Howard Gardner proposed multiple intelligences in 1983 which include linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, musical intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, spatial intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and intrapersonal intelligence. Each intelligence involves different skills and abilities such as the capacity to use language, think logically, understand musical patterns, coordinate bodily movements, recognize spatial patterns, understand other people's intentions, and understand oneself respectively. Gardner believes that by understanding these multiple intelligences, people will be better positioned to make the world a better place through knowledge and avoiding past mistakes.