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Microneedles
- 1. Microneedles In Transdermal Drug Delivery PREPARED BY DHIRAJ MISHRA
- 2. Need for microneedles From child to elder everyone hates needles and “ PAIN” caused by them. Various systems are adopted to avoid needles. Among them is the “Micro needle mediate transdermal drug delivery system”
- 3. What is Microniddle The concept of micro needles was first proposed in the 1970s Combines the benefits of hypodermic needle injections and transdermal patches Micro needles are typically hundreds of microns long, 1 to 50 μm wide at the tip, and approximately 50 - 300 μm at the base. They can be solid/hollow and can be fabricated as single needles or multi-needle arrays
- 6. Solid microneedles Solid microneedles create holes in SC and are applied before application of medicine and removed there after Or the drug may be coated onto the needle Increase the permeability by pocking the holes in skin, rub drug over area or coat needle with drug. They are fabricated in 750-1000μm in length Materials used: Silicon: Fabrication by microneedle is costly. Silicon is brittle and may break in the skin. Metal: They have good mechanical strength, cost is low Eg: stainless steel, titanium, nickel, iron.
- 7. Dissolving microneedles It involves encapsulating the drug within the biodegradable, polymeric microneedles , followed by the insertion into the skin for drug release Materials used: Polymers used : PLA, PGA, PLGA,PVP, Polycarbonate
- 8. Hollow microneedles Lumen diameter30μm and height 250μm. Carry drug continuously into the body by diffusion Large amount of drug are delivered Remove fluid from the body for analysis
- 9. Advantages of micro needles Large molecules can be administered. Painless administration of the active pharmaceuticalingredient. First-pass metabolism is avoided. Faster healing at injection site than with a hypodermic needle, No fear of needle. Ease of administration. Decreased microbial penetration as compared with a hypodermic needle, the microneedle punctures only the epidermis. Specific skin area can be targeted for desired drug delivery enhanced drug efficacy may result in dose reduction Good tolerability without long-term edema or erythema Rapid drug delivery can be achieved by coupling the microneedles with other technologies
- 10. Disadvantages of microneedles Careful use of the device may be needed to avoid particles ‘bouncing off’ the skin surface. The thickness of the stratum corneum and other skin layers varies between individuals and so penetration depth of particles could vary too. The external environment, like hydration of the skin, could affect delivery. Repetitive injection may collapse the veins. The tip of the microneedle may break off and remain within the skin on removal of the patch.
- 11. Application of microneedles Immunobiologicals : Microneedles have an edge over the other methods due to lack of pain.Eg: influenza vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, flavivirus vaccine etc. Biopharmaceuticals: Insulin, heparin, and growth hormones, parathyroid hormone, human growth hormone, desmopressin can be delivered by microneedles. Drugs: Diclofenac, lidocaine, naltrexone, doxetaxel etc can be administered via microneedles
- 12. Application of microneedles Ibuprofen patchPatch for diabetes Vaccine paches Anti-Wrinkle Retinol PatchesSkin patch fights fat localized cancer immunotherapy
- 13. Diagnosis
- 14. Thank you