Multimedia Foundations
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Multimedia involves using multiple mediums of communication, extending beyond traditional mediums like books, newspapers, film, and television. Digital multimedia combines any five components - text, graphics, video, audio, and animation - in an interactive, digital format that consumers can access on digital devices. With new media, anyone can produce and distribute content to a wide audience.
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This document is a seminar report submitted by Mr. Nikunj P. Agrawal on the topic of "Green Computing" under the guidance of Prof. V. S. Gulhane in 2010-2011. The report begins by defining green computing as the environmentally sustainable practice of computing with minimal environmental impact. It discusses various approaches to green computing like virtualization, power management, recycling, and more efficient algorithms. It provides examples of green computing implementations and discusses how individuals and organizations can work to reduce the environmental impact of computing.
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- Bayesian learning uses probabilities to calculate the likelihood of hypotheses given observed data and prior probabilities. The naive Bayes classifier is an example.
- The Bayes theorem provides a way to calculate the posterior probability of a hypothesis given observed training data by considering the prior probability and likelihood of the data under the hypothesis.
- Bayesian methods can incorporate prior knowledge and probabilistic predictions, and classify new instances by combining predictions from multiple hypotheses weighted by their probabilities.
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- In the 1940s and 1950s, electronic digital computers were developed using vacuum tubes, including the ENIAC and UNIVAC.
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- Integrated circuits were developed in the late 1950s, allowing computers to become smaller yet while maintaining processing power.
- The microprocessor was invented in 1971,
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A means of communication is a technical system used to carry out any type of communication . This term normally refers to those media that are massive in nature, that is, those that provide information or content to the masses, such as television or radio.
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Market basket analysis examines customer purchasing patterns to determine which items are commonly bought together. This can help retailers with marketing strategies like product bundling and complementary product placement. Association rule mining is a two-step process that first finds frequent item sets that occur together above a minimum support threshold, and then generates strong association rules from these frequent item sets that satisfy minimum support and confidence. Various techniques can improve the efficiency of the Apriori algorithm for mining association rules, such as hashing, transaction reduction, partitioning, sampling, and dynamic item-set counting. Pruning strategies like item merging, sub-item-set pruning, and item skipping can also enhance efficiency. Constraint-based mining allows users to specify constraints on the type of
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Multimedia Foundations
- 2. Multi + Media = Multimedia = Many
- 3. Multi + Media = Multimedia = Communication Tools Anything that can contain a message - verbal or non-verbal
- 4. Multi + Media = Multimedia Many + Communication Tools = using more than one medium of expression or communication. An extension of traditional media industries and practices (Costello, ch. 1)
- 5. Old (Traditional Media) Books, newspapers, magazines, film, sound recordings, radio, and television.
- 6. Defining Characteristics of Old Media They are forms of Mass Media. The mass media are the product of large organizations that operate with great expense. The mass media are directed toward a relatively large, heterogeneous, and anonymous audience. The mass media are publicly transmitted and timed to reach the most audience members simultaneously. - 1950s sociologist Charles Wright
- 7. Digital Media (New Media) Technology + Content Digital multimedia is any combination of these five components: text, graphics, video, audio, and animation in a distributable format that consumers can interact with on a digital device. (Costello, ch. 1) With new media, anyone can produce and deliver content to a public audience.
- 8. Text “The visual expression of letters, numbers, and symbols used to communicate ideas and information to others through a human language system.” (Costello, ch. 1) The purpose of text is: ● to provide instruction ● to provide a written narrative ● to provide hierarchical structure ● to facilitate discovery
- 9. Graphics Includes digital photographs, illustrations, clipart, and any other type of still image.
- 10. Video Any type of motion picture system or format designed to capture and reproduce real- life movement across time.
- 11. Audio The aural content that’s created through the electronic capture and reproduction of sound.
- 12. Animation The process of creating motion over time through the rapid projection of a sequence of hand-drawn or computer-generated images and falls into two broad categories: 2D animation and 3D animation.
- 13. Click image to play video