Module One - Introduction to Substations - NCCER Substation Slides

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Introduction to Substations
Module One – 82201-12

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
Slide 1
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Research
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to do the following:
1. Describe the functions performed by various substations.
2. Identify the voltage classes that exist in substations.
3. Identify the following medium- and high-voltage equipment:
• Buses
• Disconnect switches
• Oil circuit breakers
• Gas circuit breakers
• Vacuum circuit breakers
• Power transformers
• Instrument transformers
• Capacitors
• Reactors
4. Interpret a one-line substation diagram.
5. Describe the safe work practices used with substations, including
clearance zones and lockout/tagout requirements.

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Performance Tasks
Under the supervision of the instructor, you should be able to do the
following:
1. Interpret a one-line substation diagram.

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 1 — Power substation

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 2 — Transmission and distribution substations

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Table 1 — Typical Voltage Classifications

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 3 — Switching substation

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Module 82201-12
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Figure 4 — Transmission substation adjacent to a power station

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 5 — Subtransmission substation

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 6 — Distribution substation

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 7 — Underground distribution substation

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 8 — Wind energy site power flow

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Module 82201-12
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Figure 9 — Busbars, or buses

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Module 82201-12
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Figure 10 — Single bus arrangement

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Power Line Worker Level Two: Substation – Introduction to Substations
Module 82201-12
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Figure 11 — Hook switch disconnects

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Module 82201-12
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Figure 12 — Gang-operated disconnect switch

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Figure 13 — Arc horns

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Figure 14 — Loadbreak switch with an interrupter

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Figure 15 — Circuit switcher

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Figure 16 — Power circuit breaker

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Figure 17 — Vacuum circuit breaker

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Figure 18 — Live tank, puffer-style SF6 circuit breaker

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Figure 19 — Three-pole, dead tank SF6 circuit breaker

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Figure 20 — Puffer-style air-blast breaker contacts

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Figure 21 — Three 100kV oil-filled circuit breakers

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Figure 22 — Transformer operation

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Figure 23 — Multi-tap transformer

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Figure 24 — OLTC transformer arrangement

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Figure 25 — Autotransformer construction

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Figure 26 — Autotransformer

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Figure 27 — Forced-air, liquid-cooled transformer

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Figure 28 — Current transformers on a circuit breaker

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Figure 29 — Toroid (donut-type) current transformers

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Figure 30 — 500:5 ratio CT illustration

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Figure 31 — Iron core CT

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Figure 32 — Bar-style CT

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Figure 33 — Potential transformer being field repaired

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Figure 34 — Basic capacitor element structure

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Figure 35 — Substation capacitor structure

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Figure 36 — Capacitor bank

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Figure 37 — Dry air-core, three-phase reactor

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Figure 38 — Oil-filled, single-phase reactor

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Figure 39 — Substation voltage regulators

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Figure 40 — Current transformers

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Figure 41 — Lightning arresters

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Figure 42 — Collector substation single line diagram

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Figure 43 — Distribution substation single line diagram

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Figure 44 — Substation warning signs

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Table 2 — Distance to Maintain from Energized Components for Unqualified Personnel

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Table 3 — OSHA AC Live-Line Work Minimum Approach Distance

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Figure 45 — Temporary protective ground cables

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Figure 46 — TPG testing unit

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Figure 47 — Multi-range voltage detector

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Figure 48 — Using a voltage tester

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Figure 49 — Individual phase and phase-to-phase grounding techniques

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Figure 50 — Construction equipment working on incoming transmission lines

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Figure 51 — Load interrupter switches

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Figure 52 — Hot line ammeter

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Figure 53 — Grounding mat

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Figure 54 — Loadbreak tool in action

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Supplemental Art

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Course Map

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Appendix A

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Appendix B

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