Microneedles are a type of micromachined structure that promotes the transport of substance through an interface or media, via enhanced permeability or microchannels. In most cases, microneedles are similar in shape to hypodermic needle but are much smaller in size, enabling localized and painless delivery of drugs into cells or tissues. It have its own use,advantages and disadvantages.

1. MICRONEEDLE
TECHNOLOGY
PRSENTED BY:-
PRIYANKA
MANDAL
ROLL NO- B14057
SEM-6; 3rd YEAR

2. 2

3. MICRONEEDLE TECHNOLOGY uses
devices consisting of hundreds or even
thousands of tiny microscale needles that
are arranged in a orderly array of rows and
columns.
HISTORY :-
 First Microneedles were reported by
Albert Pisano(1993) & Ken Wise
(1994).
 In 1998, a team led by Mark R.
Prausnitz and Mark G. Allen produced
microneedle that struck out of the
plane.
3

4. 4

5. Advance drug delivery system
Simple, inexpensive and self -administrated
Greater patient satisfaction
Dermatological therapy
Easily disposable
5

6. :-
Painless drug delivery system.
Rapid onset of action.
Possible self -administrated
Avoids first-pass effect.
Easily disposable and potentially biodegradable
Cost effectively low
6

7. MICRONEEDLE
SOLID
DISSOLVING
COATED
HOLLOW
:-
7

8. 8

9. Used as a pretreatment for
pore formation in skin in order
to make holes through which
drugs can transport.
Increase the permeability by
pocking the holes in skin, rub
drug over area or coat needle
with drug.
Solid microneedles are of three types :-
 Silicon
Metal
Polymer
9

10. COATING SOLUTION
Minoxidil
Eudragit E
100
Propylene
glycol
Coated microneedle pierce
the skin surface and also carry
drugs across the membrance.
Coating solution contains :-
 Drugs
Exipients (like thickening agent,
surfactant,stablizers etc.)
One example of coating solution
of Minoxidil, used in the treatment
of Alopecia
10

11. It involves encapsulating
the drug within the
biodegradable,polymeric
microneedles, followed
by the insertion into the
skin for drug release
Polymers used:
PLA, PGA, PLGA,
PVP, Polycarbonate
11

12. 12

13. MECHANISM
13

14. MECHANISM
14

15. POKE AND PATCH APPORACH COAT AND POKE APPORACH
15

16. POKE AND RELEASE APPORACH POKE AND FLOW APPORACH
16

17. Laser cutting
MEMS technology
Electropolishing
Photolithography
Micro-dip-coating
17

18. Effect of the Length of microneedle on pain
Transepidermal water loss
Biological safety test
ratio is <1
Increase in needle length increases pain
MEASURE TEWL
Negative result reveals the biological safety
Margin of safty
18

19. In vitro
• It is carried out to
determine optimization
of microneedles,
penetration force,
strength of
microneedles, delivery
efficacy etc.
In vivo
• Preclinical evaluation
of microneedles was
performed on animals
like mice and guinea
pig in order to
determine the delivery
efficacy, penetration
force, bending force
and to evaluate the skin
toxicity testes using
vaccine delivery
19

20. MICRONEEEDLE
Cellular delivery
Can be used to
deliver membrane
impermeable
molecules into the
cells
Local delivery
Targeted delivery
helps reduce side
effects, minimize the
dose and helps deliver
drug to locations
difficult to treat
Systemic delivery
Helps over coming
limitations of
conventional
injections
20

21. • Microneedles have an edge over the other
methods due to lack of pain .Eg: influenza
vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine ,flavivirus vaccine
etc
Immunobiologicals
• Insulin, heparin, and growth hormones,
parathyroid hormone, human growth
hormone, desmopressin can be delivered by
microneedles
Biopharmaceuticals
• Diclofenac, lidocaine, naltrexone, doxetaxel etc
can be administered via microneedles
Drugs
• Phlebotomy is the withdrawal of blood
for diagnostic purposePhlebotomy
21

22. 22

23. 23
Tips may broken off
Local inflammation may occur
Sometimes difficult to apply
Skin irritation may occur due to sensitive skin
Large range of drugs are still not used to deliver

24. 24