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The Mughal Empire
Done by Reza
Humayun (1530-40 AND
1555-56)
• After Babur's
death, his son
Humayun,
succeeded to the
throne in 1530
A.D. Babur had
left a vast empire
extending from
Badakhsan in
central Asia to
Bihar in India. But
Humayuns Difficulties:
• The Afghan and the Rajput kings in
India regarded Mughals as
foreigners and wanted to drive
them out of India.
• The vast empire had not yet been
consolidated.
• The collection of land revenue had
not been systematised. So the
finances of the state were poor.
Humayun’s wars
• Humayun succeeded in conquering the
provinces of Gujarat and Malwa. He
attacked the Mugal army at Chausa in
1539 AD. And defeated them.
• Humayun was troubled by Farid who
became the ruler of Bengal and Bihar
and assumed the title of Sher Shah.
Farid defeated Humayan in the battle
of Kannauj. The kingdom which Babur
had acquired was lost. Humayun had to
leave Sind and go to Persia.
Humayuns wars (cont.)
• Humayun took advantage of this
opportunity and he marched towards
India and captured Lahore.
• In July 1555 AD, Humayun occupied
Delhi and Agra by defeated Sikander
Suri, the rebel governor of Punjab.
• After 15 years, Humayun succeeded in
regaining his kingdom.
• Humayun could not live long after this
success.
Sher shah suri (1540-45 A.D.)
• Sher Shah was the son
of a noble (a jagirdar)
of Jaunpur in Bihar. His
real name is Farid.
• He was an ambitious
general. He aimed at
driving the Mughals out
of India to re-establish
Aghan power.
• He defeated Humayun
two times, once at
Chausa in 1539 AD and
another time at Kannauj
in 1540 AD.
• A brave warrior and a
successful general, Sher
Shah died of an
Sher Shah’s Administration
• Sher Shah was a brilliant administrator.
He introduced many reforms and
innovations in the administration of the
country. Some of these are mentioned
below:-
• 1) He paid to his army (both soldiers and
the officers) salaries in cash regularly.
• 2) For the general welfare of the people,
Sher Shah built many roads.
• 3) He introduced gold, silver and copper
coins known as Tanka or Rupia.
• 4) He started the new postal system by
using horses
Akbar’s Accession 1556 AD
• Humayun died suddenly due to
an accidental fall from the
stairs of his library in 1556 AD.
At that time, Akbar was at
Kalanaur, in District Gurdaspur
of Punjab.
• He was crowned there in a
simple ceremony at the tender
Expansion of the Empire by
Akbar
• In 1556 Akbar’s guardian Bairam Khan
defeated Hemu in the second Battle of
Panipat. Agra, Gwalior and Delhi fell into
the hands of Mughals.
• In 1564 Akbar attacked Gondwana and
captured it.
• Akbar also expanded his empire by keeping
good relations with the Rajputs.
• In 1572 he conquered Gujarat.
• Akbar next extended his empire towards
the North-West of India. In a series of
campaigns, he conquered Kabul, Kashmir,
Kandhar, Lower Sindh and the Eastern
The Deccan Campaign (1591-
1601 AD)
Akbar’s first move was against
Ahmednagar. The kingdom was bravely
defended by Chand Bibi and only some
part of it was annexed by the Mughals. In
1601, Akbar invaded Khandesh and
captured the famous forts of Burhanpur
and Asirgarh.

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mughal empire

  • 2. Humayun (1530-40 AND 1555-56) • After Babur's death, his son Humayun, succeeded to the throne in 1530 A.D. Babur had left a vast empire extending from Badakhsan in central Asia to Bihar in India. But
  • 3. Humayuns Difficulties: • The Afghan and the Rajput kings in India regarded Mughals as foreigners and wanted to drive them out of India. • The vast empire had not yet been consolidated. • The collection of land revenue had not been systematised. So the finances of the state were poor.
  • 4. Humayun’s wars • Humayun succeeded in conquering the provinces of Gujarat and Malwa. He attacked the Mugal army at Chausa in 1539 AD. And defeated them. • Humayun was troubled by Farid who became the ruler of Bengal and Bihar and assumed the title of Sher Shah. Farid defeated Humayan in the battle of Kannauj. The kingdom which Babur had acquired was lost. Humayun had to leave Sind and go to Persia.
  • 5. Humayuns wars (cont.) • Humayun took advantage of this opportunity and he marched towards India and captured Lahore. • In July 1555 AD, Humayun occupied Delhi and Agra by defeated Sikander Suri, the rebel governor of Punjab. • After 15 years, Humayun succeeded in regaining his kingdom. • Humayun could not live long after this success.
  • 6.
  • 7. Sher shah suri (1540-45 A.D.) • Sher Shah was the son of a noble (a jagirdar) of Jaunpur in Bihar. His real name is Farid. • He was an ambitious general. He aimed at driving the Mughals out of India to re-establish Aghan power. • He defeated Humayun two times, once at Chausa in 1539 AD and another time at Kannauj in 1540 AD. • A brave warrior and a successful general, Sher Shah died of an
  • 8. Sher Shah’s Administration • Sher Shah was a brilliant administrator. He introduced many reforms and innovations in the administration of the country. Some of these are mentioned below:- • 1) He paid to his army (both soldiers and the officers) salaries in cash regularly. • 2) For the general welfare of the people, Sher Shah built many roads. • 3) He introduced gold, silver and copper coins known as Tanka or Rupia. • 4) He started the new postal system by using horses
  • 9.
  • 10. Akbar’s Accession 1556 AD • Humayun died suddenly due to an accidental fall from the stairs of his library in 1556 AD. At that time, Akbar was at Kalanaur, in District Gurdaspur of Punjab. • He was crowned there in a simple ceremony at the tender
  • 11. Expansion of the Empire by Akbar • In 1556 Akbar’s guardian Bairam Khan defeated Hemu in the second Battle of Panipat. Agra, Gwalior and Delhi fell into the hands of Mughals. • In 1564 Akbar attacked Gondwana and captured it. • Akbar also expanded his empire by keeping good relations with the Rajputs. • In 1572 he conquered Gujarat. • Akbar next extended his empire towards the North-West of India. In a series of campaigns, he conquered Kabul, Kashmir, Kandhar, Lower Sindh and the Eastern
  • 12. The Deccan Campaign (1591- 1601 AD) Akbar’s first move was against Ahmednagar. The kingdom was bravely defended by Chand Bibi and only some part of it was annexed by the Mughals. In 1601, Akbar invaded Khandesh and captured the famous forts of Burhanpur and Asirgarh.