Modal auxiliaries & related structure.ppt
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The document provides information about modal auxiliaries and related structures in English. It discusses the simple, continuous, and perfect structures used with modal auxiliaries like may, might, shall, should, can, could, ought to, and must. It also covers modal auxiliaries related to ability, preference, need, permission, requests, advice, prediction, inference, and probability. Examples are given for each structure and use.
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Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that modify the meaning of the main verb in a sentence. They can express ideas like ability, permission, obligation, possibility, and future intention. There are three categories of modal verbs: single concept modals which have one meaning, double concept modals which can have two meanings depending on context, and perfect modals which are used to talk about past possibilities or obligations. Some common modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, and ought to.
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This document discusses English modal auxiliaries used to express possibility, necessity, prohibition, and logical conclusions. It explains that may, might, and could are used to express possibility in the present or future. May is also used to give permission. Should, ought to, and had better express advice or suggestion. Have to and must express necessity or obligation. Don't have to expresses lack of necessity, while must not expresses prohibition. Logical conclusions are expressed using must.
Modal auxiliaries
The document discusses different modal auxiliary verbs in English including can, could, will, would, shall, should, have to, and must. It provides examples of how each modal verb is used to express abilities, permissions, requests, suggestions, offers and invitations. Key functions of modal verbs include expressing ability, permission, requests, advice, and offers. Examples are given for each modal verb along with an exercise and sources for further information.
Modal Auxiliaries Overview
Modal verbs are used to express opinions about actions or states rather than stating facts. They indicate the speaker's mode of thinking and include verbs like may, can, must, should. Modal verbs are always accompanied by a main verb and do not change form based on subject. They are placed before the subject in questions and not is placed after in negatives. Phrasal modal expressions using verbs like be able to are also used to express modal meanings when multiple meanings are needed in one sentence or when the modal verb lacks a past tense form. Mastering the use of modal verbs and phrasal modal expressions is important for clear communication in English.
Modal verbs
Modal verbs are used to express obligation, permission, possibility and other attitudes. Some common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, must, shall, should and would. Modal verbs have certain grammatical features - they are invariant, do not require do-support in questions/negatives, and are followed by the bare infinitive. Other verbs like have to, be able to and need to share some uses with modals but do not have all the same features. Modal verbs are used to express different levels of possibility, necessity, permission, requests and offers.
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Modal auxiliaries & related structure.ppt
- 1. K 1 - 2 0 1 2 Modal Auxiliaries & Related Structure
- 2. Modal Auxiliaries May/ Might Shall/ Should Can/ Could Ought to Must Will/ Would
- 3. Structures Structures Forms Examples Simple modal+verb We should study hard. Continuous modal+be+present participle We may be winning this contest. Perfect modal+have+past participle They must have arrived on time. Perfect Continuous modal+have been+present participle Mia might have been waiting for us.
- 4. Structures Related to Modal Auxiliaries Modal Auxiliary Related Structure can, could be able to can, may, might be allowed to must have to, have got to ought to, should be supposed to, had better, need to shall, will be going to, be about to
- 5. Modals of Inference, Prediction, and Probability Inference Present or Future Past must has to may might could must have may have might have could have
- 6. Prediction Affirmative Negative will should could may might will not should not cannot could not may not might not
- 7. Probability Present Past must (not) + simple formc must (not) have + past participle
- 8. Modal of Social Interaction Making Requests Asking for Permission Giving Advice and Making Suggestions Would you mind…. Would you… Could you… Can you… Will you… Might I… May I… Could I… Can I… You must… You should… You ought to… You might… You could…
- 9. Other Modals and Their Uses Expressing Abilities Showing Preference Expressing Urgent Need Expressing Lack of Need Can Could would rather would prefer must must not have to have got to not have to
- 10. NOTE!!!! *Do not use modals for things which happen definitely. ex: The sun: The sun rises in the east. *Modals do not have an -s in the 3rd person singular. ex: She can speak English. *Questions are formed without do/does/did. ex: Can you understand it?
- 11. Thank you…