calling based robot

1. PROJECT REPORT ON
SUBMITTED BY:
NAME ROLL NO.
PANKAJ RAI 26
NILIMA DUSE 18
PRACHI SAWANT 31
DEVENDER SHRIVASH 30
GUIDED BY:
Ms. Meenal Vatsaraj
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
ARMIET, Sapgaon
Academic Year 2015-2016

2. INTRODUCTION
 Radio control (often abbreviated to R/C or simply RC) is the use of
radio signals to remotely control a device. The term is used
frequently to refer to the control of model vehicles from a hand-held
radio transmitter. Industrial, military, and scientific research
organizations make [traffic] use of radio-controlled vehicles as well.
A remote control vehicle is defined as any mobile device that is
controlled by a means that does not restrict its motion with an
origin external to the device. This is often a radio control device,
cable between control and vehicle, or an infrared controller. A
remote control vehicle (Also called as RCV) differs from a robot in
that the RCV is always controlled by a human and takes no positive
action autonomously.

3. TECHNOLOGY USED
Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF)
Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling is
used for telecommunication signaling over analog
telephone lines in the voice-frequency band between
telephone handsets and other communications devices
and the switching center. The version of DTMF used for
telephone tone dialing is known by the trademarked
term Touch-Tone (canceled March 13, 1984), and is
standardized by ITU-T Recommendation Q.23. It is also
known in the UK as MF4. Other multi-frequency systems
are used for signaling internal to the telephone network.

4. A DTMF TELEPHONE KEYPAD
The contemporary keypad is laid out in a 3×4 grid, although the
original DTMF keypad had an additional column for four now-defunct menu
selector keys. When used to dial a telephone number, pressing a single key will
produce a pitch consisting of two simultaneous pure tone sinusoidal frequencies.
The row in which the key appears determines the low frequency, and the column
determines the high frequency. For example, pressing the '1' key will result in a
sound composed of both a 697 and a 1209 hertz (Hz) tone. The original keypads
had levers inside, so each button activated two contacts. The multiple tones are the
reason for calling the system multi frequency. These tones are then decoded by the
switching center to determine which key was pressed.
A DTMF Telephone Keypad

5. DTMF KEYPAD FREQUENCIES
1209 Hz 1336 Hz 1477 Hz 1633 Hz
697 Hz 1 2 3 A
770 Hz 4 5 6 B
852 Hz 7 8 9 C
941 Hz * 0 # D
Tones #, *, A, B, C, and D
The engineers had envisioned phones being used to access
computers, and surveyed a number of companies to see what they would
need for this role. This led to the addition of the number sign (#, sometimes
called 'octothorpe' in this context) and asterisk or "star" (*) keys as well as a
group of keys for menu selection: A, B, C and D. In the end, the lettered keys
were dropped from most phones, and it was many years before these keys
became widely used for vertical service codes such as *67 in the United
States and Canada to suppress caller ID.

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM

7. VALUE QUANTITY
56K 4
150K 1
10K 6
47K 1
68K 1
330K 1
VALUE QUANTITY
0.1 µF 3
22 µF 4
10 µF 1
VALUE QUANTITY
3.57 MHz 1
12 MHz 1
VALUE QUANTITY
CM 8870 1
HD7404 LS 1
P89V51 RD2 1
L293D NE 1
L7805 CV 1
COMPONENT QUANTITY
6V ,200 RPM DC MOTOR 2
ZENER DIODE, 5.6V 2
RESET SWITCH 1
9V DC BATTERY 2
CONNECTING WIRES -
1) RESISTORS: 2) ICs:
4) CAPACITORS
3) OSCILLATORS:
5) MISCELLANEOUS:
COMPONENTS USED:

8. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

9. PCB LAYOUT

10. APLLICATIONS
1) Scientific
Remote control vehicles have various scientific uses including
hazardous environments, working in the deep ocean , and space
exploration. The majority of the probes to the other planets in our
solar system have been remote control vehicles, although some of
the more recent ones were partially autonomous. The sophistication
of these devices has fueled greater debate on the need for manned
spaceflight and exploration.
2)Military and Law Enforcement
Military usage of remotely controlled military vehicles dates back to
the first half of 20th century. Soviet Red Army used remotely
controlled Tele-tanks during 1930s in the Winter War and early
stage of World War II.

11. 3) Search and Rescue
UAVs will likely play an increased role in search and rescue in
the United States. This was demonstrated by the successful use
of UAVs during the 2008 hurricanes that struck Louisiana and
Texas.
4)Recreation and Hobby
See Radio-controlled model. Small scale remote control vehicles
have long been popular among hobbyists. These remote
controlled vehicles span a wide range in terms of price and
sophistication. There are many types of radio controlled
vehicles. These include on-road cars, off-road trucks, boats,
airplanes, and even helicopters. The "robots" now popular in
television shows such as Robot Wars, are a recent extension of
this hobby (these vehicles do not meet the classical definition of
a robot; they are remotely controlled by a human).

12. FURTHER IMROVEMENTS & FUTURE SCOPE
1. IR Sensors:
IR sensors can be used to automatically detect & avoid
obstacles if the robot goes beyond line of sight. This avoids
damage to the vehicle if we are maneuvering it from a
distant place.
2. Password Protection:
Project can be modified in order to password protect the
robot so that it can be operated only if correct password is
entered. Either cell phone should be password protected or
necessary modification should be made in the assembly
language code. This introduces conditioned access &
increases security to a great extent.

13. 3. Adding a Camera:
If the current project is interfaced with a camera (e.g. a
Webcam) robot can be driven beyond line-of-sight & range
becomes practically unlimited as GSM networks have a very
large range.

14. ROBOT OVERVIEW

15. CONCLUSION
By developing this robotic vehicle with its multi-tasking feature, I have
overcome the drawbacks of RF communication which have a limited
range whereas this car can be controlled from anywhere just using this
DTMF technology. The main advantage of this robot is that it is
password protected so that any other person cannot communicate with
the robot. It has various sensors and a LCD screen in which the
Humidity and Temperature of the place will be shown. S Considering all
the situations, the robot integrated with different sub modules can be
used for redemption and security purpose. DTMF Based Robot is the
device which works on the specified network through a specific phone.

16. REFERENCES
1. Wikipedia - The free encyclopedia
2. http://www.8051projects.info/
3. http://www.instructables.com/
4. Schenker, L (1960), "Pushbutton Calling with a Two-Group Voice-Frequency
Code", The Bell system technical journal 39 (1): 235–255, ISSN 0005-8580
5. “DTMF Tester” , ‘Electronics For You’ Magazine , Edition (June 2003)
6. http://www.alldatasheet.com/
7. http://www.datasheet4u.com/
8. http://www.datasheetcatalog.com/

17. Thank You