Presentation delivered during M Phil synopses seminar

1. M Phil Synopsis Seminar
Effect of dietary selenium supplementation on body
score and growth performance of male and female goats
Under Kind Supervision of
Dr. Mool Chand Malhi
Assistant Professor
Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry
By
Nabi B. Solangi
M Phil Scholar

2. SELENIUM
Introduction
Absorption and metabolism
Functions
Selenoproteins
Deficiencies
Effect on growth performance

3. (Krzyzewski et al., 2014).
Selenium | Introduction
Selenium
is an essential trace element
for maintenance of normal
physiological process
Anti-inflammatory
responses
Immunological
Endocrinological
Antioxidative

4. Selenium found in organic and inorganic forms,
mainly inorganic form is used in animal diets
(e.g. Sodium Selenite or selanate).
(Yue et al., 2009).
Selenium | Introduction

5. Selenium found in organic and inorganic forms, mainly inorganic
form is used in animal diets (e.g. Sodium Selenite or selanate).
However in ruminants the absorption of inorganic selenium is
much lower.
Ruminants = 34% (sheep),
Non ruminants = 85% (swine)
(Yue et al., 2009).
Selenium | Introduction

6. Absorption Metabolism
Sodium Selenite
Se+4
Selenite Radical
Se+4
Selenide Se-2
Excretion
Urine, sweat etc
Passive diffusion
Release of
free radical
Selenomethioni
ne in SY Se-2
Selenomethionine
Se-2
Active
Transportation
Selenocystine
Se-2
Selenocystine in
SY Se-2
Selenoprotein/ Body Proteins
muscle, milk, egg etc
GSH-Px,
SeP, SeW
+ Cysteine
Active Transport, Direct use
Absorption and Metabolism

7. Selenoproteins | GPX activity
Glutathione peroxidase (GPXs),
Thioredoxin reductase (TRs),
Iodothyronine deiodinase (TRs),
as well as two selenoproteins
Selenoprotein P (SeP) and
Selenoproteins W (SeW).
(J. Krzyzewski et al., 2014; Ahmed et al., 2016)).
• Mentioned together with GSH
• The enzyme (GPXs) found in
liver, kidney, lungs, pancreas,
spleen, skeletal muscle and GIT.
• Protects cell from oxidative damage
• Integral part of antioxidation system
• Prevent toxic effects of oxidants,
e.g. Hydrogen per oxide
(produced as a natural product during oxygen metabolism)

8. Functions
• Prevent peroxidation
• Immunity
• Neuro-physiological function
• Fertility
• Maintenance of pregnancy
• Act of parturition
• Neonatal growth.
(J. Krzyzewski et al., 2014)

9. Selenium Deficiency
• Deficiency of selenium can lead to miscarriages, early
embryonic death and spermatogenesis disorders in
bulls.
And it also causes…….
• Infertility
• Loss of pregnancy (early embryonic death)
• Retention of placenta
• Neonatal weakness
• Clinical symptoms of WMD (usually observed in kids).
(Ramirez-Bribiesca et al., 2005; Krzyzewski et al., 2014).

10. (Yue et al., 2009).
Growth Performance
Selenium
Growth
Biosynthesis of
selenoproteins
Reproduction
Health

11. Growth performance
↑ed protein and energy
intake
↑ed carcass fat +
Muscle mass
internal fat
Goats fed HC diet out on more fat
on GIT Goats usually deposit
Important
More
Colomer-Rocher et al., 1992; Kirton 1988
Less
Sub cutanious
+
intramuscular
Hango et al., 2007

12. PRESENT STUDY
Hypothesis
Objectives
Brief methodology and
Implications of study.

13. Hypothesis
We hypothesized that increasing Se level in HC-diet
May increase tissue Se
conc., and thus GSH-Px,
which may ultimately
reduce the oxidative
stress.
HC + Se supplemented
goats get better growth
rate thus body weight gain
increases as compare
to the control group
and HC diet.
Selenium

14. Objectives
The object of the present study is to compare effect of HC, LC,
HCS and LCS diets on:
• Growth performance
• Physiological variables
• And to evaluate economics
of selenium supplemented male and female goats (no.=20).

15. Brief Methodology
• Experimental Animals: 20 young cross bred female goats (4 mo, 12-13 kg
BW)
• Place of study: Livestock Experimental Station, Department of Livestock,
Faculty of AHVS, SAU Tando Jam, Pak.
• Adaptation Period: 2 weeks
• Experimental design: Five groups
LC (F)= Low concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (35:65)
HC (F)= High concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (65:35)
HCS (F)= HC diet supplemented with selenium yeast (SY) @ 0.3 mg Se/kg. diet.
LC (M)= Low concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (35:65)
LCS (M)= HC diet supplemented with selenium yeast (SY) @ 0.3 mg Se/kg. diet.
• Experimental period: 10 Weeks

16. Brief Methodology
Adaptation Experimental Period
Weeks
Slaughtering, Sampling, Measurements and Analyses
Slaughtering
Carcass characterstics

17. Feed intake= feed
offered – refusal
Parameters | Growth performance
BCS BW FCR
Initial and final BCS
Lumber region
Ribs
Sternum
Average BW on weekly basis
Average daily gain (ADG)
Dry matter intake (DMI)
Gain efficiency of each goat
FCR =ADG/DMI
Wt. gain = F W – I W
FCR
BCS 1 to 5

18. Parameters
Physiological variables Economics
Body Temperature
Pulse rate
Respiratory rate
Per KG expenditure will be
calculated to analyze:
 Expenditure
 Implementation of the research
 Feasibility report

19. Implications of the study
The research we are going to conduct will be helpful to….
• Improve production (i.e. milk, meat, calving interval)
• Formulate balanced diet
• Get rid of deficiency syndromes
• Make feasibility report for goat farming

20. Thanks for your interest….
Your Suggestions......
Solangi, M Phil (Pursuing)
drmubasher@hotmail.com