd founder of the Averroism school of philosophy, was influential in the rise of secular thought in Western Europe.
Ibn Rushd and Ibn Sina played a major role in saving the works of Aristotle, whose ideas came to dominate the non-religious thought of the Christian and Muslim worlds. They would also absorb ideas from China, and India, adding to them tremendous knowled.
Arabic Scientific Words At Arabic was the language of scienc.pdfADITYAMOBILEGALLRY
Arabic Scientific Words At Arabic was the language of science during the medieval times referred
to as the Golden Age of Islam (from 622 - 1492 AD). It was a time of amazing scholarship and
research shared by Muslims, Christians and Jews in the Islamic Empire. The Islamic Empire
spanned from western India in the east, to western Altica in the west, including the part of Spain
known then as Andalusia (Islamic Spain). The developments in science included different fields
such as mathematics, astronomy, physics, medicine, pharmacy. chemistry, engineering, and many
more. These advancements in the sciences gradually reached the rest of Europe (through Islamic
Spain) and brought about the age known as the Renaissance. Since all scientific books in the
Islamic Empire wore documented in Arabic, Arabic words made their way into other languages.
There are over 3000 words in the English language that are of Arabic origin. Find ten scientific
words in English that are of Arabic origin, and lst their meaning..
Arabic Scientific Words At Arabic was the language of scienc.pdfADITYAMOBILEGALLRY
Arabic Scientific Words At Arabic was the language of science during the medieval times referred
to as the Golden Age of Islam (from 622 - 1492 AD). It was a time of amazing scholarship and
research shared by Muslims, Christians and Jews in the Islamic Empire. The Islamic Empire
spanned from western India in the east, to western Altica in the west, including the part of Spain
known then as Andalusia (Islamic Spain). The developments in science included different fields
such as mathematics, astronomy, physics, medicine, pharmacy. chemistry, engineering, and many
more. These advancements in the sciences gradually reached the rest of Europe (through Islamic
Spain) and brought about the age known as the Renaissance. Since all scientific books in the
Islamic Empire wore documented in Arabic, Arabic words made their way into other languages.
There are over 3000 words in the English language that are of Arabic origin. Find ten scientific
words in English that are of Arabic origin, and lst their meaning..
Вернадский түсініктемесі бойынша тіршіліктің функциялары
Тірі заттың геохимиялық функциялары
Табиғаттағы зат және энергия айналымы
Тірі организмді сақтау бойынша ұсыныстар
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
3. 1. While philosophy, art and science lingered for a long time in its development in
the West, it bloomed in the East owing to the merit of their thinkers.
Arabic philosophy noticeably influenced on the development of West European
philosophical conception. The power of the Arabs strengthened after the religious and
national integration of nomadic Arab tribes in the era of Prophet Muhammad (569-
632). In the end of XV century Arab Caliphate was bigger than the former Roman
Empire. There was a rise of production, science and culture, a significant revival of trade
in the Muslim world that covered a vast territory from Spain to Turkestan.
4. Islam was not just a religion. It regulated almost
all the aspects of the Muslim life. With 622 began the
calculus of the Muslim calendar. Muslim culture was
rich and complex.
There was a development of science in the Arab world from VIII to XII
centuries: trigonometry, algebra, later optics, psychology, then astronomy,
chemistry, geography, zoology, botany and medicine. Gradually it acquired
religious and philosophical approach. Ancient philosophy was saved close to
Islamic culture.
5. 2. Greek philosophical texts were translated into
Arabic
Al-Kindi was considered as first Muslim philosopher, the merits of
whom was the formulation of philosophical Arabic vocabulary, as well as
rethinking of Greek philosophy in terms of the Arab doctrines.
6. 3. Al-Farabi continued al-Kindi’s line and
laid the foundation of Peripatetic school in
Islam. It should be noted that al-Kindi, al-Farabi,
Ibn Sina and Ibn Rushd represent the first
fundamental school in Islamic philosophy,
which was called Peripatetic school. Aristotle’s
progeny was Abu Nasr al-Farabi (870-950), who
was born in Otrar. He studied all known at that
time fields of knowledge. In the first place, there
was philosophy, and especially logic. His
comments to all the basic logical works of
Aristotle are known. The philosophers of the
East called al-Farabi “Muallim Al-Thani” that
means the second teacher. They called Aristotle
the first teacher. Al-Farabi wrote more than
hundred works on philosophy and natural
sciences.
7. 4. Arabic philosophy adopted Plato and Aristotle’s ideas from Greeks, developed as
well as deepened it further.
Arabic words became a part of Western lexicon, for example, "arsenal",
"accident", "admiral", "tariff" etc. The term "algorithm" was derived from the
Latinized name of al-Khwarizmi-Algoritmi, "algebra" from the word "aldzhebr".
Even more, in this period Arabic language was considered as the language of
science.
The West returned to Greek philosophy through Arabic translations.
8. 5. The famous scientist and philosopher Abu Ali ibn Sina
(Latinized name is Avicenna), who is considered as the first
physician-astrologer in the history of the mankind, presented to
European scientists first systematic Aristotelian form. He was born
in the suburbs of Bukhara in 980, an ethnic Tajik.
Many of his works were translated into Latin in the second part
of XII century. His most known work is “The Healing book” in 18
volumes that include logic, rhetoric, physics, metaphysics, etc. It
was the first grand synthesis in classical culture, which gave impulse
to the scientific development of the whole of Western philosophy.
The treatise of Ibn Sina "Canon of Medicine" had become a
handbook for doctors of both the West and the East for five
centuries.
9. 5. Ibn Rushd (1126-1196)
(Latinized name is Averroes) was from
Cordoba the heart of Muslim Spain,
where Arab culture, especially
philosophy, experienced perhaps the
most fruitful period of its development
over eight centuries. Averroes was
theologian, lawyer, mathematician and
philosopher. At the same time Averroes
was a great medical scientist standing on
a level with such great physicians like
Hippocrates, Galen and Avicenna.
If it is true that philosophy and
religion taught the truth, then the
differences between them are not the
main concern. If not, it is necessary to
expound religious text in the
requirements of reason, because truth is
one, and it is reasonable. Averroes
claimed that there is no double truth.
10. Sufism (from Arabic Suf - wool, Sufi - wearing a woolen cloak) is religious-
mystical doctrine of Islam, which appeared in VIII-IX centuries. Asceticism and
extreme mysticism take the central position in Sufism. The ultimate goal of life in
Sufism is mystical union of the soul with God, with the removal of the entire earth.
Outstanding representatives of Sufism were al-Ghazali (1059- 1111), the Central
Asian Sufi philosopher Alayar, H.A. Yassaui and others.
11. "It was the Arabs, who taught and educated, and not just, as is often
believed were the mediators between the Greek and the Latin world" as Arabs
have taught Europeans to understand the philosophical texts (Koyre A. Essays on
the history of philosophical thought. M., 1985.p.52).
Greco - Arabic science delved into to the West in all its independence from
the Christian tradition in the second part of the XII century.
Many thinkers (for example, D. Vico) introduced the Middle Ages as a deep
gulf between the ancient and the new rise of the West - the Renaissance.