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Moon g6 2
- 3. Lunar Landscape •Surface ofthe moon from a telescope light and dark colored areas with bowl shaped pit are visible on Moon’s surface . 1)Craters •It has impacts from space objects have formed craters or bowl –shaped depression
- 4. •Even though themoon and Earth are hit by space objects at about the same rate ,the Moon has more craters . •Earth’s protective atmosphere causes most of the incoming objects burn up .
- 5. 2)Maria •They are large,dark flat surface areas on the moon. •Maria means sea in Latin . •The smoothness of the maria led people long ago to think that they might be seas of water .
- 6. How Maria areformed ? •Maria formed when huge space objects collide with the moon’s surface. •These large areas of impact then filled with lava ,when lava cools it gives the maria their smooth appearance and dark color
- 7. 3)Mountains •They are formedaround the edges of large maria . •The mountains probably formed from same impact that formed from the same impact that caused the maria .
- 8. 4)Highlands •They are foundnear the lunar poles. •They are higher elevations compared to maria . •The surfaces of highlands have more craters than maria do, so scientists believe that the high lands are geologically older landscape.
- 9. 5)Valley They are cigarshaped depressions. Perhaps the most famous is “Alpine Valley”. New evidence suggests that the floors of some deep moon valleys may contain small amounts of ice .
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- 11. What causes phasesof the moon? •The change in the relative position of Earth ,Moon and Sun .
- 13. It’s Just aPhase •Moonlight is reflected sunlight •Half the moon’s surface is always reflecting light •From Earth we see different amounts of the Moon’s lit surface •The amount seen is called a “phase”
- 14. Waxing and Waning •Newmoon •Waxing Crescent moon •First Quarter moon •Waxing Gibbous moon •Full moon •Waning Gibbous moon •Third Quarter moon •Waning Crescent moon •New moon earth moon orbit`s earth last (third)quarter gibbous moon full moon gibbous moon first quarter crescent new moon crescent waning Moon waxing Moon SUN
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- 17. Eclipses •An eclipse happenwhen one body in space blocks light from reaching another body in space . •There are two types of eclipses : 1) Solar eclipse 2) Lunar eclipse They occur when Earth ,Moon and the Sun line up It occurs when the moon is always a new moon It occurs when the moon is always a full moon
- 18. SolarEclipse •It occurs whenthe moon makes a shadow on Earth, and this happens during the “new moon”. •In some places the moon seems to cover the sun, and the sky gets dark . •In other places ,only part of the sun is covered.
- 20. Lunar Eclipse •It occurswhen the moon passes through the shadow of the Earth this happens during “full moon”. •Earth blocks the sun’s light from reaching the moon, but the moon doesn’t look black, instead it looks red. •This is because Earth’s atmosphere bends (refracts) red light, which then reflects off the moon.
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- 22. Tides •The regular riseand fall of water level along a shore is called a “Tide” •The pull of gravity between Earth and the moon causes tides . •The greater the object mass the greater its gravitational pull •Gravity exists between the Sun and the planets and also between a planet and its moons .
- 24. •The pull ofgravity changes with distance . •In case of Earth and moon ,the pull is stronger on the side of the earth that is facing the moon . •This causes the Earth’s water to bulge on the moon facing side of Earth . •The water level rises where the bulge is and falls where it is not . •This causes the regular rise and fall of the tides.
- 25. •Sometimes ,the waythe Sun,Moon and Earth line up causes tides to be especially strong or weak . •These tides happens twice a month . •They depend on the gravitational pull of the moon and the Sun .
- 26. •When the Sun,Earth and the moon are in a line ,a spring tide occurs. •During spring tides ,high tides are higher than usual and low tides are lower than usual .
- 27. •If the gravitationalpull of the Sun and the Moon are at right angles ,a neap tide occur. •During neap tides ,high tides are lower than usual and low tides are higher than usual .