all things regarding android

2. WHAT IS ANDROID?
• It is a open source software platform and operating system for mobile
devices
• Based on the Linux kernel
• Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
• Allows writing managed code in the Java language
• Android has its own virtual machine i.e. DVM(Dalvik Virtual
Machine),which is used for executing the android applicatn.
• Google purchased the initial developer of the software , android
incorporated in 2005.
• Provides platform for developing apps & marketplace for distribution.

3.  Android was designed as a platform for software development.
 Android is open source.
 Android is free.
 Community support.
 Tool support.
Why Android ?

4. HISTORY OF ANDROID
 Android Inc. founded in Palo Alto, California, united states in October 2003 by
Andy Rubin[co-founder of danger ], rich miner[co-founder of wildfire
communication Inc.], nick sears[once VP at T-Mobile], and Chris white[headed
design and interface development at web TV] to develop.
 Andy Rubin was developed android in the year 2003-2005 with Google support
and same company took Android in August 2005.
 In 2008 the first Android device is launched, that is HTC Dream G1 which
operates Android 1.0

5. Key features of Android
 Storage
 Connectivity
 Messaging
 Multiple languages
 Web browser
 Java support
 Media support
 Supports SSL(TLS)
 Streaming media support
 Additional hardware support
 Multi-touch

7. LINUX KERNEL
•The architecture is based on the Linux2.6 kernel.
• This layer is core of android architecture. It provides
service like power management, memory management,
security etc.
• It helps in software or hardware binding for better
communication.

8. NATIVE LIBRARIES
• Android has its own libraries, which is written in
C/C++. These libraries cannot be accessed directly.
With the help of application framework, we can access
these libraries. There are many libraries like web
libraries to access web browsers, libraries for android
and video formats etc.

9. Android Run Time
• The Android Runtime was designed specifically for
Android to meet the needs of running in an embedded
environment where you have limited battery, limited
memory, limited CPU.
• Dalvik is the process virtual machine in Google's
android operating system. It is the software that runs the
apps on android devices. Dalvik is thus an integral part
of android ,which is typically used on mobile devices
such as mobile phones and tablet computers.
• Programs are commonly written in java and compiled to
byte code.

10. Android Run Time
•This is in blue, meaning that it's written in
the Java programming language.
•The core library contains all of the collection
classes, utilities, IO, all the utilities and tools
that you’ve come to expected to use.

11. Application Framework
•This is all written in a Java programming language and
the application framework is the toolkit that all
applications use.
•These applications include the ones that come with a
phone like the home applications, or the phone
application.
•It includes applications written by Google, and it
includes apps that will be written by you.
•So, all apps use the same framework and the same
APIs.

12. Contd…
These are as follows:-
• Activity manager:-It manages the lifecycle of applications. It enable
proper management of all the activities. All the activities are
controlled by activity manager.
• Resource manager:-It provides access to non-code resources such as
graphics etc.
• Notification manager:-It enables all applications to display custom
alerts in status bar.
• Location manager:- It fires alerts when user enters or leaves a
specified geographical location.
• Package manager:-It is use to retrieve the data about installed
packages on device.
• Window manager:-It is use to create views and layouts.
• Telephony manager:-It is use to handle settings of network
connection and all information about services on device.

13. APPLICATION LAYER
•the final layer on top is Applications.
•It includes the home application the contacts
application , the browser, and apps.
•It is the most upper layer in android architecture.
•All the applications like camera, Google maps,
browser,sms,calendars,contacts are native applications.
These applications works with end user with the help of
application framework to operate.

14. A number of well-recognized mobile operating systems are available in
the market in both proprietary and open-source categories. Most widely
used mobile operating systems are −
•Android
•IOS
•BlackBerry
•Windows

16. resources
Manifest
Un-compiled
resources

17. Android Versions ?

18. Code name Version number Initial release date API level
Alpha 1.0 September 23, 2008 1
Beta 1.1 February 9, 2009 2
Cupcake 1.5 April 27, 2009 3
Donut 1.6 September 15, 2009 4
Éclair 2.0 – 2.1 October 26, 2009 5 – 7
Froyo 2.2 – 2.2.3 May 20, 2010 8
Gingerbread 2.3 – 2.3.7 December 6, 2010 9 – 10
Honeycomb 3.0 – 3.2.6 February 22, 2011 11 – 13
Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0 – 4.0.4 October 18, 2011 14 – 15
Jelly Bean 4.1 – 4.3.1 July 9, 2012 16 – 18
KitKat 4.4 – 4.4.4 October 31, 2013 19 – 20
Lollipop 5.0 – 5.1.1 November 12, 2014 21 – 22
Marshmallow 6.0 – 6.0.1 October 5, 2015 23
Nougat 7.0 August or September 2016 24

19. A software development kit (SDK or "devkit") is
typically a set of software development tools that allows
the creation of applications for a certain software
package, software framework, hardware platform,
computer system, video game console, operating
system, or similar development platform.
What is SDK?

20. What is JDK ?
 The Java Development Kit (JDK) is a software development environment
used for developing Java applications and applets. It includes the Java
Runtime Environment (JRE), an interpreter/loader (java), a compiler (javac),
an archiver (jar), a documentation generator (javadoc) and other tools
needed in Java development.

21. Android Studio
 Official IDE for Android application development.
 Based on JetBrains’ IntelliJ IDEA software
 Available on Windows, Linux, Mac.

22.  Android Studio vs. Eclipse ADT comparison
Feature Android Studio Eclipse ADT Eclipse AndMore
Build system Graldle Apache Ant Gradle/Maven/Ant
Maven-based build
dependencies
Yes No Yes
Build variants and
multiple-APK generation
Yes No ?
Advanced Android code
Complition and
refactoring
Yes Yes ?
Graphical layout editor Yes Yes Yes
APK signing and
keystore management
Yes Yes Yes
NDK support Yes Yes Yes

23. Windows OS X Linux
OS version
Microsoft Windows 10/8/7 (32-
or 64-bit)
Mac OS X 10.8.5 or higher, up to
10.11.4 (El Capitan)
GNOME or KDE desktop
RAM 2 GB RAM minimum, 8 GB RAM recommended
Disk space
500 MB disk space for Android Studio, at least 1.5 GB for Android SDK, emulator system images,
and caches
Java version Java Development Kit (JDK) 8 Java Development Kit (JDK) 6 Java Development Kit (JDK) 8
Screen resolution 1280x800 minimum screen resolution
System requirements
Version 2.x

24. Oops !

25. App components
Activities
Services
Content providers
Broadcast Receivers

26. app/src/main/java/com.example.myfirstapp/MainActivity.java
app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
Developing
Android
Application

27. Storage Options
Shared Preferences
Internal Storage
External Storage
SQLite Databases
Network Connection

28. SQLite database

29. Light-weight data interchange format.
Language independent.
Collection of name/value pairs

31. PhoneGap
Virtual reality/daydream
firebase

32. Google to train 2 mn developers in Android
Tech giant Google aims to train about 2 million
developers in India on its Android platform over the
next three years to cash in on the high-quality talent
pool in the country.
India, which has about one million people working on
solutions for the Android mobile platform, is poised to
become home to about 4 million developers by 2018,
making it the worlds largest developer base.

33. Associate Android Developer Certification

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