This document presents a seminar on microneedles given by Mr. Ghanvat Mitesh D. It introduces microneedles as a new drug delivery system that can administer drugs transdermally without the drawbacks of injections. It describes the different types of microneedles including solid, hollow, silicon, metal and polymer varieties. It also discusses fabrication techniques, coating methods, penetration ability, evaluation methods, and advantages and disadvantages of microneedles. Microneedles are presented as a promising new drug delivery system that can penetrate the skin with low force and be fabricated with high yields.

1. A
SEMINAR ON
A REVIEW ON MICRONEEDLES
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
Guided by. Presented by.
DR. BANERGEE S. K. Mr. ghanvat mitesh d.
m. Pharm, Ph. d M.PHARM FIRST YEAR
VISHAL JUNNAR SEVA MANDAL,S
VISHAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, ALE, PUNE

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 MICRONEEDLES
 TYPES OF MICRONEEDLES
 FABRICATION TECHNIQUE OF MICRONEEDLES
 COATING OF MICRONEEDLES
 PENITRATION OF MICRONEEDLES
 EVALUATION OF MICRONEEDLES
 ADVANTAGES OF MICRONEEDLES
 DISADVANTAGES OF MICRONEEDLES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. I. INTRODUCTION
Patch-based transdermal drug delivery offers a
convenient way to administer drugs without the
drawbacks of standard hypodermic injections relating
to patient acceptability and injection safety.
• Types - Routes Of Administration
• New Drug Delivery System
• Transdermal Drug Delivery System

4. MICRONEEDLES
 INTRODUCTION
Figure 1: Microneedle with blue color (electron micrograph).

5. TYPES OF MICRONEEDLES
I. Solid microneedles
1. Silicon microprobes
2. Silicon microneedles
3. Metal microneedles
II. Hollow microneedles
1. Silicon hollow microneedles
2. Metal hollow microneedles
3. Glass hollow microneedles

6. I. Solid microneedles
1. Silicon microprobes
Figure 2: A single silicon microprobe fabricated by anisotropic silicon etching and
used to deliver genes to plant and mammalian cells.

7. 2. Silicon microneedles
Figure 3: Arrays of solid silicon microneedles used in transdermal drug delivery study
and demonstrated enhancement of dermal permeability.

8. 3. Metal microneedles
Figure 4: Solid stainless steel microneedle arrays Figure 5: Images of coated solid metal
used in an insulin delivery test using diabetic rats microneedles.
in vivo.

9. II. Hollow microneedles
1. Silicon hollow microneedles
Figure 6: Arrays of symmetric silicon hollow Figure 7: Arrays of hollow silicon microneedles
microneedles used in fluid injection used for transdermal liquid transport.
experiments.

10. 2. Metal hollow microneedles
Figure 8: An array of hollow, metallic microneedles used for skin insertion test.

11. 3. Glass hollow microneedles
Figure 9: A single, beveled-tip, hollow glass microneedle used in
micro-infusion within human cadaver skin.

12. Other type of microneedles
Figure 10: Solid biodegradable polymer microneedles with calcium encapsulated at the needle
tips used for in vitro transdermal insertion test.

13. FABRICATION OF MICRONEEDLES
1. Fabrication of solid microneedles
2. Fabrication of hollow microneedles
Figure 12: A schematic representation of fabrication process used in making the
hollow microneedle array.

14. COATING OF MICRONEEDLES
Coating solution:
• 1% (w/v) carboxymethyalcellulose sodium salt
• 0.5% lutrol F-68 NF
• drug model/ biopharmaceutical.
Drug model:
• 0.01% suforhodamine
• 0.01% calcium
• 3% vitamin B
• 1% bovine serum albumin
• 0.5% plasmid DNA

15. PENETRATION OF MICRONEEDLES
Figure 13: Penetration of microneedles into the skin.

16. EVALUATION OF MICRONEEDLES
 In vitro evaluation
In vitro evaluation is carried out to determine
optimization of microneedles, penetration force,
strength of microneedles, delivery efficacy etc.
 In vivo evaluation
The in vivo preclinical evaluation of microneedles was
performed on animals like mice and guinea pig in order
to determine the delivery efficacy, penetration force,
bending force and to evaluate the skin toxicity testes
using vaccine delivery.

17. ADVANTAGES OF MICRONEEDLES
• Pain-free administration.
• Easy to use.
• Discreetness.
• Continuous release.
• Controlled release.
• Safer handling.

18. DISADVANTAGES OF MICRONEEDLES
• Local inflammation
• Skin irritation
• Expensive

19. CONCLUSION
 require a very low insertion force .
 penetrate human skin.
 fabricated with high process yield.

20. REFERENCES
 Roxhed N; A fully integrated microneedle-based transdermal drug
delivery system; 2007; Royal institute of technology.
getDocument_urn_nbn_se_kth_diva-4484-2__fulltext.pdf
 Lad J; Clinical evaluation of a novel microneedle patch, 2006-2007;
Cranfield University;
search_hl=en&q=drug+used+for+preparation+microneedles(pdf)&sta
rt20&sa=N.pdf
 Satoskar RS, Bhandarkar SD and Ainapure SS. Text book of
pharmacology and pharmacotherapeutics. 2003, 18th Ed. 5-9.
 Roxhed N; A fully integrated microneedle-based transdermal drug
delivery system; 2007; Royal institute of technology.
getDocument_urn_nbn_se_kth_diva-4484-2__fulltext.pdf