Describes the Rural-Urban Interaction

1. REGIONAL PLANNING
IN
RURAL- URBAN CONTEXT

2. A ‘region’ in planning terms can be administrative or at least
partially functional and is likely to include a network of settlements
and character area.
REGION
A region scheme usually covers more than one local government
area. The content of the scheme may vary for each region, but they
generally set out broad land use zones or policy areas and identify
land required for regional purposes.
Regions require various land uses; protection of Farm land, cities,
industrial space, transportation hubs and infrastructure, military
bases and wilderness.
Salient features

5. REGIONAL PLANNING
Regional planning deals with the efficient
placement of land use activities, infrastructure and
settlement growth across a larger area of land than
an individual city or town

6. Regions require various land uses;
protection of Farm land, cities,
industrial space, transportation
hubs and infrastructure, military
bases and wilderness.
Regional Development addresses
region- wide environmental,
social and economic issues which
may require a regional focus.
It is the science of efficient
placement of infrastructure and
zoning for the sustainable growth
of a region.
REGIONAL PLANNING

7. PRINCIPLES OF REGIONAL PLANNING
1. Resist development in flood plains or along earthquake faults. These
area may be utilized as parks or improved farmland.
2. Designate transportation corridors using hubs and considering
major new infrastructure
3. Designating essential nuisance land uses locations, including waste
disposal
4. Set regional level ‘policy’ and zoning which encourages a mix of
housing values and communities
5. Consider building codes, zoning laws and policies that encourage
the best use of the land.

8. “URBAN”

9. “RURAL”

11. RURAL AREAS
Rural areas are large and
isolated areas of an open
country with low population
density

12. RURAL DEVELOPMENT

13. AIMS OF DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC
SOCIAL
CULTURAL
TO IMPROVE

14. WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS?
RURAL DEVELOPMENT

15. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PEOPLE RELATEDD
PROBLEMS
1. Traditional way of
thinking
2. Poor
understanding
3. Low level of
education
4. Lack of
confidence
5. Poor awareness
6. Low level of
education
7. Existence of unfelt
needs
8. Personal ego
ECONOMIC RELATED
PROBLEMS
AGRICULTURE
RELATED PROBLEMS
1. Lack of unexpected
awareness,
knowledge, skill
and attitude.
2. Unavailability of
Inputs
3. Poor marketing
facility.
4. Insufficient
extension staff &
services.
5. Multidimensional
tasks to extension
personnel.
6. Small size of land
holding.
7. Division of land.
8. Unwillingness to
work and stay in
rural areas.
INFRASTRUCTURE
RELATED PROBLEMS
1. Unfavorable
economic
condition to
adopt high cost
technology.
2. High cost of
inputs.
3. Under
privileged rural
industries.
Poor infrastructure
facilities like:-
1. Water.
2. Electricity.
3. Transport.
4. Educational
institutions.
5. Communicatio
n
6. Health
7. Employment
8. Storage facility

16. LEADERSHIP
RELATED
PROBLEMS
ADMINISTRATIVE
RELATED PROBLEMS
1. Political interference
2. Lack of motivation &
interest
3. Unwillingness to
work in villages
4. Improper utilization
of budgets.
5. No proper
monitoring of
programs & lack in
their
implementation
1. Leadership
among the
hands of
inactive &
incompetent
people.
2. Self interest of
leaders.
3. Biased political
will

18. Areas of High Rural-Urban Interactions
1. Villages located within daily commuting
distances of cities, particulary large cities.
2.Rural corridors where number of towns and
cities are located within short distances of one
another and the intervening villages are
progressively urbanized.

19. GROWTH CENTRES
• Planning for rural-urban communities with a small town at the centre and a
number of villages at the periphery.
• The economic relationship between the town and the surrounding villages was
suggested to be one of mutual dependence.
• The villages produce raw materials and food for the town. In return the town
will process these materials and send them back to the villages in finished form.

20. “The (Urban) Plans generally bear no relationship with the
rural hinterland of the district…No plan can be realistic
unless it takes into account the interaction between the
two… It calls for total district planning integrating a
settlement pattern to promote human activity, balanced
development and a congenial environment.” It also
recommended, “District and local physical plans should be
prepared within the framework of the regional plans and a
suitable statutory authority should be entrusted at the
district or area level to draw up detailed plans and
programmes on the basis of a settlement plan, integrating
rural and urban areas.”

23. Principal Rural-Urban Socio-Economic
Interactions
The principal types of interactions are listed below:-
• Villagers uses Commercial, Industrial, social service &
Recreational facilities located in cities & town.

24. •Work in cities & towns by villagers living within commuting
distance of them & use of such villages as dormitories by
workers in the cities.

25. Production by villagers of food including high value
perishables foods-milk, vegetables, meat, poultry
products, fruits etc for urban population.

26. Diversion of agricultural and other rural lands, located on
fringes of cities for residential, commercial, industrial or
other urban uses

27. • Rural to Urban Migration.

28. 1. Programmes for progress towards integrated rural and urban
development.
2. Expansion and improvement of transportation infrastructures.
3. Improvement of telecomunications by exploiting aggresively the rapid
advances in technology
4. Implementing a massive education program with the following objective
a. Achievement of Functional literacy among al adults
b. Rapid diffusion of marketable skills-technical/vocational and
managerial-among both rural and urban youth
C. Multi-faceted social education, which will maximize the positive and
minimize the negative effects of rural-urban interactions.
Recommendations

29. Recommendations
5. Policies & programmes aimed at achieving decentralized industrial
development.
6. Increasing production of high value perishable foods and of industries
processing them for both the domestic & international market.
7. The legislation for establishment of the institutions for rural development &
administration on the other hand & urban local bodies on the other hand
should specify the patterns of interaction between them.
8. Micro regional plans- useful tools for progress towards integrated rural &
urban development.

30. 10. Common problem of rural & urban areas such as unemployment, poverty and
deficiency of physical & social infrastructure can be identified and steps taken
to elevate them.
11. Policies and programs can be formulated & implemented for development &
conservation of national resources such as water.
12. District Development Plans - The process should be extended to a phased
manner so as to achieve complete coverage of all district over a period of years.
13. Metropolitan Plans- It should give special attention to reducing
unemployment & poverty, particularly in the rural area. This will reduce
pressure of migration from villages to town & cities & from small towns to
metropolitan cities.
Recommendations

31. Thank you