The article describes the importance and relevance of macroeconomic modeling in the development of economic sectors. The problems of applying the methods of macroeconomic modeling both optimization and simulation in the practice of planning and managing the national economy are analyzed. Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich | Juraev Farrukh Do’stmirzayevich "Methods of Macroeconomic Modeling" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38498.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/38498/methods-of-macroeconomic-modeling/mukhitdinov-khudoyar-suyunovich
Analysis of Demand and Supply Commodities Originally A Region (Case Study; Pr...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This study aims to provide information about the structure of supply and demand which have an important role in shaping the economic structure regional.Identified strengths and weaknesses of the economic sector and gives an overview of the potential and the barriers to the development of the existing economy. .In Addition, the study can be a model of the original commodity analysis of a region. The analytical method used is to utilize the model of Table I-O to provide a descriptive overview of the structure of demand and supply. Given the complexity of the tables I-O, the description given might be in general (macro) and integrate the linkages between sectors. The analysis finds fourteen commodity that has considerable value in terms of both demand and in terms of deals namely; Rice, Cocoa, sea fish and other results, Nickel, Industrial rice, Manufacture of fertilizers and pesticides, Industrial goods other chemicals, industrial goods produced oil refineries, cement industry, Industrial machinery and equipment, land transportation equipment industry, building shelter, services trade and public governance services. Generally, the fourteenth of these commodities have a significant impact on the economy South Sulawesi.Rice,Nickel and services trade is a commodity that is essential for perekonomian.Informasi about the structure of supply and demand for the commodity could be used as a reference for development planning in the region of south Sulawesi,
The paper proposes two econometric models of inflation for Azerbaijan: one based on monthly data and eclectic, another based on quarterly data and takes into account disequilibrium at the money market. Inflation regression based on monthly data showed that consumer prices dynamics is explained by money growth (the more money, the higher the inflation), exchange rate behaviour (appreciation drives disinflation), commodities price dynamics (“imported” inflation) and administrative changes in regulated prices. For the quarterly model, nominal money demand equation (with inflation, real non-oil GDP and nominal interest rate on foreign currency deposits as predictors) and money supply equation were estimated, and error-correction mechanism from money demand equation was included into inflation equation. It is shown that disequilibrium at the money market (supply higher than demand) drives inflation together with money supply growth and nominal exchange rate depreciation and administrative changes in prices. No cost-push variables appeared to be significant in this equation specification. Both models give similar inflation projections, but sudden changes in money demand (2012) lead to significant differences between the projections. It is shown that money is the most important inflation determinant that explains up to 97.8% of CPI growth between 2012 and 2015, and that in order to keep inflation under control the Central Bank of Azerbaijan should link money supply to real non-oil GDP growth.
Authored by: Alexander Chubrik, Przemyslaw Wozniak, Gulnar Hajiyeva
Published in 2012
Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education InstitutionsSubmissionResearchpa
This article outlines the issues of introducing innovative approaches to improving learning processes. There are also recommendations for the development of high pedagogical technologies. by Najmiddinova Mehrigul and Jalilov Mirsaid Bektosh ugli 2020. Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 2 (Mar. 2020), 59-60. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i2.271. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271/264 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271
Budget Allocation System of Regional Government Authority (Case Study at Sela...iosrjce
One important aspect of governance and development is a financial management system as a
realization of the budget policy, which providing the spirit of efficiency and effectiveness of budget,
transparency and public accountability, sense of justice, as well as the achievement optimally. However, the
budget allocation has not demonstrated a healthy balance between the central and local government budget, so
it causing vertical gap that greatly affect to the performance of the overall development. Along with regional
autonomy, the spirit of decentralization, democratization, transparency and accountability that characterizes
governance implementation process, particularly in the process of management policy of regional budget
allocation, should be a common concern in the management of the budget allocation in Selayar Regency by
considering the principle of fairness toward the priority programs and the fulfillment of a wider public
participation
Investigating The Relationship Between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and House...IJSB
Abstract
This study examines the matter of trends (level and slope), cycle and irregular components in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Household Consumption Expenditure (HCE) of two SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries: Nepal and Pakistan. SAARC countries produce GDP (PPP) US$ 9.9 trillion and GDP (Nominal) US$ 2.9 trillion and constitute 9.12% of global economy as of 2015. The mentioned two countries from this region are selected due to their importance in the SAARC region and their challenges during last few decades i.e. Political crisis and natural disasters. In this study the multivariate unobserved components model is used to decompose the GDP and HCE and examine the relationships between these two variables of Nepal and Pakistan. The time period of this study is 1970-2014 and Kushnirs statistical data is employed. The maximum likelihood smoother is employed in the trend plus stochastic cycle methodology of Koopman et al. (2009) to estimate the model. It is found here that there have no deficiencies in the diagnostics of normality, auxiliary, prediction, and forecast. And residual diagnostics also present that it is nicely fitted with this model. Empirical results clearly show that there have strong correlations between the GDP and HCE in irregular components in both the countries of Nepal and Pakistan. Finally, in both slope and cycle, the correlations between GDP and HCE of Nepal and Pakistan are found perfectly positive in the short and long run.
Download original form http://ijsab.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/02/101.pdf
Analysis of Demand and Supply Commodities Originally A Region (Case Study; Pr...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This study aims to provide information about the structure of supply and demand which have an important role in shaping the economic structure regional.Identified strengths and weaknesses of the economic sector and gives an overview of the potential and the barriers to the development of the existing economy. .In Addition, the study can be a model of the original commodity analysis of a region. The analytical method used is to utilize the model of Table I-O to provide a descriptive overview of the structure of demand and supply. Given the complexity of the tables I-O, the description given might be in general (macro) and integrate the linkages between sectors. The analysis finds fourteen commodity that has considerable value in terms of both demand and in terms of deals namely; Rice, Cocoa, sea fish and other results, Nickel, Industrial rice, Manufacture of fertilizers and pesticides, Industrial goods other chemicals, industrial goods produced oil refineries, cement industry, Industrial machinery and equipment, land transportation equipment industry, building shelter, services trade and public governance services. Generally, the fourteenth of these commodities have a significant impact on the economy South Sulawesi.Rice,Nickel and services trade is a commodity that is essential for perekonomian.Informasi about the structure of supply and demand for the commodity could be used as a reference for development planning in the region of south Sulawesi,
The paper proposes two econometric models of inflation for Azerbaijan: one based on monthly data and eclectic, another based on quarterly data and takes into account disequilibrium at the money market. Inflation regression based on monthly data showed that consumer prices dynamics is explained by money growth (the more money, the higher the inflation), exchange rate behaviour (appreciation drives disinflation), commodities price dynamics (“imported” inflation) and administrative changes in regulated prices. For the quarterly model, nominal money demand equation (with inflation, real non-oil GDP and nominal interest rate on foreign currency deposits as predictors) and money supply equation were estimated, and error-correction mechanism from money demand equation was included into inflation equation. It is shown that disequilibrium at the money market (supply higher than demand) drives inflation together with money supply growth and nominal exchange rate depreciation and administrative changes in prices. No cost-push variables appeared to be significant in this equation specification. Both models give similar inflation projections, but sudden changes in money demand (2012) lead to significant differences between the projections. It is shown that money is the most important inflation determinant that explains up to 97.8% of CPI growth between 2012 and 2015, and that in order to keep inflation under control the Central Bank of Azerbaijan should link money supply to real non-oil GDP growth.
Authored by: Alexander Chubrik, Przemyslaw Wozniak, Gulnar Hajiyeva
Published in 2012
Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education InstitutionsSubmissionResearchpa
This article outlines the issues of introducing innovative approaches to improving learning processes. There are also recommendations for the development of high pedagogical technologies. by Najmiddinova Mehrigul and Jalilov Mirsaid Bektosh ugli 2020. Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 2 (Mar. 2020), 59-60. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i2.271. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271/264 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271
Budget Allocation System of Regional Government Authority (Case Study at Sela...iosrjce
One important aspect of governance and development is a financial management system as a
realization of the budget policy, which providing the spirit of efficiency and effectiveness of budget,
transparency and public accountability, sense of justice, as well as the achievement optimally. However, the
budget allocation has not demonstrated a healthy balance between the central and local government budget, so
it causing vertical gap that greatly affect to the performance of the overall development. Along with regional
autonomy, the spirit of decentralization, democratization, transparency and accountability that characterizes
governance implementation process, particularly in the process of management policy of regional budget
allocation, should be a common concern in the management of the budget allocation in Selayar Regency by
considering the principle of fairness toward the priority programs and the fulfillment of a wider public
participation
Investigating The Relationship Between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and House...IJSB
Abstract
This study examines the matter of trends (level and slope), cycle and irregular components in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Household Consumption Expenditure (HCE) of two SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries: Nepal and Pakistan. SAARC countries produce GDP (PPP) US$ 9.9 trillion and GDP (Nominal) US$ 2.9 trillion and constitute 9.12% of global economy as of 2015. The mentioned two countries from this region are selected due to their importance in the SAARC region and their challenges during last few decades i.e. Political crisis and natural disasters. In this study the multivariate unobserved components model is used to decompose the GDP and HCE and examine the relationships between these two variables of Nepal and Pakistan. The time period of this study is 1970-2014 and Kushnirs statistical data is employed. The maximum likelihood smoother is employed in the trend plus stochastic cycle methodology of Koopman et al. (2009) to estimate the model. It is found here that there have no deficiencies in the diagnostics of normality, auxiliary, prediction, and forecast. And residual diagnostics also present that it is nicely fitted with this model. Empirical results clearly show that there have strong correlations between the GDP and HCE in irregular components in both the countries of Nepal and Pakistan. Finally, in both slope and cycle, the correlations between GDP and HCE of Nepal and Pakistan are found perfectly positive in the short and long run.
Download original form http://ijsab.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/02/101.pdf
A Summary of the Analysis of the Problems Existing in the Development of Asse...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Affected by the development level of the market economy and regional economic growth factors, the asset appraisal industry in the three major regions of China's east, middle and west has created regional gaps in the development process. Among them, the asset appraisal development problem in the western region is particularly prominent. Therefore, the development of asset appraisal in the western region has always been a hot topic in this field. This paper compares the economic development level of various regions and the development status of the asset appraisal industry, analyzes the problems encountered in the development of the asset appraisal industry in the western region, considers solutions to related problems, and further thinks about the future development direction of the asset appraisal industry and outlook.
This paper analysed the forecasting ability of yield-curve as a predictor of the short-run fluctuations in economic activities in Namibia. The study employed the techniques of unit root, cointegration, impulse response functions and forecast error variance decomposition on the quarterly data covering the period 1996 to 2015. The results revealed a negative relationship between the term structure of interest rates and economic activities, though statistically insignificant. This suggests that the yield-curve has no forecasting ability as a predictor of economic activity in Namibia.
FORECASTING FOREIGN TOURISTS IN THAILAND BY ECONOMIC CONDITION FOR TOURISM INDEXIAEME Publication
Tourism sector in Thailand has been promoted as a key sector to create economic expansion since the early of 2010s. The increasing in demand for tourism in Thailand induces a significant final demand in tourism related sectors. In order to prepare for the growing in tourism sector, the number of visitors should be forecasted. This paper set up a new composite index called economic condition for tourism (ECT) index. This index summarizes the information of the macroeconomic variables which effect the demand for tourism in Thailand. The methods of composite index are implemented. There three weighted average methods that were used: simple average, variance decomposition and factor important. Then, the ECT index can be used as a leading indicator for number of foreign tourists. The ECT index also act as the important factor forecast the number of foreign tourists. Tourism price in Thailand, tourism price in AEC and crime rate are the most important economic factor to determine the ECT index and for the forecasting the number of foreign tourists. The results emphasis that to support the tourism promoting, price stability policy and crime reducing policy should be considered.
Based on the data of Japanese Prime metropolitan area from 1955 to 2013, this paper studies the effect of industry agglomeration and population aggregation on economic growth in Tokyo metropolitan area. Through the processing of the panel data, we find that the industry agglomeration in Japanese Prime metropolitan region has apparently positive impacts on its economic growth, and also, population aggregation can positively effects its economic growth. Following this paper is try to carry out research on Tokyo —the core city of Japanese Prime metropolitan area, to study the influence of industry agglomeration on its economic growth. This paper thinks that in the process of the development of the city group, due to resource constraints, the manufacturing output unit of land demand big industry will gradually from the degree of economic development is relatively high in the whole city and the city to evacuate, inside, labor resources are gradually to the regional flow of high GDP per capita output.
Evolving of PFM for economic policy - game of tools and rules (focus on Slove...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Irena Rostan, Slovenia, at the 12th Annual Meeting of OECD-CESEE Senior Budget Officials held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, on 28-29 June 2016
The study examines the provincial revenues to identify the nature of fiscal problems currently confronted by the NWFP and formulates proposals for enhancing revenues from provincial taxes and user charges. The study has to consider economic base of the province, elasticity and buoyancy of provincial revenue resources, and makes proposals for fiscal reforms
The article is devoted to the problem of development and application of information
technologies in the strategic management of industrial enterprises under uncertainty
based on mathematical modeling. The purpose of the article is to develop tools that
support decision-making when choosing strategic guidelines for the development of
enterprises using economic and mathematical methods. The study of the system of
strategic management of industrial enterprises, which has the property of development,
based on the application of the methodology of system analysis. A model of the strategic
management process in the form of a logical structure containing a combined decisionmaking
procedure for solving problems, ranging from the study of the environment and
the development of the mission, and ending with the creation of economic and
mathematical tools and its use to evaluate decisions. The economic and mathematical
tools to support decision-making on the strategic guidelines for the development of
industrial enterprises in the conditions of stochastic uncertainty. As the characteristics
of the cost-effectiveness of strategies selected measure of profitability
Providing Trade Services to the Population of the RegionYogeshIJTSRD
Analyzing the details of providing trade services to the population of the region of the service sector, the sequence of choosing and modeling the main factors which influence their development are represented through simulation schemes in this article. Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich | Makhmatkulov Golibjon Kholmuminovich "Providing Trade Services to the Population of the Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38499.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/38499/providing-trade-services-to-the-population-of-the-region/mukhitdinov-khudoyar-suyunovich
The article discusses the methodological approaches to assessing the socioeconomic
development of the region. Methodical approaches to the formation of
economic and social programs, as a tool for strategic management of the region’s
development, should be adequate to its goals, taking into account regional
peculiarities, and first of all, aimed at solving specific problems relevant to a particular
region.
Providing Accommodation and Food Services to the Population of the RegionYogeshIJTSRD
Analyzing development processes of each providing accommodation and food services to the population of the region, the sequence of choosing and modeling the main factors which influence their development are represented through simulation schemes in this article. Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich | Rakhimov Abdihakim Muhammadiyevich "Providing Accommodation and Food Services to the Population of the Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/38500/providing-accommodation-and-food-services-to-the-population-of-the-region/mukhitdinov-khudoyar-suyunovich
The development and operation of regional systems cannot be carried out solely on
the basis of market self-regulation. The policy of state non-interference leads to the
growth of various kinds of contradictions and asymmetries that can destroy the integrity
of the national economy and regional systems, so taking care of the balanced
development of the national economy and regional economic systems is an
indispensable function of the state, a guarantee of its development and selfpreservation.
This is reflected in the existence of program-target methods of managing
the socio-economic development of regions.
Formation of an integrated system of state economic securityIgor Britchenko
The article examines the specifics of the formation of an integrated system of economic security of the state in modern conditions. The peculiarities of the impact of risks and threats on the functioning of the economic security system are determined. The main functional elements of the integrated system of economic security have been clarified. The importance of the formation of the mechanism of economic security for the protection of the national economy of the country has been proven. The structural elements of the mechanism of economic security in modern conditions are defined. It is proposed to introduce integrated systems of economic security of the state to combine all elements of state management of the national economy into a single system.
Intersectoral linkages represent the economic and organizational interaction
between industries, characterizing the relationship to ensure the production process,
as well as the production and sale of products in the industry based on exchanging
equivalent costs and ensuring the same level of production profitability. Due to the need
to develop branches of the national economy, the authors suggest a methodological
approach to assessing the efficiency of the economic mechanism for establishing and
developing intersectoral linkages
The implementation of the Russian Federation state policy covering the national,
regional and local levels, is designed for socio-economic impact through state
programs of the Russian Federation.
The message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly
of March 1, 2018 states that the development of Russia and long-term growth can
provide priority projects “in spatial development, investments in infrastructure,
education, health care and the environment, new technologies and science, economic
support measures, promotion of talents, youth”, as part of government programs
aimed at financial support of a new quality of life and innovative development,
modernization of the economy.
Achievement of the set strategic targets is possible due to the increase in the
effectiveness of public spending by adopting organizational, financial and methodical
measures to improve the system of financing state programs, including by
encouraging the attraction of private investment in government projects
A Summary of the Analysis of the Problems Existing in the Development of Asse...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Affected by the development level of the market economy and regional economic growth factors, the asset appraisal industry in the three major regions of China's east, middle and west has created regional gaps in the development process. Among them, the asset appraisal development problem in the western region is particularly prominent. Therefore, the development of asset appraisal in the western region has always been a hot topic in this field. This paper compares the economic development level of various regions and the development status of the asset appraisal industry, analyzes the problems encountered in the development of the asset appraisal industry in the western region, considers solutions to related problems, and further thinks about the future development direction of the asset appraisal industry and outlook.
This paper analysed the forecasting ability of yield-curve as a predictor of the short-run fluctuations in economic activities in Namibia. The study employed the techniques of unit root, cointegration, impulse response functions and forecast error variance decomposition on the quarterly data covering the period 1996 to 2015. The results revealed a negative relationship between the term structure of interest rates and economic activities, though statistically insignificant. This suggests that the yield-curve has no forecasting ability as a predictor of economic activity in Namibia.
FORECASTING FOREIGN TOURISTS IN THAILAND BY ECONOMIC CONDITION FOR TOURISM INDEXIAEME Publication
Tourism sector in Thailand has been promoted as a key sector to create economic expansion since the early of 2010s. The increasing in demand for tourism in Thailand induces a significant final demand in tourism related sectors. In order to prepare for the growing in tourism sector, the number of visitors should be forecasted. This paper set up a new composite index called economic condition for tourism (ECT) index. This index summarizes the information of the macroeconomic variables which effect the demand for tourism in Thailand. The methods of composite index are implemented. There three weighted average methods that were used: simple average, variance decomposition and factor important. Then, the ECT index can be used as a leading indicator for number of foreign tourists. The ECT index also act as the important factor forecast the number of foreign tourists. Tourism price in Thailand, tourism price in AEC and crime rate are the most important economic factor to determine the ECT index and for the forecasting the number of foreign tourists. The results emphasis that to support the tourism promoting, price stability policy and crime reducing policy should be considered.
Based on the data of Japanese Prime metropolitan area from 1955 to 2013, this paper studies the effect of industry agglomeration and population aggregation on economic growth in Tokyo metropolitan area. Through the processing of the panel data, we find that the industry agglomeration in Japanese Prime metropolitan region has apparently positive impacts on its economic growth, and also, population aggregation can positively effects its economic growth. Following this paper is try to carry out research on Tokyo —the core city of Japanese Prime metropolitan area, to study the influence of industry agglomeration on its economic growth. This paper thinks that in the process of the development of the city group, due to resource constraints, the manufacturing output unit of land demand big industry will gradually from the degree of economic development is relatively high in the whole city and the city to evacuate, inside, labor resources are gradually to the regional flow of high GDP per capita output.
Evolving of PFM for economic policy - game of tools and rules (focus on Slove...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Irena Rostan, Slovenia, at the 12th Annual Meeting of OECD-CESEE Senior Budget Officials held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, on 28-29 June 2016
The study examines the provincial revenues to identify the nature of fiscal problems currently confronted by the NWFP and formulates proposals for enhancing revenues from provincial taxes and user charges. The study has to consider economic base of the province, elasticity and buoyancy of provincial revenue resources, and makes proposals for fiscal reforms
The article is devoted to the problem of development and application of information
technologies in the strategic management of industrial enterprises under uncertainty
based on mathematical modeling. The purpose of the article is to develop tools that
support decision-making when choosing strategic guidelines for the development of
enterprises using economic and mathematical methods. The study of the system of
strategic management of industrial enterprises, which has the property of development,
based on the application of the methodology of system analysis. A model of the strategic
management process in the form of a logical structure containing a combined decisionmaking
procedure for solving problems, ranging from the study of the environment and
the development of the mission, and ending with the creation of economic and
mathematical tools and its use to evaluate decisions. The economic and mathematical
tools to support decision-making on the strategic guidelines for the development of
industrial enterprises in the conditions of stochastic uncertainty. As the characteristics
of the cost-effectiveness of strategies selected measure of profitability
Providing Trade Services to the Population of the RegionYogeshIJTSRD
Analyzing the details of providing trade services to the population of the region of the service sector, the sequence of choosing and modeling the main factors which influence their development are represented through simulation schemes in this article. Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich | Makhmatkulov Golibjon Kholmuminovich "Providing Trade Services to the Population of the Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38499.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/38499/providing-trade-services-to-the-population-of-the-region/mukhitdinov-khudoyar-suyunovich
The article discusses the methodological approaches to assessing the socioeconomic
development of the region. Methodical approaches to the formation of
economic and social programs, as a tool for strategic management of the region’s
development, should be adequate to its goals, taking into account regional
peculiarities, and first of all, aimed at solving specific problems relevant to a particular
region.
Providing Accommodation and Food Services to the Population of the RegionYogeshIJTSRD
Analyzing development processes of each providing accommodation and food services to the population of the region, the sequence of choosing and modeling the main factors which influence their development are represented through simulation schemes in this article. Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich | Rakhimov Abdihakim Muhammadiyevich "Providing Accommodation and Food Services to the Population of the Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/38500/providing-accommodation-and-food-services-to-the-population-of-the-region/mukhitdinov-khudoyar-suyunovich
The development and operation of regional systems cannot be carried out solely on
the basis of market self-regulation. The policy of state non-interference leads to the
growth of various kinds of contradictions and asymmetries that can destroy the integrity
of the national economy and regional systems, so taking care of the balanced
development of the national economy and regional economic systems is an
indispensable function of the state, a guarantee of its development and selfpreservation.
This is reflected in the existence of program-target methods of managing
the socio-economic development of regions.
Formation of an integrated system of state economic securityIgor Britchenko
The article examines the specifics of the formation of an integrated system of economic security of the state in modern conditions. The peculiarities of the impact of risks and threats on the functioning of the economic security system are determined. The main functional elements of the integrated system of economic security have been clarified. The importance of the formation of the mechanism of economic security for the protection of the national economy of the country has been proven. The structural elements of the mechanism of economic security in modern conditions are defined. It is proposed to introduce integrated systems of economic security of the state to combine all elements of state management of the national economy into a single system.
Intersectoral linkages represent the economic and organizational interaction
between industries, characterizing the relationship to ensure the production process,
as well as the production and sale of products in the industry based on exchanging
equivalent costs and ensuring the same level of production profitability. Due to the need
to develop branches of the national economy, the authors suggest a methodological
approach to assessing the efficiency of the economic mechanism for establishing and
developing intersectoral linkages
The implementation of the Russian Federation state policy covering the national,
regional and local levels, is designed for socio-economic impact through state
programs of the Russian Federation.
The message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly
of March 1, 2018 states that the development of Russia and long-term growth can
provide priority projects “in spatial development, investments in infrastructure,
education, health care and the environment, new technologies and science, economic
support measures, promotion of talents, youth”, as part of government programs
aimed at financial support of a new quality of life and innovative development,
modernization of the economy.
Achievement of the set strategic targets is possible due to the increase in the
effectiveness of public spending by adopting organizational, financial and methodical
measures to improve the system of financing state programs, including by
encouraging the attraction of private investment in government projects
According to the results of the Russian Finance Ministry assessment of the quality of
financial management of the managers of the federal budget, including process and
outcome indicators of financial activity as part of the state programs « Education
Development », « Science and Technology Development», the Ministry of Education and
Science of the Russian Federation in 2017 occupied the 26th place.
The relatively low financial and managerial statements of the Ministry of Education
and Science of the Russian Federation activity concerning government program funding
are caused by deficiencies in methods and tools for managing budget expenditures, and
it is proved by Russian Audit Chamber’s findings concerning the ineffectiveness of
financial expenditures in the «5-100» project.
In this way the relevance of the research theme is due to need for theoretical
development of the conceptual construct, modifying the model of organizational and
financial clearing for subsidizing government programs, adapting the algorithm for
applying social bonds to the education and science sectors of the Russian Federation,
justifying new methodological approaches and practical recommendations for developing
the system for financing government programs in the domain of education and science.
Welfare Improvement of Bulukumba, Indonesia: Social Accounting Matrices Approachinventionjournals
:This study aims to get a prototype of Bulukumba economic characteristics are summarized in the transactional matrix items, namely the Social Accounting Matrices and create planning models are then simulated at the policies of welfare improvement in Bulukumba district. Data is collected by sampling transactions of all transactions and structured transactions into a matrix form the Social Accounting Matrices This research results will be the basis for decision making in improving the welfare of Bulukumba district. Indonesia
Choice of a Strategy of Regional ICT-management. Cognitive ParadigmIJMIT JOURNAL
One of the topical problems of post-industrial (information) economy, the problem of the choosing a strategy of regional ICT-management is considered. We note the difficulties in solving of the problem caused by its complex ill-structured character that limit possibilities of applying the known methods of economic-mathematical modeling and decision-making. Methodology of cognitive support that opens up new possibilities for overcoming these difficulties is proposed
Economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education and the basics of its...SubmissionResearchpa
The article analyzes the quality of higher education and its economic diagnosis. Defined methods for modeling economic diagnostics. There are scientific conclusions and practical recommendations on the economic assessment of the quality of higher education. by Sotvoldiev Nodirbek Jurabaevich and Sirojiddinov Ikromiddin Kutbiddinovich 2020. Economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education and the basics of its modeling. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 4 (Mar. 2020), 62-69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i4.232. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/232/225 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/232
The purpose of the paper is to develop a formal method for monitoring and assessment of the process of sustainable national development. In particular, we apply cluster analysis to develop procedures of formal assessment of development gaps, and show how they can be applied for monitoring processes of sustainable development (the method proposed could also be applied for inter-country comparison and assessment of the impact of technical cooperation projects and different internal and external shocks on national development). A formal method is described and implemented for the analysis of national development processes in the Kyrgyz Republic in the period 1992-2000. The study reveals that although in the second part of the nineties many development indicators in the country improved significantly, the development path observed in this period can hardly be classified as sustainable.
Authored by: Jacek Cukrowski, Julia Mironova
Published in 2002
Structural Changes and Problems of Economic Growth of the National Economyijtsrd
The article outlines the structural shifts and problems of economic growth, which are characterized by the presence of significant disparities between the most important structural elements and the predominance of regressive development trends in strategically promising basic sectors of the corresponding infrastructure. Mukhammedova Zarina Murodovna "Structural Changes and Problems of Economic Growth of the National Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46254.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/46254/structural-changes-and-problems-of-economic-growth-of-the-national-economy/mukhammedova-zarina-murodovna
Innovations significantly affect the efficiency of the socio-economic systems of the regions, acting as a system-forming element of their development. Modern models of economic development also consider innovation activity, intellectual potential, knowledge as the basic factors for stimulating the economic growth of the region. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological foundations for evaluating the effectiveness of a regional innovation system based on a multidimensional analysis of its effects. To further study the effectiveness of RIS, we have used one of the methods of multidimensional statistical analysis - canonical analysis. The next approach allows adding another important requirement to the methodological provision of evaluation of the level of innovation development of industries and regions, namely ? the time factor, the formalization of which is realized in autoregressive dynamic economic and mathematical models and can be used in our research. Multidimensional Statistical Analysis for RIS effectiveness estimation was used to model RIS by typological regression. Based on it, multiple regression models were built in groups of regions with low and relatively high innovation potential. To solve the methodological problem of RIS research, we can also use the approach to the system as a ""box"" with inputs and outputs.
Problems in the System of Public Financial Control and Directions for Their S...ijtsrd
This article clarifies the concepts of financial control and public financial control. The article also analyzes national and foreign experience in the organization of public financial control. Based on the analysis, problems in the system of public financial control were identified and proposals for their elimination were developed. Abidov Mansur Ilhomjonovich "Problems in the System of Public Financial Control and Directions for Their Solution" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46408.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/46408/problems-in-the-system-of-public-financial-control-and-directions-for-their-solution/abidov-mansur-ilhomjonovich
Cosmetics are defined as “items with mild action on the human body for the purpose of cleaning, beautifying, adding to the attractiveness, altering the appearance, or keeping or promoting the skin or hair in good condition- while functional cosmetics, even if falling under the cosmetic definition, are designated as “items fulfilling specific actions like skin whitening, minimizing the appearance of lines in the face and body, protecting from the sun and sun tanning-. Ahiya Noor | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "Cosmetic Science: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45135.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45135/cosmetic-science-an-overview/ahiya-noor
Standardization and Formulations of Calotropis ProceraYogeshIJTSRD
Plants growing in arid regions have elicited increased attention, because the hostile environment, in which these plants survive, forces them to develop chemical protective systems through adaptation which is rarely found in vegetation of other ecosystems. Furthermore, many of the plants grow in areas, where the dependence on traditional, plant based medicines over industrially produced pharmaceuticals persists to this day. The two plants, Calotopris Procera giant milkweed, also named C. Persica and Calotropis gigantea crown ower , have been used widely in traditional medicine in North Africa, the Middle East, and South and South East Asia. This has led to extensive research on the chemical constituents of the plants. Both plants are known to be sources of cardenolides, and newer research has yielded a number of interesting cancer active constituents. In addition, extracts of both plants have remarkable nematocidal, molluscidal and insecticidal activities. In many regions, the wood of Calotropis plants has been used as a building material and as a source of fuel. In addition, certain parts of the plants have been used as feed for livestock. In other regions, Calotropis plants are seen as invasive species that threaten local plant life and that due to their toxicity also pose a threat to grazing eld animals. Jaffar Khan | Pankaj Chasta | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "Standardization and Formulations of Calotropis Procera" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45145.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45145/standardization-and-formulations-of-calotropis-procera/jaffar-khan
Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of ParalysisYogeshIJTSRD
Paralysis is a complete loss of motor power in any muscle group. When paralysis affects all four extremities, it is called quadriplegia when it affects only the lower extremities, paraplegia and when it affects the extremities on one side of the body, hemiplegic. For this reason, the term paralysis is generally reserved for more focal, less stereotyped weakness, for instance, affecting all the muscles innervated by a peripheral nerve. Many different anatomical lesions and etiologies can cause paralysis and determine its treatment. Bikash Debsingha | Dr. Gourav Kr. Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Paralysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45108.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacology-/45108/review-of-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-paralysis/bikash-debsingha
Comparative Analysis of Forced Draft Cooling Tower Using Two Design Methods A...YogeshIJTSRD
Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere which results in cooling of the remainder water. The current research reviews various studies conducted on cooling tower using experimental and numerical techniques. Different design configuration and operating conditions on cooling towers are evaluated by various researchers. Significant findings from researches have shown new and improved design of cooling tower with much better performance as compared to conventional design. Neetish Kumar Sao | Dr. Surendra K. Dwivedi "Comparative Analysis of Forced Draft Cooling Tower Using Two Design Methods: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45100.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/45100/comparative-analysis-of-forced-draft-cooling-tower-using-two-design-methods-a-review/neetish-kumar-sao
Criminology Educators Triumphs and StrugglesYogeshIJTSRD
This research study is geared on determining the triumphs and struggles of criminology educators. Included on the aim is to know their experiences and story being considered as teacher by accident. A qualitative research design was applied in this study. Researchers conducted a personal interview with the respondents with the aid of a guide questions which all points to main issue of this study. The findings of the study revealed that out of seven respondents, four are on the age bracket of 21 to 25 years old, two respondents are on the age bracket of 26 to 30 years old and a single respondent is on the age bracket of 36 to 40 years. Most of the respondents find enthusiasm in teaching and are aware that there is a need for them to proceed in post graduate studies for them to have a considerable salary. As to financial stability, only 1out of 7 considers herself as financially stable. The rest are saying that as of the moment, they are not yet financially stable basing on the rate of their salary. Qualification matters a lot in the field of academe because this was being shared by one of the respondents who considers herself as financially stable. Also, all of the respondents do not consider teaching as their first career of choice but most of them does not have any plan of shifting to another career. Girlie N. Cañete | Harry Santiago P. Achas | Pamela N. Cañete "Criminology Educators: Triumphs and Struggles" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45082.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/45082/criminology-educators-triumphs-and-struggles/girlie-n-cañete
A Review Herbal Drugs Used in Skin DisorderYogeshIJTSRD
The human bodys skin is an organ that allows it to interact with the environment while also shielding it from harmful external influences. People of all ages suffer from skin diseases all over the world. Its vital to keep your skin in good form for a healthy physique. Plants have been employed in some form or another since the beginning of time. This research has highlighted some prevalent skin disease issues, as well as the herbals utilized in disease therapy and the various formulations accessible in the pharmaceutical industry. Some medicinal plants have been shown to be quite effective in removing or reducing skin infection disorders. Chandramita Borah | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "A Review: Herbal Drugs Used in Skin Disorder" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45118.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45118/a-review-herbal-drugs-used-in-skin-disorder/chandramita-borah
Automatic Query Expansion Using Word Embedding Based on Fuzzy Graph Connectiv...YogeshIJTSRD
The aim of information retrieval systems is to retrieve relevant information according to the query provided. The queries are often vague and uncertain. Thus, to improve the system, we propose an Automatic Query Expansion technique, to expand the query by adding new terms to the user s initial query so as to minimize query mismatch and thereby improving retrieval performance. Most of the existing techniques for expanding queries do not take into account the degree of semantic relationship among words. In this paper, the query is expanded by exploring terms which are semantically similar to the initial query terms as well as considering the degree of relationship, that is, “fuzzy membership- between them. The terms which seemed most relevant are used in expanded query and improve the information retrieval process. The experiments conducted on the queries set show that the proposed Automatic query expansion approach gave a higher precision, recall, and F measure then non fuzzy edge weights. Tarun Goyal | Ms. Shalini Bhadola | Ms. Kirti Bhatia "Automatic Query Expansion Using Word Embedding Based on Fuzzy Graph Connectivity Measures" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45074.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/45074/automatic-query-expansion-using-word-embedding-based-on-fuzzy-graph-connectivity-measures/tarun-goyal
A New Proposal for Smartphone Based Drowsiness Detection and Warning System f...YogeshIJTSRD
This paper proposes a Smartphone based system for the detection of drowsiness in automotive drivers. The proposed system uses three stage drowsiness detection technique. The first stage uses the percentage of eyelid closure PERCLOS which is obtained by capturing images with the front camera of the Smartphone with a modified eye state classification method. The system uses near infrared lighting for illuminating the face of the driver during night driving. The second step uses the voiced to the unvoiced ratio VUR obtained from the speech data from the microphone, in the event PERCLOS crosses the threshold. The VUR is also compared with a threshold and if it is a value greater than that of the threshold, it moves on to the next verification stage. In the final verification stage, touch response is required within the stipulated time to declare whether the driver is drowsy or not and subsequently sound an alarm. To awake the driver, a vibrating mechanism is done and also the live GPS location is also sent to an emergency contact. We have studied eight other reference papers for the literature review. The system has three advantages over existing drowsiness detection systems. First, the three stage verification process makes the system more reliable. The second advantage is its implementation on an Android smart phone, which is readily available to most drivers or cab owners as compared to other general purpose embedded platforms. The third advantage is the use of SMS service to inform the control room as well as the passenger regarding the loss of attention of the driver. Abishek K Biju | Godwin Jolly | Asif Mohammed C A | Dr. Paul P Mathai | Derek Joseph "A New Proposal for Smartphone-Based Drowsiness Detection and Warning System for Automotive Drivers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45083.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/45083/a-new-proposal-for-smartphonebased-drowsiness-detection-and-warning-system-for-automotive-drivers/abishek-k-biju
Data Security by AES Advanced Encryption StandardYogeshIJTSRD
Now a days with the rapid development of multimedia technologies, research on safety and security are becoming more important. Multimedia data are generated and transmitted through the communication channels and the wireless media. The efficiencies of encryption based on different existing algorithms are not up to the satisfactory limit. Hence researchers are trying to modify the existing algorithm or even develop new algorithms that help to increase security with a little encryption time. Here in this paper, we have furnished a new technology to modify the AES algorithm which gives more security with a little encryption time and which can be used to encrypt using 128 bit key. Theoretical analysis on the proposed algorithm with the existing reveals the novelty of our work. Here we have proposed a technique to randomize the key and hidden the key data into an encrypted digital image using the basics concept of cryptography and also using the concept of digital watermarking, the concept of key hide has also been encrypted. We have also proposed a new technique to reposition the pixels to break the correlation between them. So, the proposed scheme offers a more secure and cost effective mechanism for encryption. Next on the AES criteria list good performance. Widespread market adoption will require reasonably good performance on a variety of platforms, ranging from easy tocrack smart cards to the largest servers. Good algorithm performance includes speed for the encryption and decryption process as well as the key schedule. Prateek Goyal | Ms. Shalini Bhadola | Ms. Kirti Bhatia "Data Security by AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45073.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/45073/data-security-by-aes-advanced-encryption-standard/prateek-goyal
Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of Phyllantus NiruriYogeshIJTSRD
Theorigin of Phyllanthus niruri is tropical America from there it spread as a weed to other tropic and sub tropics. It is a tropical annual herb shrub which grows as weed in moist humid waste land. Phyllanthus niruri is among more than 500 Phyllanthus species that are widely spread in temperate and tropical climates region Lizuka et al., 2007. It grows 30 40 cm in height, has small leaves and yellow flowers the stem has green capsule, and blooms with flowers with 5 white sepals and apical acute anther.38g of Mueller Hinton Agar was dissolved in 1000ml distilled water in a conical flask, the mouth of the conical flask was plugged with cotton woo wrapped in aluminium foil. This was sterilized in an autoclave at 121oC for 15mns. The media was removed and allowed to cool to 45oC, later poured into a sterilized plastic petri plates which were appropriately labeled. The present study revealed the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of phyllanthus niruri. The antimicrobial activity of phyllanthus niruri shows great significant against pathogens which are responsible for common infections of skin, respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. The phytochemical screening of oxalate, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, quinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and steroids were all found to be active within the plant. This bioactive phytochemicals present in P. niruri can be useful for further researches on the plant P. nururi since the phytochemicals have shown preclinical efficacies for treating human diseases’ which include hepatitis and HIV AIDS. This work has compiled the chemical constituents present and can be useful for further researches Dr. Mohammed Musa Lawan | Yusuf Sale Baba "Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of Phyllantus Niruri" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44948.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/44948/antimicrobial-and-phytochemical-screening-of-phyllantus-niruri/dr-mohammed-musa-lawan
There is a need for temperature drop in a buried pipeline based on the media and process. Need of some methodology and design requirement for a set of conditions by reducing pipeline surface temperature and the temperature drops to atmospheric temperature at a particular distance of pipeline. Based on the conduction principle, desire reduction up to atmospheric temperature can be possible. Let us understand by below methods and design of Heat sink for buried pipe line. Natvarbhai Prabhudas Gajjar "Heat Sink for Underground Pipe Line" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45117.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45117/heat-sink-for-underground-pipe-line/natvarbhai-prabhudas-gajjar
Newly Proposed Multi Channel Fiber Optic Cable CoreYogeshIJTSRD
Fiber optic cables have single core and multiple core options, but single and multiple core fiber cable -˜s core design need to be updated. Newly proposed design gives facilities to multiple usage than traditional design of cable core. Cable core design needs improvement by using present technology for decreasing material and cost and by improving efficiency of cable. Research need to be carried out in this direction. What do you think Natvarbhai Prabhudas Gajjar "Newly Proposed Multi Channel Fiber-Optic Cable Core" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45116.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45116/newly-proposed-multi-channel-fiberoptic-cable-core/natvarbhai-prabhudas-gajjar
Security Sector Reform toward Professionalism of Military and PoliceYogeshIJTSRD
The need to understand and at the same time give prescriptions for the direction of security reform in Third world countries after the end of World War II has prompted the emergence of a big project called the study of security reform SSR . Within this framework emerge various theories and strategies for security reform, with various variations, including ideological variations that underlie these theories. The reform of the structural aspect is a reform of the institutional and structure of an institution, the instrumental reform includes the reform of the system, laws and regulations, while the reform of the cultural aspect is a reform of the habits or organizational culture in institutions in general and in particular the Timor Leste’s security institutions, both military and police. Arquimino Ramos "Security Sector Reform toward Professionalism of Military and Police" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45061.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/45061/security-sector-reform-toward-professionalism-of-military-and-police/arquimino-ramos
Stress An Undetachable Condition of LifeYogeshIJTSRD
Stressful life events affects human body, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and effect metabolism and immune system. Recent studies showed increase in stress levels in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the stress levels in MBBS students. The objectives of the study are a To determine the current stress level, b To assess relation between stress level and lifestyle of college students. The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State. A total of 400 medical students were included in the study, which were selected using multi stage sampling aged between 18 years to 25 years. Students were questioned regarding their socioeconomic and life style parameters. The results showed that physical activity such as walking, exercise, yoga, meditation etc. were associated to stress levels. College students showed high stress levels with more satisfaction were mostly smokers. Their major reason for eating junk food and smoking was, increase in stress. Conclusion Majority of students suffered from moderate stress levels. Despite of having stress they were happy and satisfied with life with less no internet addiction. Spirituality and stress scales had a positive correlation as most of the students were averagely highly spiritual. Discriminant function can be used to determine the stress level of a person using age, BMI, internet addiction, spirituality, happiness scale and life satisfaction scale of that person. Jayshree N. Tolani | Dr. Nitinkumar D. Shah "Stress: An Undetachable Condition of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45054.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45054/stress-an-undetachable-condition-of-life/jayshree-n-tolani
Comparative Studies of Diabetes in Adult Nigerians Lipid Profile and Antioxid...YogeshIJTSRD
The study sought to determine the extent to which the usage of social media in the marketing of agricultural products in South West Nigeria can enhance farmers turnover. It employed the survey research design to collect data with the help of a structured questionnaire to elicit information from respondents selected from six 6 south western states. Research data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that the use of social media WhatsApp and Facebook in marketing of agricultural products significantly enhances farmers turnover. The managerial implication is that use of Whatsapp and Facebook in the marketing of agricultural products for the enhancement of farmers’ turnover was found to have significant influence on the enhancement in farmers’ turnover from agricultural products. Policy makers in government should provide the enabling environment for the telecommunication companies to enhance their reach by installing their facilities across the length and breadth of the country so that the network coverage will be strong at all times so that the benefits of social media usage will not be constrained. Egejuru, Leonard O | Akubugwo, Emmanuel I | Ugorji, Beatrice N "Comparative Studies of Diabetes in Adult Nigerians: Lipid Profile and Antioxidants Vitamins (A and C)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45021.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biochemistry/45021/comparative-studies-of-diabetes-in-adult-nigerians-lipid-profile-and-antioxidants-vitamins-a-and-c/egejuru-leonard-o
To Assess the Severity and Mortality among Covid 19 Patients after Having Vac...YogeshIJTSRD
The severity and mortality of COVID 19 cases has been associated with the Three category such as vaccination status, severity of disease and outcome. Objective presently study was aimed to assess the severity and mortality among covid 19 patients. Methods Using simple lottery random method 100 samples were selected. From these 100 patients, 50 patients were randomly assigned to case group and 50 patients in control group after informed consents of relative obtained. Patients in the case group who being died after got COVID 19 whereas 50 patients in the control group participated who were survive after got infected from COVID 19 patients. Result It has three categories such as a Vaccination status For the vaccination status we have seen 59 patients were not vaccinated and 41 patients was vaccinated out of 100. b Incidence There were 41 patients were vaccinated whereas 59 patients were not vaccinated. c Severity In the case of mortality we selected 50 patients who were died from the Corona and I got to know that out of 50 patients there were 12 24 patients were vaccinated whereas 38 76 patients were non vaccinated. Although for the 50 control survival group total 29 58 patients were vaccinated and 21 42 patients was not vaccinated all graph start. Conclusion we have find out that those people who got vaccinated were less infected and mortality rate very low. Prof. (Dr) Binod Kumar Singh | Dr. Saroj Kumar | Ms. Anuradha Sharma "To Assess the Severity and Mortality among Covid-19 Patients after Having Vaccinated: A Retrospective Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45065.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45065/to-assess-the-severity-and-mortality-among-covid19-patients-after-having-vaccinated-a-retrospective-study/prof-dr-binod-kumar-singh
Novel Drug Delivery System An OverviewYogeshIJTSRD
In present scenario evolution of an existing drug molecule from a old form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, safety and efficacy. In the form of a control drug delivery system an existing drug molecule can get a new life. An appropriately designed Novel Drug Delivery System can be a major advance for solving the problems related towards the release of the drug at specific site with specific rate. The porpuse for delivering drugs to patients efficiently and with fewer side effects has prompted pharmaceutical companies to engage in the development of new drug delivery system. This article covers the basic information regarding Novel Drug Delivery Systems and also advantages, factor etc. Chiranjit Barman | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45068.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/novel-drug-delivery-sys/45068/novel-drug-delivery-system-an-overview/chiranjit-barman
With the growth of technology their grows threat to our data which is just secured by passwords so to make it more secure biometrics came into existence. As biometric systems are adopted and accepted for security purpose for various information and security systems. Hence it is immune to attacks. This paper deals with the security of biometric details of individuals. In this paper we will be discussing about biometrics and its types and the threats and security issues which is not talked about usually. The different technologies evolved and had contributed to biometrics in long run and their effects. Sushmita Raulo | Saurabh Gawade "Security Issues Related to Biometrics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44951.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/44951/security-issues-related-to-biometrics/sushmita-raulo
Comparative Analysis of Different Numerical Methods for the Solution of Initi...YogeshIJTSRD
A mathematical equation which involves a function and its derivatives is called a differential equation. We consider a real life situation, from this form a mathematical model, solve that model using some mathematical concepts and take interpretation of solution. It is a well known and popular concept in mathematics because of its massive application in real world problems. Differential equations are one of the most important mathematical tools used in modeling problems in Physics, Biology, Economics, Chemistry, Engineering and medical Sciences. Differential equation can describe many situations viz exponential growth and de cay, the population growth of species, the change in investment return over time. We can solve differential equations using classical as well as numerical methods, In this paper we compare numerical methods of solving initial valued first order ordinary differential equations namely Euler method, Improved Euler method, Runge Kutta method and their accuracy level. We use here Scilab Software to obtain direct solution for these methods. Vibahvari Tukaram Dhokrat "Comparative Analysis of Different Numerical Methods for the Solution of Initial Value Problems in First Order Ordinary Differential Equations" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45066.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/45066/comparative-analysis-of-different-numerical-methods-for-the-solution-of-initial-value-problems-in-first-order-ordinary-differential-equations/vibahvari-tukaram-dhokrat
Evaluation of Different Paving Mixes Using Optimum Stabilizing ContentYogeshIJTSRD
Bituminous mixes are most commonly used all over the world in flexible pavement construction. It consists of asphalt or bitumen used as a binder and mineral aggregate which are mixed together, laid down in layers and then compacted. Under normal circumstances, conventional bituminous pavements if designed and executed properly perform quite satisfactorily but the performance of bituminous mixes is very poor under various situations. Today’s asphaltic concrete pavements are expected to perform better as they are experiencing increased volume of traffic, increased loads and increased variations in daily or seasonal temperature over what has been experienced in the past. In addition, the performance of bituminous pavements is found to be very poor in moisture induced situations. Considering this a lot of work has been done on use of additives in bituminous mixtures and as well as on modification of bitumen. Research has indicated that the addition of polymers to asphalt binders helps to increase the interfacial cohesiveness of the bond between the aggregate and the binder which can enhance many properties of the asphalt pavements to help meet these increased demands. However, the additive that is to be used for modification of mix or binder should satisfy both the strength requirements as well as economical aspects. Naveen Kumar | Ms. Shivani "Evaluation of Different Paving Mixes Using Optimum Stabilizing Content" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45089.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/45089/evaluation-of-different-paving-mixes-using-optimum-stabilizing-content/naveen-kumar
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
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Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Special Issue on International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life
Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470
ID: IJTSRD38498 | Special Issue on International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life Page 29
Methods of Macroeconomic Modeling
Mukhitdinov Khudoyar Suyunovich1, Juraev Farrukh Do’stmirzayevich2
1Professor of Karshi Engineering-Economics Institute, Qarshi, Uzbekistan
2Researcher of Karshi Engineering-Economics Institute, Qarshi, Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
The article describes the importance and relevance of
macroeconomic modeling in the development of economic
sectors. The problems of applying the methods of
macroeconomic modeling (both optimization and
simulation) in the practice of planning and managing the
national economy are analyzed.
KEYWORDS: Economy, macroeconomic modeling, forecast,
optimization, imitation, national economy, regulation of the
economy
INTRODUCTION
Large-scale reforming of the economy of Uzbekistan during
the period of renewal and social progress is primarily aimed
at “creating a powerful, stable and dynamically developing
economy, ensuring the growth of national wealth,
independence of the republic, decent living conditions and
people's activities; gradual formation of a socially oriented
market economy ... "1.
In this process, macroeconomic models, which are a
mathematically formalized concept of the functioning of the
national economy as a whole, have a particularly important
role in the analysis and forecastingofstructural anddynamic
changes in the national economy and in identifying the
effectiveness of state economic regulation.
Thus the basic problems of these models should be a life
focused on the study of market and economic conditions of
growth, commodity o financial flows, the social protection of
the population and others.
FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM
The main purpose of modern macroeconomic models is to
determine the rates and proportions of the development of
the national economy of the republic and its most important
sectors and to identify the effectiveness of state economic
regulation during a gradual transition and market relations.
“State regulation of economic and social will be carried out
with the help of well-known instruments-financial, credit,
tax, currency policy, price control, and other measures of
indirect influence. It is in this way that you can come to a
civilized market; create the necessary conditions for it"2.
In developed countries, macroeconomic modeling has
become indispensable.
1Указ Президента Республики Узбекистан №УП-4947 от
7.02.2017г. «О стратегии действий по дальнейшему развитию
Республики Узбекистан»//Собрание законодательства
Республики Узбекистан, 2017, №6, ст.45
2Указ Президента Республики Узбекистан №УП-4947 от
7.02.2017г. «О стратегии действий по дальнейшему развитию
Республики Узбекистан»//Собрание законодательства
Республики Узбекистан, 2017, №6, ст.70
An element of the system of state regulation of the economy.
For example, in Japan on the basis of long-termandmedium-
term forecast calculations, which use camping macro model
complex systems of different sectors of the
economy(production and consumption of tangible and
intangible products and services, financial performance,
demographics and labor activity, foreign trade and others),
formed by the government's economic policy based on
purely economic regulators (tax and credit rates, customs
duties, volumes and directions of the state investment and
others).
In the USA, there is an extensive and I have a network of
scientific and business entitiestionsdealing with the socio-
economic forecasts for the national economy as a whole, its
individual sectors and regions, the analysis of individual
problems (in particular, employment in connection with the
spread of information technology), the collection and
statistical processingofvariousmacroeconomicinformation,
as well as quickly providing it to consumers in a convenient
form using computer networks and computer facilities.
In the 70s, the development of anotherdirectionof economic
and mathematical tools and simulation, based on principles
other than optimization, began.
Their essence lies in the fact that if in optimization
approaches the role of the leader (decision-maker-decision
maker), in fact, fulfills the criterion of optimality, then in
imitation dialogue systems (they are also called interactive
systems), the decision is made by a person based on formal
and intuitive ideas about the goals of management, based on
their knowledge and experience. In this case, the system
itself, or rather, its algorithmic part, plays the role of a
calculator of alternative options at the request of a person.
However, active attempts to introduce methods of
macroeconomic modeling (both optimization and
simulation) into the practice of planning and managing the
national economy of the CIS republics have been
unsuccessful for the following reasons:
1. Planning "from achieved" did not require subtle
optimization approaches;
2. There was an unqualified intervention ofadministrative
and bureaucratic bodies in the course of the
implementation of the national economic plan;
3. Incomplete combine the interests of economic entities-
population, organizations, and before the enterprises,
ministries and score, states, regions, foreign partners;
4. extensive and ruinous methods of management have
created a "shadow economy", ordeal with Twain
preserving scarcity of raw materials and consumer
goods, and not to succumb to the economic dimension;
5. As a result of unsatisfactory material and technical
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
ID: IJTSRD38498 | Special Issue on International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life Page 30
equipment, undeveloped statistical base, low level of
payment for intellectual labor, and other reasons, the
theory, methodology and practiceofsuchmodelinghave
significantly lagged behind world achievements.
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
The retrospective analysis of predictive macroeconomic
studies indicates that in recent years more attention has
been paid to the development of specific methods of
macroeconomic modeling, as a result of which the
relationship between the theory and practice ofapplyingthe
methods of system analysis,complexmodelingofthedesired
(or expected) trajectories of development of the regional
economy, taking into account market behavior and
harmonization of subjective economic interests. So, for
example, in work3the idea of creating an imitation system of
macro models to substantiate the consolidated economic
indicators of the development of Uzbekistan is embodied in
the work. The basis of the proposed system is made up of
private econometric macro models, which are practically
used for the analysis and forecasting of summary indicators
of the regulated market economy of the region (gross
national product, consumer price indices, parameters of
economic interrelation, summary financial and other
indicators), based on optimization of the industry (sectoral)
the structure of production capital investments according to
the criterion of the maximum national income and expert
assessment of the quality of options for macroeconomic
decisions.
In our opinion, the prospect of these studies consists in the
creation of a flexible and universal cybernetic subsystem of
complex macroeconomic modeling within the framework of
the integratedrepublicaninformationprocessingsystem and
the national accounting system.
The figure shows a schematic diagram of the developmentof
macroeconomic forecasts based on a multi-stage iterative
approach, the essence of which is as follows. At the initial
stage, an autonomous forecasting of aggregate
macroeconomic indicators is carried out using
macroeconomic models and general trends in the rate and
proportion of national production are determined. Based on
this approach, those upper and lower boundaries of
reproduction processes are identified,withintheframework
of which private, local, sectoral, regional and other types of
forecasts should be determined, i.e. these latter should be
based on the preliminary parameters of the aggregate
macroeconomic forecasts. On the other hand, private local,
sectorial, regional and other types of forecasts make it
possible, by summing their indicators,toobtainconsolidated
macroeconomic forecasts. They make it possible, by
summing up their indicators, to obtain a consolidated
macroeconomic forecast as a whole at the republican level.
On the basis of integrated forecasts, the initially compiled
orienting consolidated macroeconomic forecasts are
corrected. Thus, the consolidated macroeconomic forecast
acts as both the initial (initial, orienting) means of
autonomously carryingoutvariousforecastcalculations,and
the final, final tool for the formation of a comprehensive
national economic forecast.
3Чепель С.В. Интеллектуальные компьютерные системы и
макромодели функционирования экономики Узбекистана в
условиях перехода к рынку.-Ташкент: Фан, 1992.-136с.
The proposed complex of macro models for forecasting the
socio-economic indicators of the republic in the sections of
the most important sectors (industry, agro-industrial
complex, construction, transport and about them) and
regions is based on the complex application of the following
methods:
inertial-genetic methods of macroeconomic research
(passive forecast);
normative-target methods of macroeconomic research
(active forecast);
mathematics and statistical methods of forecasting
resources and factors of national production;
methods for assessing, agreeing and making
macroeconomic forecast decisions.
Inertial genetic methods, taking into account retrospective
trends and patterns, are used to identify the expected
trajectories of regional or sectoral macroeconomic
development. Prospective development characteristics are
assessed on the basis of the most adequately constructed
extrapolation and adaptive econometric models of passive
forecasting. The main function of passive macroeconomic
forecasting is the preparation of analytical and signal
information on the rates and proportions of economic
development in order to compare with the desired options
for long-term development, as well as identify and
substantiate especially important, programmatic national
economic problems (fig.1).
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
ID: IJTSRD38498 | Special Issue on International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life Page 31
Fig.1. Comprehensive national economic forecast scheme
When determining the "desired" options for long-term
development, it is advisable to use normative-target
research methods based on pre-formulated goals and
scientifically grounded rates of production costs,
consumption, accumulation, foreign economic activity, etc.
Active forecasts carried out using models of natural value
and dynamic inter-sectorial balances,oneandmanyproduct
optimization models, are designed to determine various
options for macroeconomic development with the aim of
directing the socio-economic system along the "desired"
trajectories. They use various (hypotheses of changes in the
main regulatory (control) parameters, established
depending on the availability of resources, market
conditions, standards and targets.
Forecasting methods for assessing resources and factors of
production are based on the use of private economic and
mathematical models: reproduction of the population and
labor resources;demandand consumptionofthepopulation;
economic growth (equilibrium); forecasting financial
resources; scientific and technical progress (STP) and
ecological condition of the region and others. Methods of
purposeful enumeration of development options by varying
the values of macroeconomic regulators (such as tax and
macroeconomic
model objectives
Autonomous forecasting of
aggregate macroeconomic
indicators
General trends in the rate
and proportions of national
production
Upper and lower boundaries
of reproduction processes
Assessment, approval, adjustment and issuance of solutions
to macroeconomic problems
Comprehensive national economic
forecast
…………………………..
Regional models
Industry models
Local models
Private models
Integrated forecasts of social
and economic development of
the Republic
Private, local, sectoral, regional and
others, forecasts of socio-economic
indicators
First approach Second approach
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
ID: IJTSRD38498 | Special Issue on International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life Page 32
interest rates, directions and amounts of financial benefits,
government investment, financing of social programs and
other.) are used as a reliable tool for obtaining coordinated
macroeconomic decisions. are the basis of simulation. A
series of variant calculations is performed within the
framework of a human-machine simulation system, which
includes a simulation model and a human-expert - decision
maker, who manages the entire process of assessing and
choosing the best option. This choice is made by comparing
the options for macroeconomic development in dynamics
based on comparing the meaning of various formal criteria
and informal assessments. In this case, the decision maker
has the ability to change not only the sets of values of the
control parameters (regulators), but also to vary the
estimates of the significance of various goals. It is on this
principle that the simulation model developed bytheauthor
for assessing the effectiveness of social production is built5.
CONCLUSION
In general, the development of macroeconomic models is
broken down into the following six interrelated stages:
1. Socio-economic analysis - identification of cause-and-
effect relationships, theoretical principles and stable
patterns of development of the national economy;
2. Construction of a formalized model in the form of a
system of identities, equations and inequalities, i.e.
economic and mathematical formalization of the model
in order to assess the value of control parameters and
endogenous variables based on exogenously set
indicators;
3. Selection of strategic (key) variables of the model and
determination of alternative optionsformacroeconomic
management decisions;
4. Development of an algorithm and application programs
for automating the solution of macroeconomic models;
5. Checking the adequacy of the model on empirical
material;
6. Conducting macroeconomic forecasting calculations
using a real example, assessing and analyzing the
feasibility of the solutions found.
The practical significance of the conducted macroeconomic
model developments is determined by their flexibility,multi
functionality, orientation towards the existing static nature,
reliability and explain ability of the results obtained, which
serves as the basis for their recommendationsasa toolkitfor
monitoring the economic situation, i.e. tracking the state of
the market system based on intellectualized information
technology.
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