This document defines and explains multimedia and its key elements. It begins by defining multimedia as a combination of text, graphics, audio, video and animation delivered interactively to users. It then discusses each of these elements in more detail. The document also covers the differences between linear and non-linear multimedia, important authoring tools, and key uses of multimedia in different fields like business, education and entertainment. Finally, it provides a brief overview of how search engines work by having software robots crawl the web and build indexes of words to return search results.

1. M U L T I M E D I A
By: Akhil Kaushik
Asstt. Prof., CSE Deptt.

2. What is Multimedia?
Derived from the word “Multi” and “Media”
Multi
 Many, Multiple,
Media
 Tools that is used to represent or do a certain
things, delivery medium, a form of mass
communication – newspaper, magazine / TV.
 Distribution tool & information presentation – text,
graphic, voice, images, music and etc.

3. Definition of Multimedia
Multimedia is a combination of text,
graphic, sound, animation, and video
that is delivered interactively to the user
by electronic or digitally manipulated
means.
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION

4. Elements of Multimedia
TEXT
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 A broad term for something that contains words to express
something.
 Text is the most basic element of multimedia.
 A good choice of words could help convey the intended
message to the users (keywords).
 Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons

5. Elements of Multimedia
TEXT
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example

6. Elements of Multimedia
GRAPHIC
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Two-dimensional figure or illustration
 Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting,
carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology.
 Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a
particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).

7. Elements of Multimedia
GRAPHIC
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example

8. Elements of Multimedia
AUDIO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Produced by vibration, as perceived by the
sense of hearing.
 In multimedia, audio could come in the form of
speech, sound effects and also music score.

9. Elements of Multimedia
AUDIO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example

10. Elements of Multimedia
ANIMATION
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 The illusion of motion created by the consecutive
display of images of static elements.
 In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance /
enriched the experience of the user to further
understand the information conveyed to them.

11. Elements of Multimedia
ANIMATION
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Example

12. Elements of Multimedia
VIDEO
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
ANIMATION
 Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing,
transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.
 Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence /
live recording as in comparison to animation.
 Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully
before you are going to use it.

13. Interactive Multimedia
When the user is given the option of
controlling the elements.
Hyper Media
A combination of hypertext, graphics,
audio, video, (linked elements) and
interactivity culminating in a complete,
non-linear computer-based experience.

14. Example
Hyper Media
Main Page
1. Video link
2. Image link
3. Audio Link

15. Linear VS Non-Linear
 A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when:
 It is not interactive
 User have no control over the content that is being showed to
them.
 Example:
 A movie
 A non-interactive lecture / demo show
LINEAR

16. Linear VS Non-Linear
 A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when:
 It is interactive
 Users have control over the content that is being showed to them.
 Users are given navigational control
 Example:
 Games
 Courseware
 Interactive CD
NON-LINEAR

17. Authoring Tools
 Use to merge multimedia elements (text,
audio, graphic, animation, video) into a
project.
 Designed to manage individual multimedia
elements and provide user interaction (if
required).

18. Authoring Tools
 Example:
 Macromedia Authorware
 Macromedia Director
 Macromedia Flash
 Microsoft Power Point

19. Importance of Multimedia
There are a number of fields where
multimedia could be of use. Examples
are:-
Business
Education
Entertainment
Home
Public Places

20. Importance of Multimedia
 Business
Use and Applications
Sales / Marketing Presentation
Trade show production
Staff Training Application
Company Kiosk

21. Importance of Multimedia
 Education
Use and Applications
Courseware / Simulations
E-Learning / Distance Learning
Information Searching

22. Importance of Multimedia
 Entertainment
Use and Applications
Games (Leisure / Educational)
Movies
Video on Demand
Online

23. Importance of Multimedia
 Home
Use and Applications
Television
Satellite TV
SMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)

24. Importance of Multimedia
 Public Places
Use and Applications
Information Kiosk
Smart Cards, Security

25. S E A R C H E N G I N E
“Searching The Internet Requires Part
Skills, Part Luck & Little Bit Of Art”

26. Search Engine
 Search engine is a software program that
searches for sites based on words that you
designate as search terms
 Search engines look thru’ their own database
of info to find what you are looking for
 Search engines don’t search the entire web
page, thus they make overlook the info

27. Examples of Search Engine
• Conventional (library catalog) : Search by keyword, title,
author, etc.
• Text-based (Lexis-Nexis, Google, Yahoo!): Search by
keywords. Limited search using queries in natural
language.
• Multimedia (QBIC, WebSeek, SaFe) : Search by visual
appearance (shapes, colors,… ).
• Question answering systems (Ask, NSIR, Answerbus) :
Search in (restricted) natural language
• Clustering systems (Vivísimo, Clusty)
• Research systems (Lemur, Nutch)

28. What does it take to build a search engine?
• Decide what to index
• Collect it
• Index it (efficiently)
• Keep the index up to date
• Provide user-friendly query facilities

29. What else?
• Understand the structure of the web for
efficient crawling
• Understand user information needs
• Preprocess text and other unstructured
data
• Cluster data
• Classify data
• Evaluate performance

30. They search the Internet or select pieces
of the Internet based on important
words.
They keep an index of the words they
find, and where they find them.
They allow users to look for words or
combinations of words found in that
index.
Working of Search Engine
Akhil Kaushik 30

31. Working of Search Engine

32. Working of Search Engine
To find information on the hundreds of
millions of Web pages that exist, a
search engine employs special software
robots, called spiders, to build lists of
the words found on Web sites.
When a spider is building its lists, the
process is called Web crawling.

33.  The usual starting points are lists of heavily
used servers and very popular pages.
 The spider will begin with a popular site,
indexing the words on its pages and following
every link found within the site.
 In this way, the spidering system quickly
begins to travel, spreading out across the most
widely used portions of the Web.
 Spiders return to already crawled websites
looking for updates or changes.
Working of Search Engine
Akhil Kaushik 33

34. Building the Index
There are two key components involved in
making the gathered data accessible to
users:
The information stored with the data
The method by which the information
is indexed

35. Building a Search
The Boolean operators most often seen are:
 AND - All the terms joined by "AND" must appear in the pages or
documents.
 OR - At least one of the terms joined by "OR" must appear in the
pages or documents.
 NOT - The term or terms following "NOT" must not appear in the
pages or documents.
 Quotation Marks - The words between the quotation marks are
treated as a phrase, and that phrase must be found within the
document or file.
 FOLLOWED BY - One of the terms must be directly followed by
the other.
 NEAR - One of the terms must be within a specified number of
words of the other.

36.  It is a search tool that sends user requests to
several other search engines and /or
databases and aggregates the result into a
single list or displays them according to their
source
 It enable users to enter search criteria once &
access several search engines simultaneously
 It has a virtual database to compile the result
 Ex: www.dogpile.com
Meta Search Engine
Akhil Kaushik 36

37. T H A N K S