Dual-tone-multiple-frequency (DTMF) controlled vehicle is a specific idea in automotive whose actions can be controlled by a mobile phone from all over the world using the DTMF signaling. Traditionally wireless controlled vehicles make use of RF (radio frequency) circuits, which have its own disadvantages of restricted operational range, limited frequency range and limited control. Use of mobile phones for robotic controls provides working range as large as the coverage area of the service provider and no interference with other controllers. I can propose a microcontroller based less effort oriented, cost productive hockey ground roller with smooth pitch rolling technique operated from long range distance by using Mobile phone which acts as a DTMF signal controller with GSM technology. Generally the field of play is 91.4 by 55.0 meters with an area of 5,027 square meters for Hockey. According to my proposed work ground authority can be able to operate that roller to roll aforesaid measurement from pavilion without taking any help of ground staff. Combination of DTMF-GSM technology is more controller friendly as it doesn’t interfere with other controllers and can use up to twelve controls. It also has the advantages of robust control and provides working range as large as the coverage area of the service provider.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Aim of project is to make use of mobile phone to control robot movement
The movement is controlled by pressing relevant keys on a mobile phone that makes a call to another mobile phone attached to the robot.
This is a simple DTMF based Cellphone controlled robotic vehicle using Microcontroller which is used for wide range of purposes in military and law enforcement, search and rescue operations and scientific purposes.
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering(IOSR-JEEE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electrical and electronics engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electrical and electronics engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Arm Robot Surveillance Using Dual Tone Multiple Frequency TechnologyIJERA Editor
Surveillance place a pivotal role in addressing a wide range of security challenges .In the present paper we propose a Dual Tone Multiple Frequency ( DTMF) based Robot with video surveillance. In the proposed model a DTMF based Robot with video surveillance with multiple key functions, Arm picker and security system was implemented. Master and slave concept using 3 Microcontroller and motor driver IC to drive motors was implemented and belt wheel platform was used to move the robot from one place to another. Multiple key functions were used to perform more functions and a camera for surveillance .The robot can navigate with the help of the user.
A proof of concept how a land rover could be handled using a cell phone. Using a MT8870 series DTMF decoder, Atmega16 AVR microcontroller, L293D motor driver and 74LS04 NOT gate.
Although the appearance and the capabilities of robots vary vastly, all robots share the feature of a mechanical, movable structure under some form of control. The Control of robot involves three distinct phases: perception, processing and action. Generally, the preceptors are sensors mounted on the robot, the processing is done by the on-board microcontroller or processor, and the task is performed using motors or with some other actuators.
Part of our 3rd year-end Summer project.
Aim of project is to make use of mobile phone to control robot movement
The movement is controlled by pressing relevant keys on a mobile phone that makes a call to another mobile phone attached to the robot.
This is a simple DTMF based Cellphone controlled robotic vehicle using Microcontroller which is used for wide range of purposes in military and law enforcement, search and rescue operations and scientific purposes.
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering(IOSR-JEEE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electrical and electronics engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electrical and electronics engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Arm Robot Surveillance Using Dual Tone Multiple Frequency TechnologyIJERA Editor
Surveillance place a pivotal role in addressing a wide range of security challenges .In the present paper we propose a Dual Tone Multiple Frequency ( DTMF) based Robot with video surveillance. In the proposed model a DTMF based Robot with video surveillance with multiple key functions, Arm picker and security system was implemented. Master and slave concept using 3 Microcontroller and motor driver IC to drive motors was implemented and belt wheel platform was used to move the robot from one place to another. Multiple key functions were used to perform more functions and a camera for surveillance .The robot can navigate with the help of the user.
A proof of concept how a land rover could be handled using a cell phone. Using a MT8870 series DTMF decoder, Atmega16 AVR microcontroller, L293D motor driver and 74LS04 NOT gate.
Although the appearance and the capabilities of robots vary vastly, all robots share the feature of a mechanical, movable structure under some form of control. The Control of robot involves three distinct phases: perception, processing and action. Generally, the preceptors are sensors mounted on the robot, the processing is done by the on-board microcontroller or processor, and the task is performed using motors or with some other actuators.
Part of our 3rd year-end Summer project.
Application of dual tone multi frequency technology and sensing in autonomous...eSAT Journals
Abstract The goal of this project is to use DTMF decoders, sensors and micro-controllers to control autonomous navigation of a robot between a start and end point along a fixed path. This has very practical applications, eg. a mobile phone can be used to start the car and allow it to autonomously drive itself to a pick up point and vehicles in warehouses to carry goods from point A to point B, etc. A DTMF decoder is interfaced with the microcontroller, and a phone on auto answer mode is connected to the decoder. When the robot is called and a number on the user’s phone is pressed, the tone is sent to the decoder, which decodes and sends a signal to the microcontroller, and the robot is started. To avoid obstacles the robot has inbuilt Infrared sensors which detect obstacles and inform the microcontroller, which accordingly guides the robot. In this setup only three sensors were used given the limitation in terms of input ports. However, a greater number of sensors would allow for the robot to be aware of more specific situations. Therefore, it can be made more adaptable in varying situations. The test robot was programmed using Embedded C with AVR Studios. This approach uses existing technologies and is very inexpensive. Index Terms: Drivers, Autonomous and Navigate
Wireless control system for spy devices based dual tone multi frequency techn...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Obtaining information is one of the most important requirements for intelligence works, spy surveillance cameras and listening devices are among the important means for this. One problem of using these means is a mechanism of controlling them to sustain their work efficiently for the perpetuating of achieving the purpose of their installation. In this research, the problem of controlling these devices has been overcome, by designing asystem dependent on the dual tone multi frequency (DTMF) and global system for mobile(GSM) networks. In the proposed work, designing and implementing a system to remotely and wirelessly control of the movement of spy cameras in all directions as well as the ability to control the on/off listing audio device anytime and anywhere. The proposed mechanism is implementedby dividing the work into nine modes, with each one performing one specificfunction. These work modes are used to control all system activities such as control the horizontal directional motor (HDM) to change the spy camera in different horizontal directions, control the vertical directional motor (VDM) to change the camera in vertical directions and control the working status of the listening device.
What is DTMF Decoder , introduction , working of DTMF Decoder , block diagram of DTMF Decoder , components and Implementation of DTMF Decoder
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ECE Projects for Final Year, Embedded Projects in Bangalore, Engineering Projects in Bangalore, Final Year Projects in Vijayanagar, ECE projects in Vijayanagar, Embedded Project institute in Vijayanagar
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using GSM and ARDUINO BOARD."Disha Modi
Automatic irrigation is a form of irrigation system that incorporates the theory of control, power of wireless technology and feedback system with irrigation. The aim of our project is not only to minimize this manual intervention by the farmer in farm field, but also to successfully water garden plants planted in pots too. Which is why we are using micro- controller based Automated Irrigation system will serve the following purposes: 1) As there is no un-planned usage of water, a lot of water is saved from being wasted. 2) The irrigation is done only when there is not enough moisture in the soil and the microcontroller decides when should the pump be turned on/off, saves a lot time for the farmers. This also gives much needed rest to the farmers and helps, as they don’t have to go and turn the pump on/off manually. 3)This irrigation system can be monitor by user wirelessly. User can receive notification and can provide proper commands via his cell phone whenever necessary.
For more information refer Project Report file attached here.
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using Arduino and GSM board"Disha Modi
Automatic irrigation is a form of irrigation system that incorporates the theory of control, power of wireless technology and feedback system with irrigation. The aim of our project is not only to minimize this manual intervention by the farmer in farm field, but also to successfully water garden plants planted in pots too. Which is why we are using micro- controller based Automated Irrigation system will serve the following purposes: 1) As there is no un-planned usage of water, a lot of water is saved from being wasted. 2) The irrigation is done only when there is not enough moisture in the soil and the microcontroller decides when should the pump be turned on/off, saves a lot time for the farmers. This also gives much needed rest to the farmers and helps, as they don’t have to go and turn the pump on/off manually. 3)This irrigation system can be monitor by user wirelessly. User can receive notification and can provide proper commands via his cell phone whenever necessary.
Electronic Control of Unguided Airborne Vehicle (UAV)IJERA Editor
The paper deals with building an electronic remote control circuit for Unguided Airborne Vehicle (UAV) based on implementing Dual Tone Multiple Frequency decoder ( DTMF) .A microcontroller is used in the design to analyze and execute the commands arriving to the UAV . A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD ) is implemented to show the results during the circuit development and test phase. The control of the UAV is done from the ground using a mobile or a personnel computer (PC) supplied with a modem. The DTMF decoder output is connected to the microcontroller which analyzes the commands and accordingly execute them on the control parts in the UAV . The microcontroller issues orders and display the operations on the LCD . The circuit design assumes the presence of an operating GSM network for the transmission of the control commands .The airborne platform model is a small aircraft carrying the electronic circuit on board. Three stepper motors are used as a means of control to the wings, elevators and rudders in the UAV. .The electronic circuit on board the UAV is well protected to ensue safety of the hardware and perfect performance.
Similar to Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Microcontroller Based Hockey-ground Rolling Technique (20)
GM Distributed Generation Inverters in a Micro grid by Controlling Energy Man...IOSRJEEE
This project introduces a micro grid, which consists of different distributed generation units which are connected to the distribution grid. The operations of the DG units are coordinated by the power management algorithm in grid and islanded operations. The primary generation unit of the micro grid is the wind turbine and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used to supplement the variability in the power. In micro grid a battery is incorporated to overcome the difficulty of shortage of power demand during Islanded operation and to improve crest demands throughout grid connected operation. Previously the power management system was done using model predictive algorithm control design. Which has complex mathematical calculations to find out critical values Now in this project, ANFIS controller is used as the control design which reduces the design complexity as the logical operations are performed to find out critical values, the power quality such as harmonic compensation for nonlinear loads of the distribution system, will be improved when compared to model predictive algorithm control design and also It has fast response. The complete proposed system will be tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the simulation results reveal the attractive performance characteristics of the proposed system.
Load Performances of a PIC Based Speed Governor for Micro Hydro Power PlantIOSRJEEE
In the study; a micro hydro power plant prototype was designed with a 750 Wcross flow type turbine and a 500 W generator. Control operations are realized by using a PIC16F877 microcontroller. The voltage frequency obtained from the generator were measured with the zero crossing circuit and transferred to the microcontroller. Using the micro controller, depending on the frequency error, the PWM signal was formed. The PWM signal was applied through the H bridge circuit to the DC motor which drives the setting wing. The rotation movement of the motor was transferred to the setting wing through a threaded rod and a mechanical arm. When setting of the number of turns on the turbine, the value of the frequency of the used 500 W generator working in conjunction with the turbine could be kept on desired levels. After the design,Loading and load shedding performances of the designed system were examined and discussed.
A New Design in Parabolic Trough Using Heat RetentionIOSRJEEE
The paper gives the summary of new design of parabolic trough using heat retention method. It gives a brief idea of on heat retention and describes about the components and operation of parabolic trough. This is an updating of parabolic trough collector system. The advantages collectors are also discussed
Investigation of Power Quality Indices in Jordanian Distribution GridIOSRJEEE
he sensitivity and the highly connected modern power systems make Power quality problems a priority in these systems. Both utilities and consumers have essential role in dealing with these problems. It is utilities responsibility to provide a clean and reliable power. On the other hand, it is consumer’s responsibility to draw power with acceptable indices. In this Paper, the type of the consumer’s facility is chosen as a basis for managing power quality indices. In this paper, comprehensive power quality in Jordan Low-Voltage Electrical Power Grid is measured. The loads are divided into five categories: : (i) industrial loads, (ii) commercial loads, (iii) hospital loads, (iv) residential loads, and (v) office loads. Assuming each category will affect the grid in similar way, which will facilitate prediction of power quality problems. Also, this methodology will help proposing new regulation that governs the relation between utilities and consumers. The power quality indices considered in this paper are; THD, Crest factor, K-factor, Power factor, Harmonic to active power ratio, Voltage imbalance, and Frequency variations. The results show similar results for the loads with the same type. Also, the results show the correlation between the current total harmonic distortion and utility voltages and neutral-to-ground voltage, and between voltage and current imbalance.
Improving Distribution System Performance in Deregulated Electricity Industry...IOSRJEEE
In many developing countries, domestic electricity consumers having single phase appliances are most times supplied with single phase meters with incoming three phase supply lines. Due to frequent phase faults, these customers often change their supply from one phase to another whenever there is low voltage or no supply in the phase they are currently connected to. This action coupled with the fact that there is uneven distribution of loads on the distribution transformers in residential areas, lead to more transformer overload with consequential loss of power, equipment, man-hours, revenue and in extreme cases, life. When electricity was treated as a welfare commodity or as part of government social responsibility, these consequences where ignored. But with commercialization, privatization and deregulation, cost minimization and profit maximization have become the watchwords. As a means of minimizing this, utilizing the concept of phase-constrained electricity billing scheme in the deregulated Nigerian Power Industry was presented in this work. The phaseconstrained billing model involves re-arranging the service lines and setting up constraint matrices to relate the phase and service lines utilizable by customer to the electricity bill using penalty factors. To test the acceptability of this model, a customer behavior and utilization index based questionnaires were administered in the field. The survey was analyzed using the statistical attitude measurement technique based on the 5-point Likert Scale. The responses obtained showed that introducing a penalty factor in the billing which ensure that those using more phases pay higher will minimize frequent change of phases; and provide a direction for utilities and customers in resolving the power quality and availability problems associated with frequent phase changing.
High Efficiency Dc-Dc Converter for Renewable Energy Applications and High Vo...IOSRJEEE
Renewable sources like solar PV cell is prefer to be operated at low voltages. This paper proposes a novel high voltage gain, high efficiency dc-dc converter based on coupled inductor, intermediate capacitor. The input energy acquired from the source is first stored in the coupled inductor and intermediate capacitor in a lossless manner. Improve the voltage gain and efficiency of the system. Exorbitant duty cycle values are not required for high voltage gain, when prevent the problems such as diode reverse recovery. Presence of a passive clamp network causes reduced voltage stress on the switch. Overall performance of the renewable energy with a step-up DC/DC converter using closed loop control action is used in the proposed system, improving the overall efficiency of the system.
Performance Indicators For Grid-Connected PV Systems: A Case Study In Casabla...IOSRJEEE
The main goal of this paper is to compare a one year performance of 5.94 KWp grid-connected PV module technology systems, constituted by three types of photovoltaic solar panels (Monocrystalline (mc-Si) (2.04KWp), polycrystalline (pc-Si) (2.04KWp) and amorphous (a-Si) (1.86 KWp))-silicon installed on the roof of the faculty of science Ben M’sik Casablanca. The study is based on the data collected along 2 years (2015- 2016) about energy production. The elements of performance evaluated monthly and annually include: energy output, system efficiency, reference yield, final yield, performance ratio, annual capacity factor and CO2 emissions avoided. The investigation of the annual: productivity (EAC,Y), system efficiency (Ƞ푠푦푠 ,푌 ), performance ratio (PR), capacity factor (CF) and amount of CO2 emissions avoided for a-Si are found as 2941.15KWh, 7.21%, 73.1%, 18.05% and 1.765tonsrespectively. EAC,Y, Ƞ푠푦푠,푌 , PR, CF and amount of CO2 emissions avoided for pc-Si are found as 3331.15KWh, 11.4%, 75.6%, 18.64% and 1.999tons respectively. Mc-Si installation exhibits slightly higher values of EAC,Y, Ƞ푠푦푠 ,푌 , PR, CF and amount of CO2 emissions avoided which are 3370.89KWh, 11.7%, 76.7%, 18.86% and 2.023tons respectively. The results show that mc-Si system presents the best performance followed by pc-Si and by a-Si. In addition, a developed study was carried out to establish the relation between the efficiency and temperature, performance ratios and radiation, in order to know the behavior of each technology for each period of the year and for the whole year. Without forgetting a comparison of all results found with the previous studies in different locations.
A Review of Gas Sensors Based on Semiconducting Metal OxideIOSRJEEE
This study intends to provide a review of recent progress in gas sensors based on several theoretical and empirical investigations regarding semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures. Modified or doped oxide nano-wires, device structures such as electronic noses and low power consumption self-heated gas sensors, and their gas sensing performance has also been evaluate. Finally, the researcher also point out some challenges for prospect investigation and practical application.
Stability Control System for a Two-WheelerIOSRJEEE
A two-wheeler is statically unstable but as the speed increases vehicle achieves stability. At low speed, the vehicle loses its stability. In order to achieve stability, the driver has to balance the vehicle. While negotiating a curve, a vehicle has to lean to a certain angle, if this angle exceeds the certain value, the vehicle tends to skid. In this paper the stability control system is incorporated, so that a vehicle will maintain stability even at low speeds. The stability of a two-wheeler depends on weight distribution, tyre dynamics, speed and steering angle. In this paper, only two parameters are considered, one is steering effect and another one is speed. For developing a simplified model, the speed of the vehicle is kept as constant, using which the effect of steering angle is analysed and accordingly a controller is incorporated for providing stability.
Voltage Sag and Swell Identification Using FFT Analysis and Mitigation with DVRIOSRJEEE
- Power quality issues like voltage sag, swell, harmonics and transients can affect the power system performance. Voltage sag and swell are now-a-days treated to reduce power quality issues by power engineers. A small variation in voltage can badly affect the operation of power system and connected loads as well. This paper presents the voltage sag and voltage swell identification using FFT analysis. The paper also presents the mitigation for identified voltage sag and swells issues addressed with DVR. DVR consists of a voltage source converter and is controlled with d-q theory which is simple producing reference signals and gate pulses for switches of DVR. The proposed concept was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and results were presented for identification and mitigation. FFT analyses for identification of voltage sags and swell existence in different phases of power system network were shown. Mitigation of voltage sag and swell with DVR was also shown with results
Design of Intrusion Tolerance System based on Service Redundancy LevelIOSRJEEE
The Internet is an open space where a great number of computer systems are connected. Since many services are provided through the Internet, malicious users can easily intrude on any of those systems by using the vulnerabilities of the Internet. Although Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) can be used to defend against such malicious activities, it is not always possible to completely protect a targeted system against the attacks. For this reason, Intrusion Tolerance Systems (ITS) has been proposed to maintain services even in threatening environments, where some malicious attacks have intruded into a system successfully. In this paper, we propose a new ITS based upon maintaining a service redundancy level to ensure that all services are properly provided to users even if a malicious intrusions such as VM (virtual machine) escape attack exists. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can guarantee the operation of every ongoing service by maintaining the service redundancy level of all services
Compensation of Harmonics of Fully Controlled Loads by Using SAHFIOSRJEEE
In this paper, Three Phase Shunt Active Harmonic Filter is used for harmonic compensation of fully Controlled loads by using new thyristorized Pulse Generator Circuits which generates 12 Pulses for two NonLinear three phase Loads. The three phase Non-Linear Loads are connected at the secondary of three phase Transformers with Three Phase Breakers having Transition time 5/60seconds. A new Pulse Generator topology is used for generating pulses for each of three phase non-linear loads. The Circuit used for Compensation of Harmonics having three phase IGBT based Inverter. The IGBT base d Shunt Active Harmonic Filter gets firing Pulses from PLL phase Locked Loop& Hysteresis Switching HS. The used PLL extracts the Fundamental component of load current which is then multiplied with same RMS gain for generating the Reference current for Hysteresis Current Controller. The used Hysteresis Current Controller compares the reference current
Design of Half Bridge LLC Resonant Converter for Low Voltage Dc ApplicationsIOSRJEEE
An advanced hybrid LLC series resonant converter with united flying-capacitor cell is proposed in this paper to permit the high step-down conversion in the high input voltage applications. The in-built flyingcapacitor branch in the primary side can efficiently share out the primary switch voltage stress related with the half-bridge LLC converters. And the input voltage can be shared correspondingly and automatically between the two series half-bridge components lacking additional balance circuit or control strategies owing to the built-in flying- capacitor cell. Likewise, the inherent soft switching performance in extensive load range that exists in the LLC converters is still kept to decrease the switching losses, which ensures the high efficiency. In addition, the proposed converter can be comprehensive to reduce the switch voltage stress byemploying stacked connection. Finally, a 500∼640 Vinput 48 Voutput 1 kW prototype is built and tested to verify the efficiency of the proposed converter. The results prove that the proposed converter is an excellent candidate for the high input voltage and high step-down dc/dc conversion systems.
Design of the Pulse Oximetry Measurement Circuit and Its Sensing System Based...IOSRJEEE
The pulse oximetry circuit and its sensing system is designed based on the standard CMOS technology of 0.18um. The reflection oxygen sensor is used to collect the pulse oximeter signal of human body, then the collected physiological signals are processed by the data processing circuit The data processing circuit is composed of two parts: the amplifying circuit and the band-pass filter circuit, and the pulse oximeter data processed by the data processing circuit is written into the tag through the SPI communication The RFID reader read the data in the RFID tag through wireless communication, and display the data . The experimental results show that the maximum error is ±1%. The maximum error of the pulse is ±1.9%. The stability and feasibility of pulse blood oxygen sensing system is demonstrated in this paper and it will have a good application prospect in the direction of wearable medical wisdom research
Design of an Integrated Power Factor Converter with PI Controller for Low Pow...IOSRJEEE
In this paper, an integrated power factor converter with PI controller is proposed. The circuit topology is obtained by integrating two converters namely the buck converter and a boost converter. The boost converter is normally a step up converter which obtain an unity power factor and performs low harmonics at the input. Based on the simple circuit topology and easy control the boost converter or buck-boost converter is used as power factor correctors. Similarly the buck converter regulates the dc-link voltage and provide a stable dc output voltage. To achieve unity power factor, the output voltage of both converter should be higher than the amplitude of the ac line voltage. The steady -state analysis is developed and a design is provided
Magneto Optic Current Transformer Technology (MOCT)IOSRJEEE
An accurate electric current transducer is a key component of any power system instrumentation. To measure currents power stations and substations conventionally employ inductive type current transformers .For high voltage applications, porcelain insulators and oil-impregnated materials have to be used to produce insulation between the primary bus and the secondary windings. The insulation structure has to be designed carefully to avoid electric field stresses, which could eventually cause insulation breakdown. The electric current path of the primary bus has to be designed properly to minimize the mechanical forces on the primary conductors for through faults. The reliability of conventional high-voltage current transformers have been questioned because of their violent destructive failures which caused fires and impact damage to adjacent apparatus in the switchyards, electric damage to relays, and power service disruptions. In addition to the concerns, with the computer control techniques and digital protection devices being introduced into power systems, the conventional current transformers have caused further difficulties, as they introduce electromagnetic interference through the ground loop into the digital systems. Magneto-optical current transformer(MOCT)technology provides a solution for many of the above mentioned problems. The MOCT measures the electric current by means of Faraday Effect that is the orientation of polarized light rotates under the influence of the magnetic fields and the rotation angle is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field component in the direction of optical path. MOCT is a passive optical current transducer which uses light to accurately measure current on high voltage systems and determines the rotation angle & converts it into a signal of few volts proportional to the current
On Essentiality of RoHS in EE R&D EcosystemIOSRJEEE
Sustainable development demands environmentally friendly products and hence Research and Development ecosystem needs to adopt environmental compliances. This fact is truer for Electrical and Electronics products as its new product launch rate is very high which also produces high rate of obsolescence and hence e-waste. In India one of the environmental standards is RoHS and in this review a case has been presented for early adoption of the compliance in Indian Research and Development ecosystem through modified Nair’s Product Development Cycle. Advantages of early adoption are avoidance of repetition of expected pollution from e-waste again in future, preventing health issues among researchers who handle such substances and improvement of industry confidence on the pre-competitive R&D. Finally RoHS2 instead of RoHS1 has been recommended for adoption to prevent rejection of developed product in future
A high stable on-chip CMOS temperature sensorIOSRJEEE
A high stable CMOS temperature sensor is presented. A low-pass filter circuit is added in the output of traditional CMOS temperature sensor to improve the stability of its output,. The supply power voltage of the temperature sensor is 1.8V. The PSRR of the temperature sensor is -82dB in low frequency state. And the PSRR is -45dB in worst case. The OP-AMP of sensor has 63º phase margin. The output mode is voltage, whose linearity error is less than 0.2% and resolution ratio is more than 2.6mV/℃
Improvement of Load Power Factor by Using CapacitorIOSRJEEE
Series and parallel capacitors in the power system effect reactive power to improve power factor and voltage because of increasing the system capacity and reducing losses. Reactive power of series capacitor is the same to the current. There are certain unpleasant aspects in the capacitor series. Generally, the cost to install a series capacitor is higher than parallel capacitor. It is caused by complex protection equipment for series capacitor and designing series capacitors for greater power than parallel capacitor to solve the future cost. Installation of capacitors is important to reduce of a system reactive power. Transmission line would be most economical if it is used to send active power where the need of reactive power can be obtained by distribution system in substation level. This will allow user in optimum transmission line, improve operational performance and reduce energy losses. It requires a system and planning carefully to fulfill the need of system reactive power in the same way with active power planning and it is programmed an additional generator capacity.
Modeling and Simulation of Three Phase Induction Machine Using Written Pole T...IOSRJEEE
Three phase induction motors are employed in almost all the industries because of its simple construction and easy operation. Efficiency of the induction motor is affected by its fixed losses and variable losses which mainly depend on the input supply voltage and load current respectively. An attempt is made to minimize the iron losses by using the permanent magnet ferrite. A new Three Phase Induction Motor Using Written Pole Technology is proposed in this paper in which stator consists of two three phase windings accommodated in the same stator core and rotor is used as squirrel cage rotor with ferrite material on its periphery. Shaft loads are categorized as low, medium and high, Stator coils are energized through a controller based on the load demand. In this study, it is suggested to operate the machine with flat efficiency characteristics, irrespective of shaft load. When compared to conventional induction motor, the motor efficiency and power factor are improved. Another approach of this machine is that the ferrite layer on the rotor periphery will reduce the motor losses which results in improving the motor efficiency. In this motor, one windings (main winding) is designed for the 238 volt ac voltage while the second winding (exciter winding) is designed for 8 volt high frequency ac voltage. Experimental result ensures the considerable increase in the efficiency and power factor. The aim of this paper is to analyze and simulate performance of a 1Hp three phase induction motor using written pole technology using the well known Park’s transformation. A three phase squirrel cage machine is reconfigured and modeled into a two three phase stator winding accommodate in same stator core of the same volume as the three phase machine. Different tests are carried out on the novel machine to determine machine parameters. Simulation results, that predicts the dynamic performance of the machine using ANSYS, at start up are presented and discussed.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Microcontroller Based Hockey-ground Rolling Technique
1. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 12, Issue 1 Ver. III (Jan. – Feb. 2017), PP 06-10
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1201030610 www.iosrjournals.org 6 | Page
Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled
Microcontroller Based Hockey-ground Rolling Technique
Pratim Banerjee1
1
(Department of Electronics and Communication, Academy Of Technology, India)
Abstract: Dual-tone-multiple-frequency (DTMF) controlled vehicle is a specific idea in automotive whose
actions can be controlled by a mobile phone from all over the world using the DTMF signaling. Traditionally
wireless controlled vehicles make use of RF (radio frequency) circuits, which have its own disadvantages of
restricted operational range, limited frequency range and limited control. Use of mobile phones for robotic
controls provides working range as large as the coverage area of the service provider and no interference with
other controllers. I can propose a microcontroller based less effort oriented, cost productive hockey ground
roller with smooth pitch rolling technique operated from long range distance by using Mobile phone which acts
as a DTMF signal controller with GSM technology. Generally the field of play is 91.4 by 55.0 meters with an
area of 5,027 square meters for Hockey. According to my proposed work ground authority can be able to
operate that roller to roll aforesaid measurement from pavilion without taking any help of ground staff.
Combination of DTMF-GSM technology is more controller friendly as it doesn’t interfere with other
controllers and can use up to twelve controls. It also has the advantages of robust control and provides
working range as large as the coverage area of the service provider.
Keywords: Dual-tone-multiple-frequency, radio frequency, roller, GSM
I. Introduction
Hockey pitch consists of the central rectangular area inside the boundary with measurement 5,027
square meters. The surface of pitch flattening is necessary. Grounds men can be responsible for rolling the pitch
manually, before starting a match. I think that with the help of microcontroller if I propose a system where pitch
rolling technique can takes place remotely from long range according to user‟s demand by using DTMF
signaling along with GSM network, it will give a cost effective beneficiary mechanical product in case of
hockey pitch preparation. In my proposed work, the roller is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a call to the
mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, a tone corresponding to the button
pressed is heard at the other end of the call. This tone is called DTMF (dual-tone- multiple-frequency).The roller perceives
this DTMF tone with the help of the phone stacked in the roller. The received tone is processed by the microcontroller
residing on the Arduino UNO board with the help of DTMF decoder IC (MT8870). The decoder decodes the DTMF tone
into its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is programmed to
take a decision for any given input and outputs its decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors in
forward direction or backward direction or turn. The mobile phone that makes a call to mobile phone stacked in
the roller act as a remote. DTMF (Dual tone multi frequency) as the name suggests uses a combination of two
sine wave tones to represent a key dialed on a push button or DTMF keypad.
II. My Proposed Work
In this paper i can propose a microcontroller based Mobile phone operated user friendly as well as cost
productive hockey ground roller with an effective 360 degree rolling technique operated from long range
distance by using DTMF signal controlling GSM technique. In this project work i am concentrating on free
movement of ground roller operated from the outside of a Hockey ground without any help of human beings.
Block diagram of working principles as well as list of primary components are given below.
II.A. Block Diagram With Activities:
Fig1. DTMF based Arduino Controlled Ground rolling principle
2. Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Microcontroller Based Hockey-
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1201030610 www.iosrjournals.org 7 | Page
a) Remote section:
This section‟s main component is DTMF. Here we get a tone from our cell phone by using aux wire to DTMF
Decoder IC namely MT8870 which decodes the tone into digital signal of 4bit.
b) Control Section:
Arduino UNO is used for controlling whole the process of robot. Arduino reads commands sent by
DTMF Decoder and compare with define code or pattern. If commands are match arduino sends respective
command to driver section.
c) Driver section:
Driver section consists motor driver and two DC motors. Motor driver is used for driving motors
because arduino does not supply enough voltage and current to motor. So we add a motor driver circuit to get
enough voltage and current for motor. By collecting commands from arduino motor driver drive motor
according to commands.
II.B. Formation Of Ground Roller - Primary Componenets :
A. Dual Tone Multiple Frequency (DTMF) Decoder :
B. Arduino Uno Microcontroller:
C. GSM 900 Module (2 Mobile phone needed,):
D. Motor Driver IC, L293D:
E. Accessories for Roller Body with wheels, chassis, connectors, M-F/M-M jumper.
F. Power supply(Rechargeable Battery).
II.C. Proposed Circuit Diagram:
Here one motor driver is connected to arduino for driving robot. Motor driver‟s input pin 2, 7, 10 and
15 is connected at arduino digital pin number 6, 5, 4 and 3 respectively. Here we have used two DC motors to
driver robot in which one motor is connected at output pin of motor driver 3 and 6 and another motor is
connected at 11 and 14. A 9 volt Battery is also used to power the motor driver for driving motors. A DTMF
decoder attached with this circuit and this decoder is plugged into a mobile using an aux wire for receiving
command or DTMF Tone. DTMF decoder pin D0-D3 is directly connected with Arduino‟s pin number
19,18,17,16. Two 9 Volt batteries are used to power the circuit in which one is used for power the motors,
connected at motor driver IC pin number 8. And another battery is connected to power the remaining circuit.
a) DTMF-ArduinoUNO-Connection:
b) Arduino UNO-Motor Driver(L293D) Connection:
3. Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Microcontroller Based Hockey-
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1201030610 www.iosrjournals.org 8 | Page
c) Motor Driver(L293D) – Hockey Ground Roller Connection:
II.D. Roller Operation Procedure:
STEP-1:
Microcontroller based ground roller can run by some commands that are send via mobile phone. I am using
DTMF function of mobile phone. Here I am using the mobile phone to show working of project. One is user
mobile phone that i will call „remote phone‟ and second one that are connected with Roller‟s circuit using aux
wire. This mobile phone i will call „Receiver Phone‟. First i make a call by using remote phone to receiver
phone and then attend the call by manually or automatic answer mode. Now here is how this DTMF controlled
ground roller is controlled by cell phone. When i press „2‟ by remote phone, roller start to moving forward and
moving continues forward until next command comes.
STEP-2:
When I press „8‟ by remote phone, roller change his state and start moving in backward direction until other
command comes
STEP-3:
When i press „4‟, Robot get turn left till next command executed. Stopping robot I pass„5‟. When i press „6‟,
robot turned to right.
4. Mobile Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Microcontroller Based Hockey-
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1201030610 www.iosrjournals.org 9 | Page
II.E. Conditions of DTMF Controlled hockey ground roller:
INPUT OUTPUT
Mobile
Key
Robot
MovementD3 D2 D1 D0 M11 M12 M21 M22
5 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Stop
4 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 Left
6 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 Right
2 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Forward
8 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Backward
II.F Proposed Algorithm For Roller Movement With The Help Of Arduino Uno & Dtmf With The Help
Of Mobile Key Pressing:
Step 1:
Set Left most top motor m11 connected with pin 3 of Arduino UNO via pin 15 of Motor driver IC
L293D. Set Left most bottom motor m21 connected with pin 5 of Arduino UNO via pin 7 of Motor driver IC
L293D. Set Right most top motor m12 connected with pin 4 of Arduino UNO via pin 10 of Motor driver IC
L293D.Finally Set Right most bottom motor m22 connected with pin 6 of Arduino UNO via pin 2 of Motor
driver IC L293D.
Step 2:
Connect D0 pin of DTMF decoder module with pin 19 of Arduino UNO. Pin 18 of Arduino is
connected with D1 pin of DTMF controller. Connect D2 pin of DTMF decoder module with pin 17 of Arduino
UNO. Pin 16 of Arduino is connected with D3 pin of DTMF controller.
Step 3: IF [D0 Is equal To 0] AND [D1 Is equal To 1] AND [D2 Is equal To 0] AND [D3 Is equal To 0]
CALL FORWARD_MOVEMENT()
Step 4: IF [D0 Is equal To 0] AND [D1 Is equal To 0] AND [D2 Is equal To 0] AND [D3 Is equal To 1]
CALL BACKWARD_MOVEMENT()
Step 5: IF [D0 Is equal To 0] AND [D1 Is equal To 0] AND [D2 Is equal To 1] AND [D3 Is equal To 0]
CALL LEFT_MOVEMENT()
Step 6: IF [D0 Is equal To 0] AND [D1 Is equal To 1] AND [D2 Is equal To 1] AND [D3 Is equal To 0]
CALL RIGHT_MOVEMENT()
Step 7: IF [D0 Is equal To 0] AND [D1 Is equal To 1] AND [D2 Is equal To 1] AND [D3 Is equal To 0]
CALL STOP_MOVEMENT()
Step 8:
FORWARD_MOVEMENT(): M11 And M21 Motor rotate [Left most top & Bottom], M12,M22 Motor
rotation stop.
BACKWARD_MOVEMENT(): M12 And M22 Motor rotate [Right most top & Bottom], M11,M21 Motor
rotation stop.
LEFT_MOVEMENT():M11 Motor rotate [Left most top], M12,M21,M22 Motor rotation stop.
RIGHT_MOVEMENT():M21 Motor rotate [Left most bottom], M11,M12,M22 Motor rotation stop.
STOP_MOVEMENT(): M11,M12,M21,M22 Motor rotation stop.
Step 9: IF [ Mobile Key Is Equal To 2] SET D1=1,D0=0,D2=0,D3=0 and goto step 3.
ELSEIF [ Mobile Key Is Equal To 8] SET D1=0,D0=0,D2=0,D3=1 and goto step 4.
ELSEIF [ Mobile Key Is Equal To 4] SET D1=0,D0=0,D2=1,D3=0 and goto step 5.
ELSEIF [ Mobile Key Is Equal To 6] SET D1=1,D0=0,D2=1,D3=0 and goto step 6.
ELSEIF [ Mobile Key Is Equal To 5] SET D1=0,D0=1,D2=1,D3=0 and goto step 7.
III. Conclussion
In this proposed work I can successfully generate a technique through which i will take an initiative to
remove manual effort of Hockey Grounds man at the time of ground flattering through a roller. This Mobile
Phone Operated Dual-tone-multiple-frequency controlled Arduino UNO Microcontroller Based Hockey-ground
Rolling Technique reduces manual effort of human beings as well as we can use this technique also in long
range communication with the help of DTMF and Mobile GSM network. Even if by pressing mobile key after
making a call we can totally control that ground roller from outside the ground.
References
Journal Papers:
[1]. J. Banuchandar, V. Kaliraj, P. Balasubramanian, S. Deepa, N. Thamilarasi, Automated Unmanned Railway Level Crossing System,
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vol.2, Issue.1, Jan-Feb 2012 pp-458-463 ISSN: 2249-6645.
[2]. Harshavardhan B.Patil, Prof.V.M.Umale -Arduino Based Wireless Biomedical Parameter Monitoring System Using Zigbee.‖
IJETT, Volume 28 Number 7 - October 2015.
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DOI: 10.9790/1676-1201030610 www.iosrjournals.org 10 | Page
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[8]. DSP-base DTMF Decoder”,Author-Xiao Meng,PublisherArizona State University, 1996
[9]. Getting Started with Arduino”,Massimo Banzi, Publisher:O'Reilly Media,Print: March 2009, Ebook: February 2009,Print
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[10]. "Arduino Cookbook",O'Reilly publication,Michael Margolis,ISBN-13: 978-1449313876, ISBN-10: 144 9313876