Model Driven Architecture and Cloud computing are among the most important paradigms in software service engineering
now a days. As cloud computing continues to gain more activities, more issues and challenges for many systems with its dynamic usage
are introduced. Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach for development and maintenance becomes an evident choice for ensuring
software solutions that are robust, flexible and agile for developing applications.
This paper aims to survey and analyze the research issues and challenges that have been emerging in cloud computing applications with
a focus on using Model Driven architecture (MDA) development. We discuss the open research issues and highlight future research
problems.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UI ijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature. Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
This document discusses dynamic resource allocation using virtual machines. It begins by introducing cloud computing and how it allows scaling of resource usage based on demand through virtualization technology. It then analyzes the existing system of mapping virtual machines to physical resources and proposes an automated resource management system to achieve a balance between overload avoidance and green computing. The key modules of the proposed system are described as the cloud computing module, resource management module, and virtualization module. It further discusses system requirements, feasibility analysis, various UML diagrams including use case diagrams and sequence diagrams, and concludes with describing the software technologies used.
PATTERN-BASED AND REUSE-DRIVEN ARCHITECTING OF MOBILE CLOUD SOFTWAREijseajournal
Â
Context: Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) represents the state-of-the-art technology that unifies mobile computing and cloud computing to develop systems that are portable yet resource sufficient. Mobile computing allows portable communication and context-aware computation, however, due to the energy and resource constraints mobile computing lacks performance for computationally intensive tasks. Cloud computing model uses the âas a serviceâ model - providing hardware and software services - to offer virtually unlimited storage and processing resources. The integration of mobile and cloud computing has given rise to the MCC systems that are portable, context-aware and resource sufficient.
Challenges and Solution: To develop the MCC systems, some recurring challenges such as connectivity, context-awareness, portability and security must be addressed during the system design and architecting process. One way to address these challenges is to use the best practices and repeatable solutions to design and architect the MCC systems. In this research, we aim to utilise the empirically discovered patterns that support reusable design knowledge for architecture-driven development of the MCC systems. We follow a three-step process to empirically discover, document and apply patterns for architecting mobile cloud systems. Specifically, we have discovered three patterns as generic and reusable solutions for MCC systems. We demonstrate the applicability of the patterns based on a case study for architecture-centric development of the MCC patterns. The propose research aims to advance the state-of-the-art on reusable and knowledge-driven architecting of the MCC systems.
Evolution of Modelling Techniques for Service Oriented ArchitectureIJERA Editor
Â
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a software design and architecture design pattern based on independent pieces of software providing functionality as services to other applications. The benefit of SOA in the IT infrastructure is to allow parallel use and data exchange between programs which are services to the enterprise. Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a standardized general-purpose modelling language in the field of software engineering. The UML includes a set of graphic notation techniques to create visual models of object-oriented software systems. We want to make UML available for SOA as well. SoaML (Service oriented architecture Modelling Language) is an open source specification project from the Object Management Group (OMG), describing a UML profile and meta-model for the modelling and design of services within a service-oriented architecture. BPMN was also extended for SOA but there were few pitfalls. There is a need of a modelling framework which dedicated to SOA. Michael Bell authored a framework called Service Oriented Modelling Framework (SOMF) which is dedicated for SOA.
This document compares the J2EE and .NET platforms using a separation continuum model. It defines key terms related to J2EE, .NET, and distributed application architectures. The document outlines a logical tier model and a service-based architecture model for conceptualizing large distributed solutions. It aims to map the technologies provided by J2EE and .NET to the separation continuum for analysis and comparison.
Cognitive Approach Towards the Maintenance of Web-Sites Through Quality Evalu...Waqas Tariq
Â
It is a well established fact that the Web-Applications require frequent maintenance because of cuttingâ edge business competitions. The authors have worked on quality evaluation of web-site of Indian ecommerce domain. As a result of that work they have made a quality-wise ranking of these sites. According to their work and also the survey done by various other groups Futurebazaar web-site is considered to be one of the best Indian e-shopping sites. In this research paper the authors are assessing the maintenance of the same site by incorporating the problems incurred during this evaluation. This exercise gives a real world maintainability problem of web-sites. This work will give a clear picture of all the quality metrics which are directly or indirectly related with the maintainability of the web-site.
Cloud computing performance evaluation issues and challenges3ijccsa
Â
Cloud Computing makes the dream of computin
g real as a tool and in the form of service. This internet
-
based ongoing technology which has brought flexibility, capacity and power of processing has realized
service
-
oriented idea and has created a new ecosystem in the computing world with its great p
ower and
benefits. Cloud capabilities have been able to move IT industry one step forward. Nowadays, large and
famous enterprise have resorted to cloud computing and have transferred their processing and storage to
it. Due to popularity and progress of clo
ud in different organizations, cloud performance evaluation is of
special importance and this evaluation can help users make right decisions.
In
this paper
,
we
provide an
overall perspective on cloud evaluation criteria and highlight it with help of simula
tion.
For this purpose,
we present different major factors in cloud computing performance and we analyze and evaluate cloud
performance in various scenarios considering these factors.
Delivering IT as A Utility- A Systematic Reviewijfcstjournal
Â
Utility Computing has facilitated the creation of new markets that has made it possible to realize the longheld
dream of delivering IT as a Utility. Even though utility computing is in its nascent stage today, the
proponents of utility computing envisage that it will become a commodity business in the upcoming time
and utility service providers will meet all the IT requests of the companies. This paper takes a crosssectional
view at the emergence of utility computing along with different requirements needed to realize
utility model. It also surveys the current trends in utility computing highlighting diverse architecture
models aligned towards delivering IT as a utility. Different resource management systems for proficient
allocation of resources have been listed together with various resource scheduling and pricing strategies
used by them. Further, a review of generic key perspectives closely related to the concept of delivering IT
as a Utility has been taken citing the contenders for the future enhancements in this technology in the form
of Grid and Cloud Computing.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UI ijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature. Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
This document discusses dynamic resource allocation using virtual machines. It begins by introducing cloud computing and how it allows scaling of resource usage based on demand through virtualization technology. It then analyzes the existing system of mapping virtual machines to physical resources and proposes an automated resource management system to achieve a balance between overload avoidance and green computing. The key modules of the proposed system are described as the cloud computing module, resource management module, and virtualization module. It further discusses system requirements, feasibility analysis, various UML diagrams including use case diagrams and sequence diagrams, and concludes with describing the software technologies used.
PATTERN-BASED AND REUSE-DRIVEN ARCHITECTING OF MOBILE CLOUD SOFTWAREijseajournal
Â
Context: Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) represents the state-of-the-art technology that unifies mobile computing and cloud computing to develop systems that are portable yet resource sufficient. Mobile computing allows portable communication and context-aware computation, however, due to the energy and resource constraints mobile computing lacks performance for computationally intensive tasks. Cloud computing model uses the âas a serviceâ model - providing hardware and software services - to offer virtually unlimited storage and processing resources. The integration of mobile and cloud computing has given rise to the MCC systems that are portable, context-aware and resource sufficient.
Challenges and Solution: To develop the MCC systems, some recurring challenges such as connectivity, context-awareness, portability and security must be addressed during the system design and architecting process. One way to address these challenges is to use the best practices and repeatable solutions to design and architect the MCC systems. In this research, we aim to utilise the empirically discovered patterns that support reusable design knowledge for architecture-driven development of the MCC systems. We follow a three-step process to empirically discover, document and apply patterns for architecting mobile cloud systems. Specifically, we have discovered three patterns as generic and reusable solutions for MCC systems. We demonstrate the applicability of the patterns based on a case study for architecture-centric development of the MCC patterns. The propose research aims to advance the state-of-the-art on reusable and knowledge-driven architecting of the MCC systems.
Evolution of Modelling Techniques for Service Oriented ArchitectureIJERA Editor
Â
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a software design and architecture design pattern based on independent pieces of software providing functionality as services to other applications. The benefit of SOA in the IT infrastructure is to allow parallel use and data exchange between programs which are services to the enterprise. Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a standardized general-purpose modelling language in the field of software engineering. The UML includes a set of graphic notation techniques to create visual models of object-oriented software systems. We want to make UML available for SOA as well. SoaML (Service oriented architecture Modelling Language) is an open source specification project from the Object Management Group (OMG), describing a UML profile and meta-model for the modelling and design of services within a service-oriented architecture. BPMN was also extended for SOA but there were few pitfalls. There is a need of a modelling framework which dedicated to SOA. Michael Bell authored a framework called Service Oriented Modelling Framework (SOMF) which is dedicated for SOA.
This document compares the J2EE and .NET platforms using a separation continuum model. It defines key terms related to J2EE, .NET, and distributed application architectures. The document outlines a logical tier model and a service-based architecture model for conceptualizing large distributed solutions. It aims to map the technologies provided by J2EE and .NET to the separation continuum for analysis and comparison.
Cognitive Approach Towards the Maintenance of Web-Sites Through Quality Evalu...Waqas Tariq
Â
It is a well established fact that the Web-Applications require frequent maintenance because of cuttingâ edge business competitions. The authors have worked on quality evaluation of web-site of Indian ecommerce domain. As a result of that work they have made a quality-wise ranking of these sites. According to their work and also the survey done by various other groups Futurebazaar web-site is considered to be one of the best Indian e-shopping sites. In this research paper the authors are assessing the maintenance of the same site by incorporating the problems incurred during this evaluation. This exercise gives a real world maintainability problem of web-sites. This work will give a clear picture of all the quality metrics which are directly or indirectly related with the maintainability of the web-site.
Cloud computing performance evaluation issues and challenges3ijccsa
Â
Cloud Computing makes the dream of computin
g real as a tool and in the form of service. This internet
-
based ongoing technology which has brought flexibility, capacity and power of processing has realized
service
-
oriented idea and has created a new ecosystem in the computing world with its great p
ower and
benefits. Cloud capabilities have been able to move IT industry one step forward. Nowadays, large and
famous enterprise have resorted to cloud computing and have transferred their processing and storage to
it. Due to popularity and progress of clo
ud in different organizations, cloud performance evaluation is of
special importance and this evaluation can help users make right decisions.
In
this paper
,
we
provide an
overall perspective on cloud evaluation criteria and highlight it with help of simula
tion.
For this purpose,
we present different major factors in cloud computing performance and we analyze and evaluate cloud
performance in various scenarios considering these factors.
Delivering IT as A Utility- A Systematic Reviewijfcstjournal
Â
Utility Computing has facilitated the creation of new markets that has made it possible to realize the longheld
dream of delivering IT as a Utility. Even though utility computing is in its nascent stage today, the
proponents of utility computing envisage that it will become a commodity business in the upcoming time
and utility service providers will meet all the IT requests of the companies. This paper takes a crosssectional
view at the emergence of utility computing along with different requirements needed to realize
utility model. It also surveys the current trends in utility computing highlighting diverse architecture
models aligned towards delivering IT as a utility. Different resource management systems for proficient
allocation of resources have been listed together with various resource scheduling and pricing strategies
used by them. Further, a review of generic key perspectives closely related to the concept of delivering IT
as a Utility has been taken citing the contenders for the future enhancements in this technology in the form
of Grid and Cloud Computing.
The IT-GRC platform is a solution that is based on
the paradigm of distributed systems, based on multi-agent systems
(MAS) in its different parts namely the user interface, the static
and dynamic configuration of the organization management
profiles, the choice of the best repository and the processing of
processes, it takes advantage of the autonomy and learning aspect
of ADMs as well as their high-level communication and
coordination. However, these technological components are
difficult to manipulate, or users lack the necessary skills to use
them correctly. In this situation, the modeling of a communication
architecture is necessary, in order to adapt the functionalities of
the platform to the needs of the users. To help achieve these goals,
it is necessary to develop a functional and intelligent
communication architecture, adaptable and able to provide a
support framework, allowing access to system functionalities
regardless of physical and time constraints.
Development of Mobile Cloud Applications using UML IJECEIAES
Â
With the proliferation of cloud computing technologies, smartphone users are able to use a variety of cloud computing-based mobile services such as games, education, entertainment, and social networking. Despite the popularity of such a mobile cloud computing, the complicated multi-tier system configuration of the mobile application must be one of the major impediments to develop mobile cloud applications. This paper presents development processes and procedures for developing mobile cloud applications by effectively applying Unified Modeling Language (UML), a representative object-oriented modeling language. The paper is intended to enhance the development productivity of the mobile cloud application and to improve the effectiveness of communication between software developers. In addition, we used the Android mobile platform and Amazon Web Service for cloud computing in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach to systematically apply the UML profiles and diagrams for cloudbased mobile applications.
This document summarizes four architectural patterns for context-aware systems: WCAM, Event-Control-Action, Action, and architectural pattern for context-based navigation. It discusses examples, problems addressed, solutions, structures, and benefits of each pattern. The patterns are examined to determine which can best overcome complexity and be more extensible for context-aware systems.
Application Of UML In Real-Time Embedded Systemsijseajournal
Â
The UML was designed as a graphical notation for use with object-oriented systems and applications.
Because of its popularity, now it is emerging in the field of embedded systems design as a modeling
language. The UML notation is useful in capturing the requirements, documenting the structure,
decomposing into objects and defining relationships between objects. It is a notational language that is
very useful in modelling the real-time embedded systems. This paper presents the requirements and
analysis modelling of a real-time embedded system related to a control system application for platform
stabilization using COMET method of design with UML notation. These applications involve designing of
electromechanical systems that are controlled by multi-processors.
Analysis and Design of Information Systems Financial Reports with Object Orie...ijceronline
Â
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are a group effort proved resistant to a wide range of economic crisis shocks. But in the operation of their business financial management is still not transparent and are also still mixed between business finance and personal finance. So that needs to be done with good financial management. In this research, analysis and information system design financial reports as a basis for the development of the system. Software development life cycle (SDLC) using the model of the object oriented approach. With object-oriented approach, the tools used by the notation Unified Modelling Language (UML). In object-oriented approach all systems applications are Viewed as a collection of objects that allow organisasi interloking and end users to Easily understand logical entities. Object-oriented approach Provides the benefits of the reuse of codes and saves the time for developing quality product.
ADVANCES IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE SHARING AND CLOUD SERVICES FOR KSAIJCSES Journal
Â
This document summarizes research on cloud computing services and resource sharing for higher education in Saudi Arabia. It discusses several frameworks and tools for evaluating cloud migration options, including decision support systems that allow users to select suitable cloud providers based on their requirements. Case studies on cloud adoption in various fields like healthcare, oil and gas, and education are also reviewed. The document concludes that cloud computing provides opportunities to reduce costs while improving access to resources, but security, reliability and control issues must be considered during migration planning.
The document discusses various aspects of software design including the design process, concepts, models, heuristics, and styles. It describes software design as translating requirements into a finished product through iterative refinement. Key aspects covered include data/class design, architectural design, interface design, component design, abstraction, modularity, patterns, and information hiding. Architectural styles provide patterns for creating system architecture for given problems.
Customizing Model of Mobile Service Computing on Cloud of ThingsIRJET Journal
Â
This document proposes a framework for customizing a model of mobile service computing on the cloud of things (CoT). It discusses how the rapid growth of IoT devices and mobile applications has created a need for a flexible environment to support IoT applications. Combining cloud platforms and IoT applications, CoT can play a more important role across various industries and research areas. The proposed framework allows end users to generate "micro-apps" without coding by selecting from available mobile services in the CoT design. Users can customize services, name the micro-app, and design the UI. When a request is made to build the micro-app, the server automatically generates the required files and builds an Android application package (APK)
An approach of software engineering through middlewareIAEME Publication
Â
The document discusses middleware and its role in facilitating the construction of distributed systems. It outlines some of the key challenges in building distributed systems, such as network communication, coordination between distributed components, reliability, scalability, and heterogeneity. Middleware aims to address these challenges by providing high-level abstractions and services that conceal low-level complexities related to distribution from application developers. The document argues that middleware is important for simplifying distributed system construction and should be a key consideration in software engineering research on distributed systems.
The document discusses two projects - a weather update app developed in Android using an API from OpenWeatherMap, and a charity website developed in PHP using frameworks like CakePHP and Zend.
The weather app allows users to access current weather data like temperature, humidity, and wind speed for any location by city name. It uses JSON parsing to retrieve data from the OpenWeatherMap API.
The charity website called Kalpvirksha is a platform for NGOs to showcase their work and connect with donors. It was developed using PHP and frameworks like CakePHP, Zend, Joomla and Wordpress to provide features like user accounts and project listings.
Cs8092 computer graphics and multimedia unit 5SIMONTHOMAS S
Â
This document discusses multimedia authoring tools and techniques. It covers several topics:
1. Types of multimedia authoring tools including card/page based tools, icon based tools, and time based tools. Popular examples are discussed.
2. Key features and capabilities of authoring tools including editing, programming, interactivity, playback, delivery, and project organization.
3. Authoring system metaphors like hierarchical, flow control, and different technologies focused on like hypermedia.
4. Considerations for multimedia production, presentation, and automatic authoring. Professional development tools are also outlined.
A survey of models for computer networks managementIJCNCJournal
Â
The virtualization concept along with its underlyin
g technologies has been warmly adopted in many fiel
ds
of computer science. In this direction, network vir
tualization research has presented considerable res
ults.
In a parallel development, the convergence of two d
istinct worlds, communications and computing, has
increased the use of computing server resources (vi
rtual machines and hypervisors acting as active
network elements) in network implementations. As a
result, the level of detail and complexity in such
architectures has increased and new challenges need
to be taken into account for effective network
management. Information and data models facilitate
infrastructure representation and management and
have been used extensively in that direction. In th
is paper we survey available modelling approaches a
nd
discuss how these can be used in the virtual machin
e (host) based computer network landscape; we prese
nt
a qualitative analysis of the current state-of-the-
art and offer a set of recommendations on adopting
any
particular method.
Software architecture by Dr.C.R.Dhivyaa, Assistant Professor,Kongu Engineerin...Dhivyaa C.R
Â
The document discusses software architecture, defining it as "the structure or structures of a system, their elements, the relationships between those elements and the properties of both elements and relations." It notes that every software system has an architecture, whether known or not, and that architecture includes elements, relationships between elements, and elements' behaviors. The document outlines different types of architectural structures, including module, component-and-connector, and allocation structures. It also discusses the importance of views in representing architectures and notes that modern software systems are too complex to understand from a single view.
Application of cloud computing based on e learning teaching tooleSAT Journals
Â
Abstract
The demand for cloud computing has pressured the development of new market offerings, representing various cloud services and
delivery models. These models significantly expand the range of available options and tasks.Cloud computing allows changes in
businesses and organizations with more choices regarding how to run infrastructures, save costs, and delegate liabilities to thirdparty
providers. It has become an integral part of technology and business models, and has forced businesses to adapt to new
technology strategies .Now Cloud computing introduces efficient scale mechanism which let the construction of E-Learning
systems to be entrusted to all suppliers and provide a new mode for E-Learning.
Keywords : Cloud Computing, E-Learning, CloudE-Learning
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design concepts like refinement, extensibility, and design for reusability. It provides details on different types of extensibility like white-box, black-box, and gray-box extensibility. It also discusses object-oriented database management systems and compares relational databases with object-oriented databases.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may
be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine
as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several
disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature.
Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In
Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for
predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for
developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is
illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may
be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine
as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several
disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature.
Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In
Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for
predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for
developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is
illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines. Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature. Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
The document presents a methodology for developing UML models from a user interface prototype. The methodology involves identifying user interface elements from the prototype, developing a flow diagram of the elements, creating an activity model, and developing a use case model. The methodology is demonstrated through a case study of developing UML models for the login page of the Amazon.com website. Key steps include identifying UI elements like workspaces and functions, creating a flow diagram to show the main and exception flows, developing an activity model of the login process, and specifying a use case for login and authentication.
Cloud Computing: A Perspective on Next Basic Utility in IT World IRJET Journal
Â
This document discusses cloud computing and its architecture. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing, defining it as a model that provides infrastructure, platforms, and software as services. The key characteristics and service models of cloud computing are described.
The document then discusses the architecture of cloud computing, including the layers of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). It also describes the deployment models of private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid cloud.
The document outlines several challenges of cloud computing, such as resource allocation and scheduling, cost optimization, processing time and speed, memory management, load balancing, security issues, fault
Benefits and Challenges of the Adoption of Cloud Computing in Businessneirew J
Â
The loss of business and downturn of economics almost occur every day. Thus technology is needed in
every organization. Cloud computing has played a major role in solving the inefficiencies problem in
organizations and increase the growth of business thus help the organizations to stay competitive. It is
required to improve and automate the traditional ways of doing business. Cloud computing has been
considered as an innovative way to improve business. Overall, cloud computing enables the organizations
to manage their business efficiently. Unnecessary procedural, administrative, hardware and software costs
in organizations expenses are avoided using cloud computing. Although cloud computing can provide
advantages but it does not mean that there are no drawbacks. Security has become the major concern in
cloud and cloud attacks too. Business organizations need to be alert against the attacks to their cloud
storage. Benefits and drawbacks of cloud computing in business will be explored in this paper. Some
solutions also provided in this paper to overcome the drawbacks. The method has been used is secondary
research, that is collecting data from published journal papers and conference papers.
The IT-GRC platform is a solution that is based on
the paradigm of distributed systems, based on multi-agent systems
(MAS) in its different parts namely the user interface, the static
and dynamic configuration of the organization management
profiles, the choice of the best repository and the processing of
processes, it takes advantage of the autonomy and learning aspect
of ADMs as well as their high-level communication and
coordination. However, these technological components are
difficult to manipulate, or users lack the necessary skills to use
them correctly. In this situation, the modeling of a communication
architecture is necessary, in order to adapt the functionalities of
the platform to the needs of the users. To help achieve these goals,
it is necessary to develop a functional and intelligent
communication architecture, adaptable and able to provide a
support framework, allowing access to system functionalities
regardless of physical and time constraints.
Development of Mobile Cloud Applications using UML IJECEIAES
Â
With the proliferation of cloud computing technologies, smartphone users are able to use a variety of cloud computing-based mobile services such as games, education, entertainment, and social networking. Despite the popularity of such a mobile cloud computing, the complicated multi-tier system configuration of the mobile application must be one of the major impediments to develop mobile cloud applications. This paper presents development processes and procedures for developing mobile cloud applications by effectively applying Unified Modeling Language (UML), a representative object-oriented modeling language. The paper is intended to enhance the development productivity of the mobile cloud application and to improve the effectiveness of communication between software developers. In addition, we used the Android mobile platform and Amazon Web Service for cloud computing in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach to systematically apply the UML profiles and diagrams for cloudbased mobile applications.
This document summarizes four architectural patterns for context-aware systems: WCAM, Event-Control-Action, Action, and architectural pattern for context-based navigation. It discusses examples, problems addressed, solutions, structures, and benefits of each pattern. The patterns are examined to determine which can best overcome complexity and be more extensible for context-aware systems.
Application Of UML In Real-Time Embedded Systemsijseajournal
Â
The UML was designed as a graphical notation for use with object-oriented systems and applications.
Because of its popularity, now it is emerging in the field of embedded systems design as a modeling
language. The UML notation is useful in capturing the requirements, documenting the structure,
decomposing into objects and defining relationships between objects. It is a notational language that is
very useful in modelling the real-time embedded systems. This paper presents the requirements and
analysis modelling of a real-time embedded system related to a control system application for platform
stabilization using COMET method of design with UML notation. These applications involve designing of
electromechanical systems that are controlled by multi-processors.
Analysis and Design of Information Systems Financial Reports with Object Orie...ijceronline
Â
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are a group effort proved resistant to a wide range of economic crisis shocks. But in the operation of their business financial management is still not transparent and are also still mixed between business finance and personal finance. So that needs to be done with good financial management. In this research, analysis and information system design financial reports as a basis for the development of the system. Software development life cycle (SDLC) using the model of the object oriented approach. With object-oriented approach, the tools used by the notation Unified Modelling Language (UML). In object-oriented approach all systems applications are Viewed as a collection of objects that allow organisasi interloking and end users to Easily understand logical entities. Object-oriented approach Provides the benefits of the reuse of codes and saves the time for developing quality product.
ADVANCES IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE SHARING AND CLOUD SERVICES FOR KSAIJCSES Journal
Â
This document summarizes research on cloud computing services and resource sharing for higher education in Saudi Arabia. It discusses several frameworks and tools for evaluating cloud migration options, including decision support systems that allow users to select suitable cloud providers based on their requirements. Case studies on cloud adoption in various fields like healthcare, oil and gas, and education are also reviewed. The document concludes that cloud computing provides opportunities to reduce costs while improving access to resources, but security, reliability and control issues must be considered during migration planning.
The document discusses various aspects of software design including the design process, concepts, models, heuristics, and styles. It describes software design as translating requirements into a finished product through iterative refinement. Key aspects covered include data/class design, architectural design, interface design, component design, abstraction, modularity, patterns, and information hiding. Architectural styles provide patterns for creating system architecture for given problems.
Customizing Model of Mobile Service Computing on Cloud of ThingsIRJET Journal
Â
This document proposes a framework for customizing a model of mobile service computing on the cloud of things (CoT). It discusses how the rapid growth of IoT devices and mobile applications has created a need for a flexible environment to support IoT applications. Combining cloud platforms and IoT applications, CoT can play a more important role across various industries and research areas. The proposed framework allows end users to generate "micro-apps" without coding by selecting from available mobile services in the CoT design. Users can customize services, name the micro-app, and design the UI. When a request is made to build the micro-app, the server automatically generates the required files and builds an Android application package (APK)
An approach of software engineering through middlewareIAEME Publication
Â
The document discusses middleware and its role in facilitating the construction of distributed systems. It outlines some of the key challenges in building distributed systems, such as network communication, coordination between distributed components, reliability, scalability, and heterogeneity. Middleware aims to address these challenges by providing high-level abstractions and services that conceal low-level complexities related to distribution from application developers. The document argues that middleware is important for simplifying distributed system construction and should be a key consideration in software engineering research on distributed systems.
The document discusses two projects - a weather update app developed in Android using an API from OpenWeatherMap, and a charity website developed in PHP using frameworks like CakePHP and Zend.
The weather app allows users to access current weather data like temperature, humidity, and wind speed for any location by city name. It uses JSON parsing to retrieve data from the OpenWeatherMap API.
The charity website called Kalpvirksha is a platform for NGOs to showcase their work and connect with donors. It was developed using PHP and frameworks like CakePHP, Zend, Joomla and Wordpress to provide features like user accounts and project listings.
Cs8092 computer graphics and multimedia unit 5SIMONTHOMAS S
Â
This document discusses multimedia authoring tools and techniques. It covers several topics:
1. Types of multimedia authoring tools including card/page based tools, icon based tools, and time based tools. Popular examples are discussed.
2. Key features and capabilities of authoring tools including editing, programming, interactivity, playback, delivery, and project organization.
3. Authoring system metaphors like hierarchical, flow control, and different technologies focused on like hypermedia.
4. Considerations for multimedia production, presentation, and automatic authoring. Professional development tools are also outlined.
A survey of models for computer networks managementIJCNCJournal
Â
The virtualization concept along with its underlyin
g technologies has been warmly adopted in many fiel
ds
of computer science. In this direction, network vir
tualization research has presented considerable res
ults.
In a parallel development, the convergence of two d
istinct worlds, communications and computing, has
increased the use of computing server resources (vi
rtual machines and hypervisors acting as active
network elements) in network implementations. As a
result, the level of detail and complexity in such
architectures has increased and new challenges need
to be taken into account for effective network
management. Information and data models facilitate
infrastructure representation and management and
have been used extensively in that direction. In th
is paper we survey available modelling approaches a
nd
discuss how these can be used in the virtual machin
e (host) based computer network landscape; we prese
nt
a qualitative analysis of the current state-of-the-
art and offer a set of recommendations on adopting
any
particular method.
Software architecture by Dr.C.R.Dhivyaa, Assistant Professor,Kongu Engineerin...Dhivyaa C.R
Â
The document discusses software architecture, defining it as "the structure or structures of a system, their elements, the relationships between those elements and the properties of both elements and relations." It notes that every software system has an architecture, whether known or not, and that architecture includes elements, relationships between elements, and elements' behaviors. The document outlines different types of architectural structures, including module, component-and-connector, and allocation structures. It also discusses the importance of views in representing architectures and notes that modern software systems are too complex to understand from a single view.
Application of cloud computing based on e learning teaching tooleSAT Journals
Â
Abstract
The demand for cloud computing has pressured the development of new market offerings, representing various cloud services and
delivery models. These models significantly expand the range of available options and tasks.Cloud computing allows changes in
businesses and organizations with more choices regarding how to run infrastructures, save costs, and delegate liabilities to thirdparty
providers. It has become an integral part of technology and business models, and has forced businesses to adapt to new
technology strategies .Now Cloud computing introduces efficient scale mechanism which let the construction of E-Learning
systems to be entrusted to all suppliers and provide a new mode for E-Learning.
Keywords : Cloud Computing, E-Learning, CloudE-Learning
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design concepts like refinement, extensibility, and design for reusability. It provides details on different types of extensibility like white-box, black-box, and gray-box extensibility. It also discusses object-oriented database management systems and compares relational databases with object-oriented databases.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may
be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine
as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several
disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature.
Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In
Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for
predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for
developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is
illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may
be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine
as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several
disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines.
Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature.
Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In
Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for
predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for
developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is
illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
In recent past every discipline and every industry have their own methods of developing products. It may be software development, mechanics, construction, psychology and so on. These demarcations work fine as long as the requirements are within one discipline. However, if the project extends over several disciplines, interfaces have to be created and coordinated between the methods of these disciplines. Performance is an important quality aspect of Web Services because of their distributed nature. Predicting the performance of web services during early stages of software development is significant. In Industry, Prototype of these applications is developed during analysis phase of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). However, Performance models are generated from UML models. Methodologies for predicting the performance from UML models is available. Hence, In this paper, a methodology for developing Use Case model and Activity model from User Interface is presented. The methodology is illustrated with a case study on Amazon.com.
General Methodology for developing UML models from UIijwscjournal
Â
The document presents a methodology for developing UML models from a user interface prototype. The methodology involves identifying user interface elements from the prototype, developing a flow diagram of the elements, creating an activity model, and developing a use case model. The methodology is demonstrated through a case study of developing UML models for the login page of the Amazon.com website. Key steps include identifying UI elements like workspaces and functions, creating a flow diagram to show the main and exception flows, developing an activity model of the login process, and specifying a use case for login and authentication.
Cloud Computing: A Perspective on Next Basic Utility in IT World IRJET Journal
Â
This document discusses cloud computing and its architecture. It begins with an introduction to cloud computing, defining it as a model that provides infrastructure, platforms, and software as services. The key characteristics and service models of cloud computing are described.
The document then discusses the architecture of cloud computing, including the layers of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). It also describes the deployment models of private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid cloud.
The document outlines several challenges of cloud computing, such as resource allocation and scheduling, cost optimization, processing time and speed, memory management, load balancing, security issues, fault
Benefits and Challenges of the Adoption of Cloud Computing in Businessneirew J
Â
The loss of business and downturn of economics almost occur every day. Thus technology is needed in
every organization. Cloud computing has played a major role in solving the inefficiencies problem in
organizations and increase the growth of business thus help the organizations to stay competitive. It is
required to improve and automate the traditional ways of doing business. Cloud computing has been
considered as an innovative way to improve business. Overall, cloud computing enables the organizations
to manage their business efficiently. Unnecessary procedural, administrative, hardware and software costs
in organizations expenses are avoided using cloud computing. Although cloud computing can provide
advantages but it does not mean that there are no drawbacks. Security has become the major concern in
cloud and cloud attacks too. Business organizations need to be alert against the attacks to their cloud
storage. Benefits and drawbacks of cloud computing in business will be explored in this paper. Some
solutions also provided in this paper to overcome the drawbacks. The method has been used is secondary
research, that is collecting data from published journal papers and conference papers.
BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF THE ADOPTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN BUSINESSijccsa
Â
The loss of business and downturn of economics almost occur every day. Thus technology is needed in every organization. Cloud computing has played a major role in solving the inefficiencies problem in organizations and increase the growth of business thus help the organizations to stay competitive. It is required to improve and automate the traditional ways of doing business. Cloud computing has been considered as an innovative way to improve business. Overall, cloud computing enables the organizations to manage their business efficiently. Unnecessary procedural, administrative, hardware and software costs in organizations expenses are avoided using cloud computing. Although cloud computing can provide
advantages but it does not mean that there are no drawbacks. Security has become the major concern in cloud and cloud attacks too. Business organizations need to be alert against the attacks to their cloud storage. Benefits and drawbacks of cloud computing in business will be explored in this paper. Some solutions also provided in this paper to overcome the drawbacks. The method has been used is secondary research, that is collecting data from published journal papers and conference papers.
A Systematic Literature Review On MicroservicesRichard Hogue
Â
This document summarizes the results of a systematic literature review on microservices. 37 papers were analyzed to understand the current research trends, practical motivations, and emerging standards around microservices. The majority of research conducted were solution proposals (17 papers) and validation/evaluation research (10 papers). Most papers investigated microservices in the context of software as a service (SaaS) cloud computing models. Cost, performance, scalability, and deployment were common practical motivations studied. Emerging standards and tools discussed included REST, Docker, Kubernetes and service mesh technologies.
Load Balancing In Cloud Computing:A ReviewIOSR Journals
Â
Abstract: As the IT industry is growing day by day, the need of computing and storage is increasing
rapidly. The amount of data exchanged over the network is constantly increasing. Thus the process of this
increasing mass of data requires more computer equipment to meet the various needs of the organizations.
To better capitalize their investment, the over-equipped organizations open their infrastructures to others by
exploiting the Internet and other important technologies such as virtualization by creating a new computing
model: the cloud computing. Cloud computing is one of the significant milestones in recent times in the
history of computers. The basic concept of cloud computing is to provide a platform for sharing of resources
which includes software and infrastructure with the help of virtualization. This paper presents a brief review
of cloud computing. The main emphasize of this paper is on the load balancing technique in cloud
computing.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Load Balancing, Dynamic Load Balancing, Virtualization, Data Center.
This document provides an overview of ANEKA, a cloud application platform developed by Manjrasoft Pvt. Ltd. that allows for building and managing distributed applications and multiple clouds. It discusses cloud computing concepts and the need for multiple clouds and resource management. ANEKA addresses issues with existing approaches by providing programming models, tools, and APIs to deploy scalable applications across distributed networks and clouds. The document outlines ANEKA's architecture, functions for building, deploying, and managing applications, and compares its programming models including Task, Thread, MapReduce, and Parameter Sweeping. In summary, ANEKA is a platform that enables development of applications for multiple cloud environments and distributed networks through its programming abstractions and
This document discusses scheduling in cloud computing environments and summarizes an experimental study comparing different task scheduling policies in virtual machines. It begins with introductions to cloud computing, architectures, and virtualization. It then presents the problem statement of improving application performance under varying resource demands through efficient scheduling. The document outlines simulations conducted using the CloudSim toolkit to evaluate scheduling algorithms like shortest job first, round robin, and a proposed algorithm incorporating machine processing speeds. It presents the implementation including a web interface and concludes that round robin scheduling distributes jobs equally but can cause fragmentation, while the proposed algorithm aims to overcome limitations of existing approaches.
This document provides a review of simulation techniques for parallel and distributed computing. It discusses several key topics:
1) It defines parallel computing, distributed computing, and parallel and distributed computing systems. Various classification schemes for parallel and distributed systems are also described.
2) It examines several modeling techniques for parallel and distributed systems including system modeling, network modeling, performance modeling, and mathematical modeling. It provides details on parallel discrete event simulation.
3) It reviews several simulation software tools used for modeling parallel and distributed systems including SimOS, SimJava, and MicroGrid.
4) It concludes with a focused discussion on cloud computing as the latest development in parallel and distributed computing.
This document provides an introduction and overview of cloud computing. It discusses the instructor's background and credentials. The class objectives are outlined, including describing cloud concepts, technologies, and approaches. Key aspects of building and migrating systems to the cloud are also covered, along with associated costs, benefits, security issues and standards. Several reference articles on cloud computing are listed. The document concludes with an overview of cloud service models, deployment models, providers such as Amazon and Google, and a brief comparison of cloud platforms.
CLOUD COMPUTING: A NEW VISION OF THE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM cscpconf
Â
Cloud computing is a new emerging system which offers information technologies via Internet. Clients use services they need when they need and at the place they want and pay only for what they have consumed. So, cloud computing offers many advantages especially for business. A deep study and understanding of this emerging system and the inherent components help a lot in identifying what should we do in order to improve its performance. In this work, we present first cloud computing and its components then we describe an idea which attempts to optimize the management of cloud computing system that are composed of many data centers.
A service-oriented cloud modeling method and process IJECEIAES
Â
The transition of software development from web to cloud has been accelerated. The development of cloud services requires a modeling method that reflects the characteristics of cloud including personalized service, resource sharing service, grouped and distributed services, and crossplatform operability. This study aimed to suggest a method of developing UML-based cloud services suitable for the characteristics of cloud services. A cl oud service metamodel was defined using cloud applicationsâ characteristic modeling elements, and after that, how these cloud modeling elements are expressed into UML modeling elements was defined with an integrated metamodel between cloud and UML. By applying this hierarchical cloud metamodel, an MDA and MVC-based service-oriented cloud modeling process was established. By doing so, it will be possible to easily design services (applications) and solutions that are suitable for cloud computing environments, and in particular, to create hierarchical reuse models by the level of the abstraction of model-driven development.
Secured Communication Model for Mobile Cloud Computingijceronline
Â
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
This document discusses cloud computing architecture and platforms. It defines cloud computing as delivering IT services over the internet on demand, including hardware, software, and platforms. It describes the characteristics and categories of cloud computing solutions like SaaS, PaaS, IaaS. PaaS provides development platforms and automates application deployment. Community clouds can benefit specific industries by removing vendor dependency and allowing open competition.
An Overview on Security Issues in Cloud ComputingIOSR Journals
Â
This document discusses security issues in cloud computing. It begins by defining cloud computing and its service models, including software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). It then discusses that security is the top challenge for cloud computing according to a survey of IT executives. Specifically, there are concerns about maintaining security, compliance, and control over critical applications and sensitive data when using public cloud environments. The document goes on to provide more details on cloud computing definitions, characteristics, architectures, and the specific security issues involved in cloud computing.
This document provides an overview of cloud computing. It begins with definitions of cloud computing and discusses concepts like service-oriented architecture, cyber infrastructure, and virtualization. It describes different types of cloud architectures like public, private and hybrid clouds. It outlines the key components of cloud computing including cloud types, virtualization, and users. It discusses how cloud computing works and reviews the merits and demerits. Finally, it concludes that cloud computing allows for more efficient use of IT resources and flexible access to computing power and data from any internet-connected device.
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Techno...ijcseit
Â
This document discusses configuration in Software as a Service (SaaS) multi-tenancy environments. It begins by defining key cloud computing concepts like Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service. It then discusses how multi-tenancy architectures allow multiple customers to use the same application instance. The document focuses on how enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems can be configured in a SaaS multi-tenant environment through tools that allow customizing stylesheets, images, scripts, text and more for each customer while maintaining a single application instance.
Similar to Model-Driven Architecture for Cloud Applications Development, A survey (20)
Text Mining in Digital Libraries using OKAPI BM25 ModelEditor IJCATR
Â
The emergence of the internet has made vast amounts of information available and easily accessible online. As a result, most libraries have digitized their content in order to remain relevant to their users and to keep pace with the advancement of the internet. However, these digital libraries have been criticized for using inefficient information retrieval models that do not perform relevance ranking to the retrieved results. This paper proposed the use of OKAPI BM25 model in text mining so as means of improving relevance ranking of digital libraries. Okapi BM25 model was selected because it is a probability-based relevance ranking algorithm. A case study research was conducted and the model design was based on information retrieval processes. The performance of Boolean, vector space, and Okapi BM25 models was compared for data retrieval. Relevant ranked documents were retrieved and displayed at the OPAC framework search page. The results revealed that Okapi BM 25 outperformed Boolean model and Vector Space model. Therefore, this paper proposes the use of Okapi BM25 model to reward terms according to their relative frequencies in a document so as to improve the performance of text mining in digital libraries.
Green Computing, eco trends, climate change, e-waste and eco-friendlyEditor IJCATR
Â
This document discusses green computing practices and sustainable IT services. It provides an overview of factors driving adoption of green computing to reduce costs and environmental impact of data centers, such as rising energy costs and density. Green strategies discussed include improving infrastructure efficiency, power management, thermal management, efficient product design, and virtualization to optimize resource utilization. The document examines how green computing aims to lower costs and environmental footprint, and how sustainable IT services take a broader approach considering economic, environmental and social impacts.
Policies for Green Computing and E-Waste in NigeriaEditor IJCATR
Â
Computers today are an integral part of individualsâ lives all around the world, but unfortunately these devices are toxic to the environment given the materials used, their limited battery life and technological obsolescence. Individuals are concerned about the hazardous materials ever present in computers, even if the importance of various attributes differs, and that a more environment -friendly attitude can be obtained through exposure to educational materials. In this paper, we aim to delineate the problem of e-waste in Nigeria and highlight a series of measures and the advantage they herald for our country and propose a series of action steps to develop in these areas further. It is possible for Nigeria to have an immediate economic stimulus and job creation while moving quickly to abide by the requirements of climate change legislation and energy efficiency directives. The costs of implementing energy efficiency and renewable energy measures are minimal as they are not cash expenditures but rather investments paid back by future, continuous energy savings.
Performance Evaluation of VANETs for Evaluating Node Stability in Dynamic Sce...Editor IJCATR
Â
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a favorable area of exploration which empowers the interconnection amid the movable vehicles and between transportable units (vehicles) and road side units (RSU). In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), mobile vehicles can be organized into assemblage to promote interconnection links. The assemblage arrangement according to dimensions and geographical extend has serious influence on attribute of interaction .Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are subclass of mobile Ad-hoc network involving more complex mobility patterns. Because of mobility the topology changes very frequently. This raises a number of technical challenges including the stability of the network .There is a need for assemblage configuration leading to more stable realistic network. The paper provides investigation of various simulation scenarios in which cluster using k-means algorithm are generated and their numbers are varied to find the more stable configuration in real scenario of road.
Optimum Location of DG Units Considering Operation ConditionsEditor IJCATR
Â
The optimal sizing and placement of Distributed Generation units (DG) are becoming very attractive to researchers these days. In this paper a two stage approach has been used for allocation and sizing of DGs in distribution system with time varying load model. The strategic placement of DGs can help in reducing energy losses and improving voltage profile. The proposed work discusses time varying loads that can be useful for selecting the location and optimizing DG operation. The method has the potential to be used for integrating the available DGs by identifying the best locations in a power system. The proposed method has been demonstrated on 9-bus test system.
Analysis of Comparison of Fuzzy Knn, C4.5 Algorithm, and Naïve Bayes Classifi...Editor IJCATR
Â
Early detection of diabetes mellitus (DM) can prevent or inhibit complication. There are several laboratory test that must be done to detect DM. The result of this laboratory test then converted into data training. Data training used in this study generated from UCI Pima Database with 6 attributes that were used to classify positive or negative diabetes. There are various classification methods that are commonly used, and in this study three of them were compared, which were fuzzy KNN, C4.5 algorithm and Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) with one identical case. The objective of this study was to create software to classify DM using tested methods and compared the three methods based on accuracy, precision, and recall. The results showed that the best method was Fuzzy KNN with average and maximum accuracy reached 96% and 98%, respectively. In second place, NBC method had respective average and maximum accuracy of 87.5% and 90%. Lastly, C4.5 algorithm had average and maximum accuracy of 79.5% and 86%, respectively.
Web Scraping for Estimating new Record from Source SiteEditor IJCATR
Â
Study in the Competitive field of Intelligent, and studies in the field of Web Scraping, have a symbiotic relationship mutualism. In the information age today, the website serves as a main source. The research focus is on how to get data from websites and how to slow down the intensity of the download. The problem that arises is the website sources are autonomous so that vulnerable changes the structure of the content at any time. The next problem is the system intrusion detection snort installed on the server to detect bot crawler. So the researchers propose the use of the methods of Mining Data Records and the method of Exponential Smoothing so that adaptive to changes in the structure of the content and do a browse or fetch automatically follow the pattern of the occurrences of the news. The results of the tests, with the threshold 0.3 for MDR and similarity threshold score 0.65 for STM, using recall and precision values produce f-measure average 92.6%. While the results of the tests of the exponential estimation smoothing using ? = 0.5 produces MAE 18.2 datarecord duplicate. It slowed down to 3.6 datarecord from 21.8 datarecord results schedule download/fetch fix in an average time of occurrence news.
Evaluating Semantic Similarity between Biomedical Concepts/Classes through S...Editor IJCATR
Â
Most of the existing semantic similarity measures that use ontology structure as their primary source can measure semantic similarity between concepts/classes using single ontology. The ontology-based semantic similarity techniques such as structure-based semantic similarity techniques (Path Length Measure, Wu and Palmerâs Measure, and Leacock and Chodorowâs measure), information content-based similarity techniques (Resnikâs measure, Linâs measure), and biomedical domain ontology techniques (Al-Mubaid and Nguyenâs measure (SimDist)) were evaluated relative to human expertsâ ratings, and compared on sets of concepts using the ICD-10 âV1.0â terminology within the UMLS. The experimental results validate the efficiency of the SemDist technique in single ontology, and demonstrate that SemDist semantic similarity techniques, compared with the existing techniques, gives the best overall results of correlation with expertsâ ratings.
Semantic Similarity Measures between Terms in the Biomedical Domain within f...Editor IJCATR
Â
The techniques and tests are tools used to define how measure the goodness of ontology or its resources. The similarity between biomedical classes/concepts is an important task for the biomedical information extraction and knowledge discovery. However, most of the semantic similarity techniques can be adopted to be used in the biomedical domain (UMLS). Many experiments have been conducted to check the applicability of these measures. In this paper, we investigate to measure semantic similarity between two terms within single ontology or multiple ontologies in ICD-10 âV1.0â as primary source, and compare my results to human experts score by correlation coefficient.
A Strategy for Improving the Performance of Small Files in Openstack Swift Editor IJCATR
Â
This is an effective way to improve the storage access performance of small files in Openstack Swift by adding an aggregate storage module. Because Swift will lead to too much disk operation when querying metadata, the transfer performance of plenty of small files is low. In this paper, we propose an aggregated storage strategy (ASS), and implement it in Swift. ASS comprises two parts which include merge storage and index storage. At the first stage, ASS arranges the write request queue in chronological order, and then stores objects in volumes. These volumes are large files that are stored in Swift actually. During the short encounter time, the object-to-volume mapping information is stored in Key-Value store at the second stage. The experimental results show that the ASS can effectively improve Swift's small file transfer performance.
Integrated System for Vehicle Clearance and RegistrationEditor IJCATR
Â
Efficient management and control of government's cash resources rely on government banking arrangements. Nigeria, like many low income countries, employed fragmented systems in handling government receipts and payments. Later in 2016, Nigeria implemented a unified structure as recommended by the IMF, where all government funds are collected in one account would reduce borrowing costs, extend credit and improve government's fiscal policy among other benefits to government. This situation motivated us to embark on this research to design and implement an integrated system for vehicle clearance and registration. This system complies with the new Treasury Single Account policy to enable proper interaction and collaboration among five different level agencies (NCS, FRSC, SBIR, VIO and NPF) saddled with vehicular administration and activities in Nigeria. Since the system is web based, Object Oriented Hypermedia Design Methodology (OOHDM) is used. Tools such as Php, JavaScript, css, html, AJAX and other web development technologies were used. The result is a web based system that gives proper information about a vehicle starting from the exact date of importation to registration and renewal of licensing. Vehicle owner information, custom duty information, plate number registration details, etc. will also be efficiently retrieved from the system by any of the agencies without contacting the other agency at any point in time. Also number plate will no longer be the only means of vehicle identification as it is presently the case in Nigeria, because the unified system will automatically generate and assigned a Unique Vehicle Identification Pin Number (UVIPN) on payment of duty in the system to the vehicle and the UVIPN will be linked to the various agencies in the management information system.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Customer Order Management System: A Case Stu...Editor IJCATR
Â
The Supermarket Management System deals with the automation of buying and selling of good and services. It includes both sales and purchase of items. The project Supermarket Management System is to be developed with the objective of making the system reliable, easier, fast, and more informative.
Energy-Aware Routing in Wireless Sensor Network Using Modified Bi-Directional A*Editor IJCATR
Â
Energy is a key component in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)[1]. The system will not be able to run according to its function without the availability of adequate power units. One of the characteristics of wireless sensor network is Limitation energy[2]. A lot of research has been done to develop strategies to overcome this problem. One of them is clustering technique. The popular clustering technique is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH)[3]. In LEACH, clustering techniques are used to determine Cluster Head (CH), which will then be assigned to forward packets to Base Station (BS). In this research, we propose other clustering techniques, which utilize the Social Network Analysis approach theory of Betweeness Centrality (BC) which will then be implemented in the Setup phase. While in the Steady-State phase, one of the heuristic searching algorithms, Modified Bi-Directional A* (MBDA *) is implemented. The experiment was performed deploy 100 nodes statically in the 100x100 area, with one Base Station at coordinates (50,50). To find out the reliability of the system, the experiment to do in 5000 rounds. The performance of the designed routing protocol strategy will be tested based on network lifetime, throughput, and residual energy. The results show that BC-MBDA * is better than LEACH. This is influenced by the ways of working LEACH in determining the CH that is dynamic, which is always changing in every data transmission process. This will result in the use of energy, because they always doing any computation to determine CH in every transmission process. In contrast to BC-MBDA *, CH is statically determined, so it can decrease energy usage.
Security in Software Defined Networks (SDN): Challenges and Research Opportun...Editor IJCATR
Â
In networks, the rapidly changing traffic patterns of search engines, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Big Data and data centers has thrown up new challenges for legacy; existing networks; and prompted the need for a more intelligent and innovative way to dynamically manage traffic and allocate limited network resources. Software Defined Network (SDN) which decouples the control plane from the data plane through network vitalizations aims to address these challenges. This paper has explored the SDN architecture and its implementation with the OpenFlow protocol. It has also assessed some of its benefits over traditional network architectures, security concerns and how it can be addressed in future research and related works in emerging economies such as Nigeria.
Measure the Similarity of Complaint Document Using Cosine Similarity Based on...Editor IJCATR
Â
Report handling on "LAPOR!" (Laporan, Aspirasi dan Pengaduan Online Rakyat) system depending on the system administrator who manually reads every incoming report [3]. Read manually can lead to errors in handling complaints [4] if the data flow is huge and grows rapidly, it needs at least three days to prepare a confirmation and it sensitive to inconsistencies [3]. In this study, the authors propose a model that can measure the identities of the Query (Incoming) with Document (Archive). The authors employed Class-Based Indexing term weighting scheme, and Cosine Similarities to analyse document similarities. CoSimTFIDF, CoSimTFICF and CoSimTFIDFICF values used in classification as feature for K-Nearest Neighbour (K-NN) classifier. The optimum result evaluation is pre-processing employ 75% of training data ratio and 25% of test data with CoSimTFIDF feature. It deliver a high accuracy 84%. The k = 5 value obtain high accuracy 84.12%
Hangul Recognition Using Support Vector MachineEditor IJCATR
Â
The recognition of Hangul Image is more difficult compared with that of Latin. It could be recognized from the structural arrangement. Hangul is arranged from two dimensions while Latin is only from the left to the right. The current research creates a system to convert Hangul image into Latin text in order to use it as a learning material on reading Hangul. In general, image recognition system is divided into three steps. The first step is preprocessing, which includes binarization, segmentation through connected component-labeling method, and thinning with Zhang Suen to decrease some pattern information. The second is receiving the feature from every single image, whose identification process is done through chain code method. The third is recognizing the process using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with some kernels. It works through letter image and Hangul word recognition. It consists of 34 letters, each of which has 15 different patterns. The whole patterns are 510, divided into 3 data scenarios. The highest result achieved is 94,7% using SVM kernel polynomial and radial basis function. The level of recognition result is influenced by many trained data. Whilst the recognition process of Hangul word applies to the type 2 Hangul word with 6 different patterns. The difference of these patterns appears from the change of the font type. The chosen fonts for data training are such as Batang, Dotum, Gaeul, Gulim, Malgun Gothic. Arial Unicode MS is used to test the data. The lowest accuracy is achieved through the use of SVM kernel radial basis function, which is 69%. The same result, 72 %, is given by the SVM kernel linear and polynomial.
Application of 3D Printing in EducationEditor IJCATR
Â
This paper provides a review of literature concerning the application of 3D printing in the education system. The review identifies that 3D Printing is being applied across the Educational levels [1] as well as in Libraries, Laboratories, and Distance education systems. The review also finds that 3D Printing is being used to teach both students and trainers about 3D Printing and to develop 3D Printing skills.
Survey on Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithms for Underwater Wireless Sensor ...Editor IJCATR
Â
In underwater environment, for retrieval of information the routing mechanism is used. In routing mechanism there are three to four types of nodes are used, one is sink node which is deployed on the water surface and can collect the information, courier/super/AUV or dolphin powerful nodes are deployed in the middle of the water for forwarding the packets, ordinary nodes are also forwarder nodes which can be deployed from bottom to surface of the water and source nodes are deployed at the seabed which can extract the valuable information from the bottom of the sea. In underwater environment the battery power of the nodes is limited and that power can be enhanced through better selection of the routing algorithm. This paper focuses the energy-efficient routing algorithms for their routing mechanisms to prolong the battery power of the nodes. This paper also focuses the performance analysis of the energy-efficient algorithms under which we can examine the better performance of the route selection mechanism which can prolong the battery power of the node
Comparative analysis on Void Node Removal Routing algorithms for Underwater W...Editor IJCATR
Â
The designing of routing algorithms faces many challenges in underwater environment like: propagation delay, acoustic channel behaviour, limited bandwidth, high bit error rate, limited battery power, underwater pressure, node mobility, localization 3D deployment, and underwater obstacles (voids). This paper focuses the underwater voids which affects the overall performance of the entire network. The majority of the researchers have used the better approaches for removal of voids through alternate path selection mechanism but still research needs improvement. This paper also focuses the architecture and its operation through merits and demerits of the existing algorithms. This research article further focuses the analytical method of the performance analysis of existing algorithms through which we found the better approach for removal of voids
Decay Property for Solutions to Plate Type Equations with Variable CoefficientsEditor IJCATR
Â
In this paper we consider the initial value problem for a plate type equation with variable coefficients and memory in
ī¨ 1īŠ n R nīŗ ), which is of regularity-loss property. By using spectrally resolution, we study the pointwise estimates in the spectral
space of the fundamental solution to the corresponding linear problem. Appealing to this pointwise estimates, we obtain the global
existence and the decay estimates of solutions to the semilinear problem by employing the fixed point theorem
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
Â
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Â
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Â
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind fÃŧr viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heiÃes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und LizenzgebÃŧhren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer mÃļglich. Das verstehen wir und wir mÃļchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lÃļsen kÃļnnen, die dazu fÃŧhren kÃļnnen, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nÃļtig, und wie Sie ÃŧberflÃŧssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen kÃļnnen, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnÃļtigen Ausgaben fÃŧhren kÃļnnen, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins fÃŧr geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren LÃļsungen. Und natÃŧrlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Ãberblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und ÃŧberflÃŧssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps fÃŧr häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Â
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Â
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Donât worry, we can help with all of this!
Weâll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. Weâll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally weâll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Â
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
Â
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Â
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
Â
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Â
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
Â
An English đŦđ§ translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech đ¨đŋ version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
Â
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of whatâs possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; itâs a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024
Â
Model-Driven Architecture for Cloud Applications Development, A survey
1. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 698
Model-Driven Architecture for Cloud Applications
Development, A survey
Amar Ibrahim E.Sharaf Eldein
College of Graduate Studies,
Computer Science and Information Technology
Sudan University for science and technology
Khartoum, Sudan
Hany H. Ammar
Lane Department of Computer Science and
Electrical Engineering,
College of Engineering and Mineral Resources
West Virginia University
Morgantown, USA
Abstract: Model Driven Architecture and Cloud computing are among the most important paradigms in software service engineering
now a days. As cloud computing continues to gain more activities, more issues and challenges for many systems with its dynamic usage
are introduced. Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach for development and maintenance becomes an evident choice for ensuring
software solutions that are robust, flexible and agile for developing applications.
This paper aims to survey and analyze the research issues and challenges that have been emerging in cloud computing applications with
a focus on using Model Driven architecture (MDA) development. We discuss the open research issues and highlight future research
problems.
Keywords: MDA; cloud computing; application development; Design Driven Software; SaaS;
1. INTRODUCTION
Architecture models are helpful for modeling complex software
systems structure and dynamics[1].The software architecture
model facilitates cloud providers to smoothly interact with the
environment with interfaces that are embedded in all types of
objects. The development environment could be useful for
supporting applications, since they enable analysis, and
experimentation in an easy and seamless way[2].Models of
software requirements, structure and behavior at different levels of
abstraction help all stakeholders decide how the system mission
should be accomplished and maintained[3].Models consist of three
design elements: processing, data and connecting elements [4].
Background of the Study
Models are used to predict systems properties and to gain better
understanding of the systems, since changes in some parts of it will
affect the rest of a system. In addition models help to communicate
system characteristics to various stakeholders. The models are
developed as blueprints to implement the physical system, and to
understand its behavior[16].
1.1 Model Driven Architecture (MDA)
In this section we define the important terms used in this
paper.
1.1.1 MDA Definitions
Definition 1: The MDA is an Initiative proposed by the Object
Management Group (OMG)as an open, vendor neutral, approach to
software development which is characterized by the use of models
as the primary artifacts for understanding, design, construction,
deployment, operation, maintenance and modification of a system
[17].
Definition 2: Is a software development approach where the
models are used as prime artifacts throughout the process of
software development. These models are defined at different levels
of abstraction to represent various aspects of the system [18].
Definition 3: Is the Attribute Driven Design (ADD) method is an
approach to defining a software architecture in which the design
process is based on the software quality attribute requirements,
follows a recursive process that decomposes a system or system
element by applying architectural tactics and patterns that satisfy
its driving requirements [18].
1.1.2 MDA Models
The models in MDA are abstracted at three different levels:-
1. CIM(Computation Independent Model): is a software
independent business domain model that bridges the gap
between business experts and system experts.
2. PIM(Platform Independent Model): specifies the
functionality of the system independent of the technology that
would be used for its implementation.
3. PSM(Platform Specific Model): specifies the system in terms
of implementation constructs that are specific to the
implementation technology. A single PIM can be transformed
into one or more PSMs, each PSM being specific to the
technology platform on which the system would finally be
implement [18].
Figure 1.Transformation from PIM to PSM models [19].
The key to the success of MDA lies in automated or semi automated
model to model and model to code transformations. The
transformation tool executes a transformation definition that is
specified for the purpose of transforming higher level, platform
independent models into lower level platform specific models and
finally into executable code[19].
2. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 699
1.2 Cloud Computing
Cloud computing appears to be a high technology; it has inherited
legacy technology as well as new ideas on distributed systems. The
computing power nowadays is needed for massive processing
[5].The cloud architecture consists of three abstract layers:
infrastructure, platform, and application.
Infrastructure is the lowest layer and is a means of providing
processing, storage, networks and other fundamental computing
resources as standardized services over the network.
Cloud computing regards infrastructure, platform, and software as
services, which are made available as order based services in a pay
as you go model to users [1].
The wide spectrum of available Clouds, such as those offered by
Microsoft, Google, Amazon, HP, AT&T, and IBM, provides a
vibrant technical environment, where small and medium
enterprises (SMEs) can create innovative solutions and evolve their
existing services offers[2].
1.2.1 Cloud Definitions
Definition 1:âA Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system
consisting of a collection of inter connected and virtualized
computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one
or more unified computing resource(s) based on service level
agreements established through negotiation between the service
provider and consumers.â The user data and software reside on the
Internet, possibly in datacenters and clusters located in different
countries, which reduces the role of personal computer to a âdumb
terminalâ to access cloud via Internet. Computing resources are
owned and managed by a cloud service provider (CSP). Using
virtualization techniques, these virtualized resources, such as
hardware, platforms, or services, are dynamically allocated to scale
on demand according to customersâ needs. If a CSP fails to offer
the demand, the CSP may outsource to other CSPs [6].
Definition 2:According to the IEEE computer society cloud
computing is:"A paradigm in which information permanently
stored in servers on internet and cached temporarily on clients that
include desktops, entertainment centers, table computers,
notebooks, wall computers handhelds, etc." so cloud computing
provide every facility as a service . It provides infrastructure as a
service, software as a service and platform as a service[7]. In other
words is a source for the dynamic provisioning of computing
services, typically supported by state of the art data centers
containing groups of networked Virtual Machines[8].
1.3 Objective
The main objective of our survey is to identify and analyze the
current published research on model driven architecture for cloud
applications development. We aim at identifying current
architecture solutions for achieving quality of services and utilizing
features of cloud computing for building reliable applications.
1.4 Organization
The paper is structured as follows. Section 2 presents the research
method and specify the research questions and contributions.
Insection3, we present and discuss related work. In addition we
disuses the results of comparing different MDA methodologies and
identify open issues of research. Finally in Section4, we present our
conclusions.
2. RESEARCH METHOD
2.1 Research Questions and Contributions
The goal of our survey is to answer research questions as below: -
(1) RQ1. What are the research issues and challenges that are
evolving in SaaS research?
(2) RQ2. Why do we need model driven architectures
(MDA) in cloud computing?
(3) RQ3: what are the important research problems related to
using MDA in developing cloud computing applications?
2.2 Search Steps
To survey on area we follow the steps on figure below for
published Researches:-
Figure 2. Steps of Research adapted from [47 ].
Search Processes are:-
2.2.1 Search Identification
The survey carries out a mapping study to find peer reviewed
literature in order to classify and define topics related to software
architectures development in cloud computing. From initially 95
papers, we selected 51 papers related to Model Driven
Architecture, then analyzed and categorized of the papers using a
taxonomy of8 categories.
The search process covered journal articles and conference papers
available in electronic databases, namely, IEEE Explorer and
Elsevier. These databases were selected because they are available
for access and known for including high quality publications in this
area. The databases include a representative sample of the literature
produced in the subject matter as pertinent to this research. We
were interested in recent articles limited to articles published
between 2005 and 2014.
Table 1. Papers Publication Trend over Years
# Year
Cloud
Issues
MDA
&Cloud
MDA
&Cloud
Dev
1 2014 8 5 5
2 2013 10 11 7
3 2012 10 1 6
4 2011 6 7 9
5 2010 1 1 1
6 2009 - 10 -
7 2008 - 2 -
8 2007 - 1 -
9 2006 - 2 -
10 2005 - 1 -
Total 35 41 28
2.2.2 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
This paragraph answers RQ1: issues and challenges for Software
as Services. Major researchers have been mainly focusing on issues
related to security and privacy, infrastructure, data management
and Interoperability across different service providers. Some issues
and challenges that practitioners consider important are under
studied such as software related to evolving technologies.
A Number of challenges can be identified for software systems
developers and operators such as:-
3. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 700
īˇ Migrating Legacy Systems to the cloud: Such as modern the
architecture to be more service oriented, data access layer,
dealing with non functional requirements such as quality and
using agile methods in the migration process.
īˇ Software Evolution and Inconsistency in multi-tiered systems.
īˇ Software Testing such as measuring the reliability of testing
frameworks on the cloud.
īˇ Standardizing Application: Cloud models and technologies are
in their initial stage and are characterized by many critical issues
which pose specific challenges from a software architecture
perspective. SaaS model can be grouped into the following 10
factors: costs, security, availability, usability, implementation,
ubiquity, flexibility, compatibility, analytics and best practices
[13, 14].
īˇ Mobile Cloud: With the increasing usage of mobile computing,
exploiting its full potential is difficult due to its inherent
problems such as resource scarcity, frequent disconnections, and
mobility [9].Mobile devices are still resource poor. Battery life,
weight, insufficient memory and heat dissipation limit the
computational resources, and make mobile devices much more
constrained [11].
īˇ Software Development: The cloud platforms diversity and
complexity pose challenges to the communication and
coordination between software engineering and cloud providers
during every stage in the software development process.
īˇ Security and Privacy: Most papers aim to highlight the major
challenges of security, privacy and trust issues in the existing
cloud computing environments and help users recognize the
tangible and intangible threats associated with their uses [12],
īˇ Modeling and Simulation of Cloud Environments.
īˇ Business to Cloud Services issues.
īˇ Management issues.
Many of the above challenges are out of scope of our work, we
focus on Model Driven Architecture for cloud applications
development in next section.
3. DISCUSSION AND RELATED WORK
In this section we survey current work and determined different
ways to compare achievements in development methodologies for
cloud applications.
The Model Driven approach to the development of practical large
scale applications is not an easy task [40].For example, one of the
difficult problems is how to obtain models at the early phases of
development to address the concerns of different stakeholders.
3.1. Related Work
In this section we present a taxonomy of eight categories to in order
to classify the research work accordingly.
3.1.1 Data Collection (Literature Selection)
The benefits of using the MDD in cloud computing are discussed
as follows:-
ī§ To âreduce the primary software artifactâs sensitivity to the
inevitable changes that affect a software systemâ this result in
a reduction of cost, the main selling argument of MDD
approaches, Others see the main goal in an increase of
abstraction which makes the design of complex systems
easier. Since the abstraction from programming level issues
makes the involvement of domain experts easier, by providing
several different views on the same system [19].
ī§ Improve the manageability of services without abandoning
portability by create highly scalable applications and services
using the providersâ proprietary, also leading paradigm for
efficiently managing services and applications in a highly
automated manner.
ī§ Cloud Computing technology evolution, incurs additional
expenditure on part of the cloud service providers, as the
applications in the cloud need to be reengineered with newer
technologies , MDA approach is an asset which facilitates
creation of good designs that easily cope with multiple
implementation technologies and extended software lifetimes.
ī§ Towards dynamic resource provisioning and define a cloud
provisioning system based on mapping of functional and non
functional tenancy requirements with appropriate resources
[20].
ī§ Improving the quality of cloud software services making them
more robust, flexible and agile.
ī§ Models Reflect separation of concerns by separating business
functionality from implementation technology. While
traditional software design and development processes create
applications for deployment to a specific technology platform,
MDA introduces higher levels of abstraction, enabling
organizations to create models that are independent of any
particular technology platform. The strength of MDA lies in
the fact that it is based on widely used industry standards for
visualizing, storing and exchanging software designs and
models [16].
ī§ Contemporary approach to software engineering that used to
achieve greater portability of software in cloud.
ī§ Migration applications across cloud provider for specific
solutions.
Table 2. Gives taxonomy focus on eight category uses in cloud support by MDA
# Category Purpose papers Papers
No
1 Interoperability
īˇ The ability of computer systems to access, and
exchange resources with one or more other
performers and to use resources to accomplish its
performed activities according to expected
criteria.
[21];[44];[46]
;
3
2
Deployment īˇ Help developers to be able design their software
systems for multiple clouds and for operators to
deploy and re-deploy these systems on various
clouds.
[22];[23],[43] 3
3 Development
īˇ Development of software to mitigate
unfavorable effects of technology changes.
[16];[24];
[25];[26]; 4
4. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 701
# Category Purpose papers Papers
No
4
Evolution
īˇ Used as a process of developing software as a
service initially on the basis of some
requirements, also to model requirements from
iterations to be evolving.
īˇ Used to improve dynamic cloud service in
heuristic manner with healthiness validated.
[27];[42];
[46];
3
5 Quality attribute
īˇ Multi tenancy helps to determine the number of
resource provisioning to meet Service Level
Objectives.
[28];[29];[40] 3
īˇ To run and mange multi-cloud systems, allows
cloud solution that optimize the performance,
availability and cost of the applications.
[46] 1
īˇ Achieves Reliability and scalability [41] 1
īˇ Achieves Resource Scalability &Provisioning [16];[41]; 2
6 SOA
īˇ Deliver services to either users or other services;
created to satisfy business goals, using web
services to handle communications.
[34];[35];[36] 3
7 Migration
īˇ Provide holistic view to inform decisions when
migrating to clouds.
īˇ Benefits organizations to select efficient
transition architectures to increase productivity
and reduce complexity.
[37];[38];[39] 3
8 Evaluation
īˇ To analyze the impact of cloud adoption to
identify potential risks and verify that the quality
requirements have been addressed in the design,
also to determine the robustness of systems.
[6] 1
3.1.2 Data Filtering &Analysis (Extraction &
Classification)
Recently, many researchers presented in different studies
approaches to use MDD to develop cloud applications.
Distributed data environment cannot be easily moved to any
platform provider and may even cause problems to be used by
a specific service (SaaS). It is almost impossible to move a
service / environment between providers on the same level.
DaniloArdagnae.tal[6]implemented Model Driven Approach
for the design and execution of applications on multiple Clouds
(MODACLOUDS) that aims to support system developers and
operators in exploiting multiple Clouds and in migrating
systems from Cloud to Cloud as needed.
The work presented a framework and an Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) used for developing and
deploying applications in multi Clouds. In addition, a Decision
Support System (DSS) is proposed to enable risk analysis for
the selection of Cloud providers and for the evaluation of the
Cloud adoption impact on internal business processes.
Furthermore, the work offers a runtime environment for
observing the system under execution and for enabling a
feedback loop with the design environment that allows system
developers to affect performance change and to redeploy
applications on different Clouds on the long term.
However, there are many challenges such as Vendor Lock-in
[42]to a specific vendor deployment.
The main concerns of cloud providers are how to deal with
quality issues, the need for auto scaling mechanism for
interoperability between different cloud platforms[42], and for
developers to be able to design their software systems for
multiple Clouds and for operators to be able to deploy and
redeploy systems on various clouds. The portability of
applications, data between Clouds, moving applications and
data from Cloud to non-Cloud environments are not addressed.
In addition Risk Management in the DSS uses only primitive
tools and decision to support selecting and binding to a specific
target cloud.
FrancescoMoscatoe.tal[40] Providers offer new different
services to order customers' needs, Cloud Environments needs
to define value added services (VAS) since users required
increase complexity of services. The methodology uses Model
driven Engineering and Model Transformation Techniques to
analyze services , focused in using ontology to build modeling
profiles that help to analyze complexity of systems, by
developing open source platform that enables applications to
negotiate cloud services requested by users via interface and
targeted platform for developing multi cloud applications. One
of the main goals is that of obtaining transparent, simple access
to heterogeneous Cloud computing resources and to avoid
locked in proprietary solutions. However, using ontology
achieves interoperability but requires hard challenge.
Hugo & Manu Sood[41]paper explores the interaction
between service oriented engineering and model driven
engineering. The work shows how these methodologies can
benefit from each other. The paper introduces modeling as a
Service (MaaS) to provide modeling that allows the
deployment and on demand execution for services on the cloud.
There are many applications of Maas such as distributed
modeling tools to allow the specification, sharing of software
models, Definition of modeling, availability of model
transformation engines, improving scalability, model execution
5. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 702
and evolution, solving tool interoperability problems, and
distributed global model management.
However MDE models useful in the development of new SaaS
applications could be used as part of service oriented
architecture (SOA).There is no general agreement on the right
set of models, languages, model transformations and software
processes for the model driven development of SaaS systems.
Furthermore, legacy system need to evolve and be adapted to
be executed as service.
Mohammad Hamdaqa et al.[43]Presents a model driven
approach for building cloud application solutions .The
proposed approach presents a Reference model (Meta model)
that facilitates cloud applications development from the design
to implementation without depending on specific PaaS or IaaS
components. This approach can be used by developers to better
understand cloud applications independently of any specific
cloud development environment. Moreover, the approach can
improve flexibility by forcing developers to select a cloud
vendor before porting the legacy application to the cloud.
Frey and Hassel bring,[44]presents a framework to facilitate
the migration of legacy software to the cloud. The steps begin
from existing legacy systems, extract the actual architecture
then use a Meta-model to generate the target model to system
migration. A reference model starts from the cloud platform to
extract elements and vocabulary to create the cloud Meta-
model.
The model needs to refine the syntax and create a platform
independent modeling language for cloud applications.
There are several projects that aim at addressing challenges by
providing solutions for provisioning, deployment, monitoring
and adoption of cloud systems such as Modeling QoS
constraints. In addition time consuming services are identified
as a challenge for adaptive systems. Moreover handling failures
during adaptation because multi cloud systems involves
complex actions may consists of sub actions.
In addition, there is a lack of a systematic engineering process
and tools supported by reusable architectural artifacts[45].
The authors Nicolas Ferry et al.[46] proposed Cloud Modeling
language (CloudML) explain that model driven techniques and
methods facilitating the specification of provisioning and
deployment concerns of multi cloud systems , this will enables
the continues evolution of system between design time and run
time activities. Argue model driven is suitable for developing
complex systems.
Table 3.Related work using MDA for cloud applications development.
REF Author/s Approach Advantages Limitations Domain
[6]
DaniloArdagnae.tal
2012
MODACLOUDS,
model Driven
Approach for the design
and execution of
applications on multiple
Clouds.
Allows early definition
and assessment of
quality at design time.
īˇ Supporting system
developers and
operators in exploiting
multiple Clouds.
īˇ Migrating applications
from Cloud to Cloud
(performance).
īˇ Inform evolution
process to design time.
īˇ Vendor lock in on
cloud customer to
decide on adoption
model.
īˇ Risk management
used primitive tools.
īˇ Quality Assurance
need mechanisms to
be able deploy and
redeploy systems.
Business
Application
[40]
Francesco
Moscatoe.tal
2012
MOSAIC Ontology
methodology and
Framework, aims at
creating, promoting,
open source (API) and
platform for developing
multi cloud oriented
applications.
Frameworks enhance
modeling profile for
verification QoS of
cloud services.
īˇ Simple access to
heterogeneous
resources.
īˇ Design interface for
users and implemented
existing services.
īˇ Enable intelligent
service discovery.
īˇ (QoS) given for users to
avoid locked-in and for
providers to build on
demand services.
īˇ Do not provide
approaches to model
and verify
dependability during
all phases of the life
cycle.
īˇ Difficult to achieved
interoperability.
Multi Agent
System
[41] Hugo e.tal
2010
Modeling as a Service
(MaaS) to provide
modeling and model
driven engineering
services from the cloud.
īˇ Using MDE for the
development of SaaS
applications.
īˇ Using SaaS to deploy
modeling services in the
cloud.
īˇ No general agreement
on the right set of
models, languages,
model
transformations and
software processes
for the model driven
development of SaaS
systems.
SaaS
application
(SOA)
6. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 703
REF Author/s Approach Advantages Limitations Domain
[43]
Mohammad
Hamdaqa et al
2011
Defining A Reference
Model (Meta model)for
developing cloud
applications
environment.
īˇ Present Meta model
shows main cloud
vocabulary, design
elements, configuration
rules and semantic
interpretation.
īˇ Facilitates cloud
application development
from the design to
implementation.
īˇ The lack of
standardization and
terminologies
challenges portability
and migration
between different
cloud environments.
Cloud
Application
[46]
Nicolas Ferry et al
2013
Cloud Modeling
language(CloudML)
aims at facilitating the
provisioning,
deployment, monitoring
and adaptation of multi
cloud systems.
īˇ Enables the evolution
of system between
design time and run
time activities.
īˇ Enables developers to
work at higher level of
abstraction of cloud
concerns rather than
implementation details.
īˇ Model under
development and
many challenges
identified such as.
īˇ Time consuming
development
activities for
adaptation.
īˇ Techniques and
methods to prevent
failure.
īˇ Data movements
from region to
another without
legal consequences.
Multi Cloud
Systems
3.2 Discussion and Result
3.2.1 Result Analysis
In order to assess the benefits of MDA we provide a survey
analysis on crosscutting concerns within the MDA context. We
analyze MDA with respect to cloud applications development
scenarios concerns. We first discuss the literature review, and
outline literature selection based on cloud taxonomy issues
stated in table (2).Furthermore, we compare different MDA
used for cloud applications development to determine research
challenges and limitations, as shown in table 3.
3.2.2 Open Issues
We discuss some issues and challenges that need further
research in developing cloud applications based on MDA as
follows:
īˇ There is no generic cloud software architecture for designing
and building cloud applications [43], applications in cloud
need to be reengineered with newer technologies [20] to
distinguish the cloud development paradigm from the
existing ones.
īˇ Developers argue for the need for model driven techniques
and supporting tools that facilitate the specification [46]of
provisioning, deployment, monitoring and adaptation
concerns at design time and their enactment at run time. The
need to bind configuration management in order to minimize
shortcomings[19].
īˇ Need to build cloud applications that offer cloud providers
for auto scaling mechanism for interoperability between
clouds [6].
īˇ The lack of standardization and common terminologies that
challenges portability, also need to migrate application's
components between cloud providers as needed [6].
īˇ Quality of applications pose a need for developers to
be able to design their applications and for operators to operate,
monitor and assure performance change of cloud applications
to be able to deploy and redeploy on multi Cloud environments.
The above described effort in the area of applications on clouds
indicates that the topic still requires research on new
programming abstractions, developing and presents best
solutions. We believe that the work described in this paper be
a part of an interesting approach in this concern.
4. CONCLUSION
This paper surveyed research work on using model driven
approaches for cloud applications development.
We reviewed literatures of cloud computing with emphasis on
Model Driven architecture. We covered the major methods, and
summarized their features in Table 3. We also discussed several
open research issues.
The result shows that most of methods focus on the main
concept of model Driven Design to provide arguments that
justify the effort of using these approaches that promise to
reduce the overhead of developing, configuring, deploying and
maintaining cloud applications.
We believe our work provide a better understanding of
principles and challenges of developing applications in clouds
to help developers, architects and researchers to use, support,
evaluate and predict different methods and techniques.
5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Our thanks to Quarter National Research Fund (QNRF) under
the National Priorities Research Program (NPRP) grant # [7-
662-2-247] (a member of Quarter Foundation) for funded this
research.
Also we would acknowledge colleagues whom help for
gathered papers from digital resources and the anonymous
reviewers for their comments that have greatly helped to
improve the quality of this paper.
6. REFERENCES
7. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 704
[1] Chengzhang Peng, Zejun Jiang, Building a Cloud
Storage Service System, Elsevier, Procedia
Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 691 â 696.
[2] Katia Vilae.tal Model-driven adaptation of question
answering systems for ambient intelligence by
integrating restricted-domain knowledge/
Elsevier,Volume 4, 2011, Pages 1650â1659.
[3] Tom Mens, Pieter Van Gorp, A Taxonomy of Model
Transformation, ELSEVIER, Electronic Notes in
Theoretical Computer Science 152 (2006) 125â142.
[4] BasGraaf,Model-Driven Evolution of Software
Architectures, thesis, 2007.
[5] Bhaskar Prasad Rimal, Eunmi Choi, Ian Lumb,
taxonomy, issues for cloud computing Ecosystems
springer, 2010.
[6] DaniloArdagna&e.tal ,MODACLOUDS: A Model-
Driven Approach for the Design and Execution of
Applications on Multiple Clouds, IEEE, 2012 .
[7] National Institute of Standard and US Department of
Commerce Technology, âThe NIST Definition of
Cloud
Computing,â2012.http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nist
pubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf ,1=( Emerging Issues &
Challenges in Cloud Computingâ A Hybrid
Approach).
[8] Fa-Chang e.tal , The Impact of Cloud Computing
Technology on Legal Infrastructure within Internetâ
Focusing on the Protection of Information Privacy,
International Workshop on Information and Electronics
Engineering, 2012.
[9] Niroshinie Fernando &e.tal, Mobile cloud computing:
A survey, 24th DAAAM International Symposium on
Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation, 2014.
[10] AleksandarBahtovski&e.tal, Cloudlet Challenges, 24th
DAAAM International Symposium on Intelligent
Manufacturing and Automation, 2014.
[11] Xiao Ma, Yong Cui, Ivan Stojmenovic, Energy
Efficiency on Location Based Applications in Mobile
Cloud Computing: A Survey The 9th International
Conference on Mobile Web Information Systems,
Procedia Computer Science 10 ( 2012 ) 577 â 584.
[12] Dawei Sun e.tal, Surveying and Analyzing Security,
Privacy and Trust Issues in Cloud Computing
Environments, Elsevier, 2011.
[13] Cloud Computing the New Frontier of Internet
Computing, Published by the IEEE Computer Society,
2010.
[14] BjÃļrn Johansson, Pedro Ruivo, Exploring Factors for
Adopting ERP as SaaS, Elsevier, 2013.
[15] Karakostas&Zorgios, Model-Driven Service
Engineering, IGI Global, 2008.
[16] Ritu Sharma and Manu Sood, ENHANCING CLOUD
SAAS DEVELOPMENT WITH MODEL DRIVEN
ARCHITECTURE, International Journal on Cloud
Computing: Services and Architecture(IJCCSA),Vol.1,
No.3, November 2011.
[17] Attribute-Driven Design (ADD), Version 2.0,
RobWojciketal, November 2006.
[18] AnnekeKleppe, Jos Warmer, WimBast: MDA
Explained: The Model Driven Architecture: Practice
and Promise. Pearson Education, 2003.
[19] R. Gitzel et al, Using established Web Engineering
knowledge in model-driven approaches, ELSEVIER,
2007.
[20] AtulGohad and e.tal, Model driven provisioning in
multi-tenant clouds, Service Research and Innovation
Institute Global Conference, 2012.
[21] Towards Model Driven Tool Interoperability: Bridging
Eclipse and Microsoft Modeling Tool.
[22] Integrating Configuration Management with Model
driven Cloud Management based on TOSCA Towards
Model Driven Tool Interoperability.
[23] Hugo Bruneli`ere, Jordi Cabot and Fr´ed´ericJouault,
Combining Model-Driven Engineering and Cloud
Computing, Modeling, Design, and Analysis for the
Service Cloud - MDA4ServiceCloud'10: Workshop's
4th edition (co-located with the 6th European
Conference on Modeling Foundations and Applications
- ECMFA ,2010.
[24] Abderrahman Matoussi R ĖegineLaleau,A Survey of
Non-Functional Requirements in Software
Development Process,2008.
[25] Junichi Suzuki e.tal, Model-Driven Integration for a
Service Placement Optimizer in a Sustainable Cloud of
Clouds,2012.
[26] Ardagna, D. e.tal,A Model-Driven Approach for the
Design and Execution of Applications on Multiple
Clouds,IEEE,2012.
[27] Dr Kevin Chalmers ,Evolution Feature Oriented Model
Driven Product Line Engineering Approach for
Synergistic and Dynamic Service Evolution in
Clouds,2013.
[28] AA Falasi, MA Serhani, R Dssouli, A Model for Multi-
levels SLA Monitoring in Federated Cloud
Environment,2013.
[29] FunmiladeFaniyi et al., A Dynamic Data-Driven
Simulation Approach for Preventing Service Level
Agreement Violations in Cloud Federation,
International Conference on Computational Science
,Elsevier , 2012.
[30] Anders Henrikssonet& Uwe AÃman, Improving
Software Quality in Safety-Critical Applications by
Model-Driven Verification, Electronic Notes in
Theoretical Computer Science 133, Elsevier, 2005.
[31] Petra MareÅĄovÃĄ&KateÅinaPůŞovÃĄ, Application of the
Cost Benefit Analysis method in Cloud Computing in
the Czech Republic, WCBEM, Elsevier, 2014.
[32] Danny Thebeau II e. tal, Improving cyber resiliency of
cloud application services by applying Software
Behavior Encryption (SBE), Conference on Systems
Engineering Research, Elsevier, 2014.
[33] R. Gitzel et al, Using established Web Engineering
knowledge in model-driven approaches, ELSEVIER,
2007.
[34] Catalina MartÃnez-Costa et al, model-driven approach
for representing clinical archetypes for Semantic Web
environments, ELSEVIER, Journal of Biomedical
Informatics, 2009.
[35] Mohsen MohammadiandMuriati Mukhtar, A Review of
SOA Modeling Approaches for Enterprise Information
Systems, The 4th International Conference on
Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2013.
[36] J. Knodel et al., An Efficient Migration to Model-driven
Development (MDD), Elsevier , 2005.
[37] Mark Harman et al, Cloud engineering is Search Based
Software Engineering too, The Journal of Systems and
Software 86 (2013) 2225â 2241, Elsevier , 2013.
[38] Imran Khan et al, Migrating To The Cloud: Lessons
And Limitations Of âTraditionalâ IS Success Models,
8. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research
Volume 4â Issue 9, 698 - 705, 2015, ISSN: 2319â8656
www.ijcat.com 705
Conference on Systems Engineering Research
(CSERâ13),Elsevier , 2013.
[39] AtifFarid Mohammad e.tal, Software Evolution as
SaaS: Evolution of Intelligent Design in Cloud,
Elsevier, Procedia Computer Science 19 , 486 â 493,
2013.
[40] FRANCESCO MOSCATO_AND B. DI MARTINO
AND R. AVERSA, ENABLING MODEL DRIVEN
ENGINEERING OF CLOUD SERVICES BY USING
MOSAIC ONTOLOGY, Scalable Computing: Practice
and Experience, Volume 13, Number 1, pp. 29â44.
http://www.scpe.org, 2012.
[41] Hugo Bruneli`ere e tal., Combining Model-Driven
Engineering and Cloud Computing published in
"Modeling, Design, and Analysis for the Service Cloud
- MDA4ServiceCloud'10:Workshop's 4th edition (co-
located with the 6th European Conference on
Modelling Foundations and Applications - ECMFA,
2010.
[42] Tsaie.tal. ,Service Oriented Cloud Computing
Architecture, inITNG10,7th International conference
on Information Technology: New Generations, pages
684-689, 2010.
[43] HamdaqaM., Livogiannis T. and Tahvildari L., A
Reference Model for Developing Cloud Applications,
1st International Conference on Cloud Computing and
Service Science, pages 98-103, 2011.
[44] Frey and Hasselbring, Model Based Migration of
Legacy Software Systems into the cloud: The Cloud
MIG approach ,12th Workshop Software
Reengineering ,pages 1-2, 2010.
[45] Liang-Jie Zhang ; T.J. Watson Res, Architecture Driven
Variation analysis for Design Cloud Applications,
IEEE, 2009.
[46] Nicolas Ferry, Alessandro Rossini, Franck Chauvel,
Brice Morin, Arnor Solberg, Towards model-driven
provisioning, deployment, monitoring, and adaptation
of multi-cloud systems, Sixth International Conference
on Cloud Computing, IEEE, 2013.
[47] Maria Leitner, Stefanie Rinderle-Ma, A systematic
review on security in Process-Aware Information
Systems â Constitution, challenges, and future
directions, Elsevier, Information and Software
Technology 56 (2014) 273â293.
7. AUTHRORS BIOGRAPHIEES
Amar Ibrahim E.Sharaf B. Sc and M.Sc both in Computer
science, Sudan. He is IT manager, College of Computer
Studies-Khartoum at National Ribat University, also work as a
lecturer and supervision of under graduate projects since 2008.
He was worked as Software Engineer from 2004 to 2006 on
software Requirement Specification, analyzing various
companies systems. During 2007 to 2013 work as par timer in
Islamic Research Studies center (CSICW) responsible for IT
solutions and technical support. Currently, he is PHD student
at Sudan University of Science and Technology , College of
Computer Science and Information Technology (SUST), my
research interests in Software Architecture and Cloud
Computing.
Hany H. Ammar BSEE, BS Physics, MSEE, and PhD EE, is
a Professor of Computer Engineering in the Lane Computer
Science and Electrical Engineering department at West
Virginia University. He has published over 170 articles in
prestigious international journals and conference proceedings.
He is currently the Editor in Chief of the Communications of
the Arab Computer Society On-Line Magazine. He is serving
and has served as the Lead Principal Investigator in the projects
funded by the Qatar National Research Fund under the National
Priorities Research Program. In 2010 he was awarded a
Fulbright Specialist Scholar Award in Information Technology
funded by the US State Department - Bureau of Education and
Cultural Affairs. He has been the Principal Investigator on a
number of research projects on Software Risk Assessment and
Software Architecture Metrics funded by NASA and NSF, and
projects on Automated Identification Systems funded by NIJ
and NSF. He has been teaching in the areas of Software
Engineering and Computer Architecture since 1987. In 2004,
he co-authored a book entitled Pattern-Oriented Analysis and
Design: Composing Patterns to Design Software Systems,
Addison-Wesley. In 2006, he co-authored a book entitled
Software Engineering: Technical, Organizational and
Economic Aspects, an Arabic Textbook.