The article analyzes the quality of higher education and its economic diagnosis. Defined methods for modeling economic diagnostics. There are scientific conclusions and practical recommendations on the economic assessment of the quality of higher education. by Sotvoldiev Nodirbek Jurabaevich and Sirojiddinov Ikromiddin Kutbiddinovich 2020. Economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education and the basics of its modeling. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 4 (Mar. 2020), 62-69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i4.232. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/232/225 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/232
This study provides a gender analysis of public sector budgets in education sector of Pakistan. An indepth analysis of pre-primary to secondary level education budgetary allocations and spending at federal and provincial (Punjab and Sindh) levels for the period of 2016-18 has been conducted through a gender lens. The research methodology is based on four key instruments, which help in systematically approaching our research questions. These instruments include review of existing secondary information and data, key informant interviews, stakeholder consultations, and a detailed review of budgetary processes. The study reveals gender disparity in out-of-school children at primary level. According to the study, 47 per cent boys as opposed to 58 per cent girls in Sindh whereas 39 per cent boys as opposed to 41 per cent girls were out-of-school in the Punjab. The study also finds noticeable gender disparities in budgetary allocations. The study concludes that in order to ensure sufficient allocations to promote girls’ education, the budget making process needs to be reconfigured. The gender lens should be introduced at a very early stage where budget call circulars are being sent to the departments concerned.
The aim of national macroscopic education is cultivating students’ personal quality and learning ability, but the choice of selecting talents by exam as an alternative standard has aroused the upsurge of "exam-oriented education" from primary school to university. From the perspective of new institutional economics, the traditional teaching concept of "exam-oriented education" is deeply rooted in people’ mind because of the lack of effective property rights incentive system, such as transaction cost, path dependence and signal theory. As a derivative substitute, the exam can reduce the transaction cost, yet on the other hand, from the view of signal theory, it regards "score" as a signal to judge "quality and ability", which leads to asymmetric information and will have a great influence on the training of object of students and receiving objects of society as well as social relations. It’s difficult for talents under exam-oriented education to adapt to the market economy in the disposition ability. This developing method causes the waste of social resources, which is contrary to the training goal. This paper studies and discusses the economic reasons of exam-oriented education from the perspective of new institutional economics, analyzes the necessity of quality-oriented education and puts forward specific methods and strategies.
Changes in the System of Higher Education in the New UzbekistanYogeshIJTSRD
The article reflects on the existing problems in the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the positive changes that have taken place in recent years as a result of measures aimed at developing this area. In particular, the analysis focuses on reforms aimed at realizing the aspirations of the countrys youth to higher education. Ismailov Ikromjon "Changes in the System of Higher Education in the New Uzbekistan" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38274.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38274/changes-in-the-system-of-higher-education-in-the-new-uzbekistan/ismailov-ikromjon
This study provides a gender analysis of public sector budgets in education sector of Pakistan. An indepth analysis of pre-primary to secondary level education budgetary allocations and spending at federal and provincial (Punjab and Sindh) levels for the period of 2016-18 has been conducted through a gender lens. The research methodology is based on four key instruments, which help in systematically approaching our research questions. These instruments include review of existing secondary information and data, key informant interviews, stakeholder consultations, and a detailed review of budgetary processes. The study reveals gender disparity in out-of-school children at primary level. According to the study, 47 per cent boys as opposed to 58 per cent girls in Sindh whereas 39 per cent boys as opposed to 41 per cent girls were out-of-school in the Punjab. The study also finds noticeable gender disparities in budgetary allocations. The study concludes that in order to ensure sufficient allocations to promote girls’ education, the budget making process needs to be reconfigured. The gender lens should be introduced at a very early stage where budget call circulars are being sent to the departments concerned.
The aim of national macroscopic education is cultivating students’ personal quality and learning ability, but the choice of selecting talents by exam as an alternative standard has aroused the upsurge of "exam-oriented education" from primary school to university. From the perspective of new institutional economics, the traditional teaching concept of "exam-oriented education" is deeply rooted in people’ mind because of the lack of effective property rights incentive system, such as transaction cost, path dependence and signal theory. As a derivative substitute, the exam can reduce the transaction cost, yet on the other hand, from the view of signal theory, it regards "score" as a signal to judge "quality and ability", which leads to asymmetric information and will have a great influence on the training of object of students and receiving objects of society as well as social relations. It’s difficult for talents under exam-oriented education to adapt to the market economy in the disposition ability. This developing method causes the waste of social resources, which is contrary to the training goal. This paper studies and discusses the economic reasons of exam-oriented education from the perspective of new institutional economics, analyzes the necessity of quality-oriented education and puts forward specific methods and strategies.
Changes in the System of Higher Education in the New UzbekistanYogeshIJTSRD
The article reflects on the existing problems in the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the positive changes that have taken place in recent years as a result of measures aimed at developing this area. In particular, the analysis focuses on reforms aimed at realizing the aspirations of the countrys youth to higher education. Ismailov Ikromjon "Changes in the System of Higher Education in the New Uzbekistan" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Research Development and Scientific Excellence in Academic Life , March 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38274.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38274/changes-in-the-system-of-higher-education-in-the-new-uzbekistan/ismailov-ikromjon
An assessment of satisfaction of the population with reforms in education sph...infoncepakz
JSC “Information-Analytic Center” has conducted three
sociological researches jointly with sociological agencies in 2014.
Results of researches have showed the following results.
1. "An assessment of satisfaction of the population with reforms in
education sphere by levels" (together with "The center of studying the
public opinion", 6400 respondents).
Brief information on the organization:
The main field - sociological and market researches, coverage across
Kazakhstan and the countries of Central Asia. 25 years of expertise in the market.
Resources:
a) Own well-adjusted regional network across Kazakhstan;
b) 345 constant interviewers in all regions of the country;
c) 18 skilled supervisors;
d) 12 professional employees at the office of the company in Almaty;
e) Monitoring service in Almaty.
CSPO's personnel is experts in the field of sociology, economy and public opinion
in Kazakhstan, experts of the international organizations, members of the
international associations.
Own material resource base and office, computer and audiovisual equipment,
large and specialized types of various surveys across Kazakhstan and Central
Asia.
The purpose of this sociological research is the assessment of
satisfaction of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the
reforms in education sphere by levels as follows: preschool education
and training, secondary education, technical and professional
education, higher and postgraduate education.
Research problems:
1.To study opinions of the population of RoK on the quality of
education;
2.To evaluate the satisfaction of the population of RK with the
reforms in education:
2.1 in preschool education and training
2.2 in secondary education
2.3 in technical and professional education
2.4 in higher and postgraduate education.
Dynamics of Educational Decentralisation on Effective Management of Primary S...ijtsrd
The purpose of this indicative comparative analysis is an initial identification of key issues for the education sector that arise from its implementation of government decentralization policies. The system of education management is being gradually decentralised and de concentrated on the basis of the subsidiarity principle, as decentralisation is seen as one of the key strategies for reforming and reshaping educational institutions. The present paper tackles the questions about how the interaction of education decentralisation, what changes occur in the process of school management with the increase of school autonomy and what are the conditions for the process of effective school autonomisation. Despite decentralization of education functions through delegation and deconcentration of functions, there are still concerns of ineffectiveness in service delivery especially at the local level. The importance and the impact of raising education quality gives added weight to the question, "Can education decentralization raise quality " Education decentralization policies are prevalent around the world. The objectives of such policies especially those increasing school autonomy and local governance may include improving service delivery, but more commonly involve shifting political power or funding responsibilities. Whatever motivation for education decentralization, such policies may lead to improvements in the quality of education. This paper examines the potential of education decentralization to improve management and performance, as reflected in educational outcomes and changes in the determinants of those outcomes in three parts The conceptual arguments for such a relationship "¢ The empirical evidence of the impacts of education decentralization, Better design and implementation of decentralization policy to leverage its impact on quality management. Massa Ernest Massa "Dynamics of Educational Decentralisation on Effective Management of Primary Schools: Lessons for Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31194.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/31194/dynamics-of-educational-decentralisation-on-effective-management-of-primary-schools-lessons-for-cameroon/massa-ernest-massa
The Grey Correlation Analysis of the Coordinated Development of Education and...journal ijrtem
The coordinated development of education and economy is the objective requirement of the
economic and social development. Based on the present situation of education and economic development in
Shaanxi Province, this paper used the grey system theory, and took the statistical data of education and economy
in Shaanxi Province as an empirical calculus, and analysed the relationship between education and economic
development in Shaanxi province. The analysis results show that the correlation coefficient of education and
economic development indicators in Shaanxi is 0.5202, which has a positive correlation and a strong correlation
on the whole. This shows that education investment in Shaanxi is insufficient and cannot fully promote the
development of the economy.
We analyze Georgian education finance and show that it is embedded in the overall structure of Georgian rayon finances, reflecting all their weaknesses: inequalities, lack of transparency, unmanageability, room for corruption. The budgetary and political independence of rayons is very limited. The steep fiscal inequalities between rayons are only partially and ineffectively addressed by the system of transfers. The transfers moreover are heavily negotiated and non-transparent.
Thus education finances depend on general income of the rayons, which effectively determines the level of financing. At the same time, however, the role of the rayons in the management of the sector is very limited.
Authored by: Jan Herczynski
Published in 2002
‘If you do not know where you are going, any road will take you there. [Educational planning] is about choosing a direction and destination first, deciding on the route and intermediary stops required to get there, checking progress against a map and making course adjustments as required in order to realise the desired objectives.’ (UNESCO 2011: 1)
Life Science Students’ Expectations on the Importance and Impact of Education...Adela Banciu
The aim of the study was to determine the students' expectations before and after MSc and teachers' perception of the educational process from the perspective of developing
employment opportunities.
Science, Education and Innovations in the context of modern problems - SEI (2790-0169)
IMCRA - International Meetings and Conferences Research Association
Sources of Innovative Management of General Secondary Schools in the Conditio...ijtsrd
The article discusses the sources of innovative management of general secondary schools in the context of modernization of education. Taylakov Muhammad Norbek Oglu "Sources of Innovative Management of General Secondary Schools in the Conditions of Modernization of Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49211.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49211/sources-of-innovative-management-of-general-secondary-schools-in-the-conditions-of-modernization-of-education/taylakov-muhammad-norbek-oglu
An assessment of satisfaction of the population with reforms in education sph...infoncepakz
JSC “Information-Analytic Center” has conducted three
sociological researches jointly with sociological agencies in 2014.
Results of researches have showed the following results.
1. "An assessment of satisfaction of the population with reforms in
education sphere by levels" (together with "The center of studying the
public opinion", 6400 respondents).
Brief information on the organization:
The main field - sociological and market researches, coverage across
Kazakhstan and the countries of Central Asia. 25 years of expertise in the market.
Resources:
a) Own well-adjusted regional network across Kazakhstan;
b) 345 constant interviewers in all regions of the country;
c) 18 skilled supervisors;
d) 12 professional employees at the office of the company in Almaty;
e) Monitoring service in Almaty.
CSPO's personnel is experts in the field of sociology, economy and public opinion
in Kazakhstan, experts of the international organizations, members of the
international associations.
Own material resource base and office, computer and audiovisual equipment,
large and specialized types of various surveys across Kazakhstan and Central
Asia.
The purpose of this sociological research is the assessment of
satisfaction of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the
reforms in education sphere by levels as follows: preschool education
and training, secondary education, technical and professional
education, higher and postgraduate education.
Research problems:
1.To study opinions of the population of RoK on the quality of
education;
2.To evaluate the satisfaction of the population of RK with the
reforms in education:
2.1 in preschool education and training
2.2 in secondary education
2.3 in technical and professional education
2.4 in higher and postgraduate education.
Dynamics of Educational Decentralisation on Effective Management of Primary S...ijtsrd
The purpose of this indicative comparative analysis is an initial identification of key issues for the education sector that arise from its implementation of government decentralization policies. The system of education management is being gradually decentralised and de concentrated on the basis of the subsidiarity principle, as decentralisation is seen as one of the key strategies for reforming and reshaping educational institutions. The present paper tackles the questions about how the interaction of education decentralisation, what changes occur in the process of school management with the increase of school autonomy and what are the conditions for the process of effective school autonomisation. Despite decentralization of education functions through delegation and deconcentration of functions, there are still concerns of ineffectiveness in service delivery especially at the local level. The importance and the impact of raising education quality gives added weight to the question, "Can education decentralization raise quality " Education decentralization policies are prevalent around the world. The objectives of such policies especially those increasing school autonomy and local governance may include improving service delivery, but more commonly involve shifting political power or funding responsibilities. Whatever motivation for education decentralization, such policies may lead to improvements in the quality of education. This paper examines the potential of education decentralization to improve management and performance, as reflected in educational outcomes and changes in the determinants of those outcomes in three parts The conceptual arguments for such a relationship "¢ The empirical evidence of the impacts of education decentralization, Better design and implementation of decentralization policy to leverage its impact on quality management. Massa Ernest Massa "Dynamics of Educational Decentralisation on Effective Management of Primary Schools: Lessons for Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31194.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/31194/dynamics-of-educational-decentralisation-on-effective-management-of-primary-schools-lessons-for-cameroon/massa-ernest-massa
The Grey Correlation Analysis of the Coordinated Development of Education and...journal ijrtem
The coordinated development of education and economy is the objective requirement of the
economic and social development. Based on the present situation of education and economic development in
Shaanxi Province, this paper used the grey system theory, and took the statistical data of education and economy
in Shaanxi Province as an empirical calculus, and analysed the relationship between education and economic
development in Shaanxi province. The analysis results show that the correlation coefficient of education and
economic development indicators in Shaanxi is 0.5202, which has a positive correlation and a strong correlation
on the whole. This shows that education investment in Shaanxi is insufficient and cannot fully promote the
development of the economy.
We analyze Georgian education finance and show that it is embedded in the overall structure of Georgian rayon finances, reflecting all their weaknesses: inequalities, lack of transparency, unmanageability, room for corruption. The budgetary and political independence of rayons is very limited. The steep fiscal inequalities between rayons are only partially and ineffectively addressed by the system of transfers. The transfers moreover are heavily negotiated and non-transparent.
Thus education finances depend on general income of the rayons, which effectively determines the level of financing. At the same time, however, the role of the rayons in the management of the sector is very limited.
Authored by: Jan Herczynski
Published in 2002
‘If you do not know where you are going, any road will take you there. [Educational planning] is about choosing a direction and destination first, deciding on the route and intermediary stops required to get there, checking progress against a map and making course adjustments as required in order to realise the desired objectives.’ (UNESCO 2011: 1)
Life Science Students’ Expectations on the Importance and Impact of Education...Adela Banciu
The aim of the study was to determine the students' expectations before and after MSc and teachers' perception of the educational process from the perspective of developing
employment opportunities.
Science, Education and Innovations in the context of modern problems - SEI (2790-0169)
IMCRA - International Meetings and Conferences Research Association
Sources of Innovative Management of General Secondary Schools in the Conditio...ijtsrd
The article discusses the sources of innovative management of general secondary schools in the context of modernization of education. Taylakov Muhammad Norbek Oglu "Sources of Innovative Management of General Secondary Schools in the Conditions of Modernization of Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49211.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49211/sources-of-innovative-management-of-general-secondary-schools-in-the-conditions-of-modernization-of-education/taylakov-muhammad-norbek-oglu
The Influence of Economic Teachers Attitude towards the Implementation of Con...ijtsrd
This paper sought to investigate “The Influence of Economic Teachers attitude towards the Implementation of Continuous Assessment in Economics in Secondary Schools in the North West Region of Cameroon”. A descriptive survey was considered suitable for this study. 77 economics teachers in the North West region were considered as population for the study. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit respondents from the seven divisions in the North West region who answered the questionnaire. A Pearson Product moment Correlation coefficient and a regression analysis was the parametric statistical test to test the hypothesis at a 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that teachers’ attitude towards continuous assessment has an effect on its implementation. The researcher recommended that teachers should act as role models within their respective responsibilities. Mbong Mary Wallang | Dr Agborbechem Peter Tambi "The Influence of Economic Teachers Attitude towards the Implementation of Continuous Assessment in Economics in Secondary Schools in the North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31732.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/31732/the-influence-of-economic-teachers-attitude-towards-the-implementation-of-continuous-assessment-in-economics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-north-west-region-of-cameroon/mbong-mary-wallang
Monitoring of Educational Processes in Higher Education Institutionsijtsrd
The article describes practical and foreign experience in the educational process in higher education, its quality monitoring. Recommendations have been developed for this type of activity. Askarov Abror Davlatmirzaevich "Monitoring of Educational Processes in Higher Education Institutions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd48069.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/48069/monitoring-of-educational-processes-in-higher-education-institutions/askarov-abror-davlatmirzaevich
From Global Educational Experiences in the Development of National Education ...ijtsrd
This article describes in detail the necessary methods of using global educational experience in the development and progress of the national education system on the basis of the decrees and decrees of the President. Also, large scale reforms in the national education system in recent years the establishment of a new vocational education system, for the first time since the current academic year, entrepreneurship oriented curricula in vocational education institutions to be introduced as an experimental test. along with the creation and implementation of curricula based on a competency based approach from the new academic year, there was a detailed discussion of the achievements and shortcomings of Distance Education. Samatova Shohsanam Kholmuhammad Qizi "From Global Educational Experiences in the Development of National Education Methods of Use" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd48063.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/48063/from-global-educational-experiences-in-the-development-of-national-education-methods-of-use/samatova-shohsanam-kholmuhammad-qizi
Modernization of the Education System as a Factor of Social DevelopmentYogeshIJTSRD
This article is devoted to the process of modernization of the education system of Uzbekistan. From year to year, education policy is changing, updating and improving. Integration into international education policy is accelerating. The study of problems in education has always been relevant. This article also focuses on the educational policy of Uzbekistan and the process of modernization in it and provides a scientific analysis. Nazirova Dilfuza | Nalibaeva Zulhumor "Modernization of the Education System as a Factor of Social Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39916.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/39916/modernization-of-the-education-system-as-a-factor-of-social-development/nazirova-dilfuza
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
The Impact of Employment Progression on Students Towards Higher Educationinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Professional Development of Mongolian Teachers A Case Study in Primary Schoolsijtsrd
This research work examines the fluidity of professional development activities on principal factors at the teacher level that are important for primary school teachers of Mongolia. The result of the study shows that there are 4 factors of the level of education that are important for the professional development of teachers. This supplies evidence of support to education professionals for the implementation of effective professional development programs to promote integration in education, especially in the context of the developing country. Erdenetsogt Togosmaa | Enkhbileg Tsendsuren | Tsevegdorj Battsetseg ""Professional Development of Mongolian Teachers: A Case Study in Primary Schools"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23815.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23815/professional-development-of-mongolian-teachers-a-case-study-in-primary-schools/erdenetsogt-togosmaa
Evaluation Study of National Examination and Student New Admission in Efforts...inventionjournals
This study aims to determine: the implementation of the new admissions system at schools in the city of Medan, to determine the level of preparedness of students in national exams and examine the relationship of learning achievement in Junior High School (SMP/MTsN) with student achievement in Senior High School (SMA/MA). The research data collected by the survey directly to schools selected as sample through observation, documentation and depth interview. Collecting data using a set of questionnaire. Research data analysis using SPSS. The results of this study are: new admissions system at the level of SMA/MAin the city of Medan done through the national exam results and a test track. Readiness of students in national exams conducted by the students tend to choose a tutoring to prepare for the National Exam. Apart from that, tutoring is also the place for high school students to learn in preparation for the National Examination, and there is a strong relationship between the results of national examinations in SMP/MTs with academic achievement in SMA/ MA. This indicates that the national exam results can be an indicator for the success of students in further education.
On the formation of deantological culture in future teachers, which addressed the issues of teacher training. Mastona Yuldasheva "Retraining of Continuing Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49200.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49200/retraining-of-continuing-education/mastona-yuldasheva
Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Equitable Education in Coimbato...ijtsrd
Equitable Education System was proposed in the state of Tamil Nadu. It was felt that by following this education system we could afford impartial education to all school children irrespective of region such as rural and urban, upper and lower caste, and religion etc. This new system of education came into existence after a lot of oppositions, obstacles and confusions. Determining attitude and efforts to advance a new system of education is very much essential. Attitude of teachers, students and parents about a new educational system influences the choices and national development. Teachers and parents have a supreme responsibility in the mental and physical growth of the students. Their attitude is one of the most important variables in the education of children. Successful and effective implementation of a new system of education depends upon the knowledge of teachers and their positive attitudes towards it. Thus, the study of teachers' attitude towards Equitable Education becomes indispensable to the implementation plans. These observations initiated the investigator to undertake the present study, “Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Equitable Education in Coimbatore District†G. Jayanthi | Dr. K. Eagavalli ""Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Equitable Education in Coimbatore District"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25133.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/25133/attitude-of-secondary-school-teachers-towards-equitable-education-in-coimbatore-district/g-jayanthi
Internal Quality Assessment of Curriculum in the Field of Educational Plannin...inventionjournals
: This study was conducted to examine the quality of the curriculum in the field of educational planning, graduate school, the teachers and students, according to Francis Klein curriculum elements, Islamic Azad University of Karaj in 2016. The method used this research is descriptive. The population of this study included all professors of educational planning (n = 13), and field education program for students of Islamic Azad University of Karaj (183). 118 students were selected as sample using Cochran formula, and according to the number of professors of the discipline, all of which participated in the research. Data collection for this study, are two self-made questionnaire for teachers and students, Cronbach's alpha was used to determine reliability, and the coefficient was 0.93 for the questionnaire, teachers, students and 0.86 for the questionnaire. The use of statistical methods in the study, in both descriptive and inferential statistics, including t-test one sample to check the quality of the elements of the curriculum, including (aims, content, learning activities, the process of teaching and learning materials and resources, group, location, time, and evaluation). The results show that the curriculum is at an optimum level, the evaluation factors (aims, content, learning strategies, grouping learners, time, location, and evaluation), while elements of learning activities, and materials and resources, the need to reload.
Improving the Effectiveness of Education and the Implementing Innovative Educ...ijtsrd
In this article, the application of interactive learning technologies in the educational process can improve the quality of education, increase its effectiveness, determine the interaction between teacher, student, student group, as well as the community, achieve ideological and spiritual unity, striving for a common goal. It was noted that it has the necessary conditions and a great opportunity to create the environment for its realization as a person. Chimpulatova Sevara Alisherovna | Tuyboeva Gulnoza Kuvondik Kizi "Improving the Effectiveness of Education and the Implementing Innovative Educational Technologies in the Educational Process" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47737.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/47737/improving-the-effectiveness-of-education-and-the-implementing-innovative-educational-technologies-in-the-educational-process/chimpulatova-sevara-alisherovna
This study aimed to explore the survival of school financing management
during the COVID-19 pandemic, to assure the quality of teaching and
learning continuously. This study used a qualitative design, and data
collection is carried out by observing resource persons and in-depth
interviews, analysis or analysis of documentation and a combination of the
three as triangulation method. The collected data were analyzed using an
interactive model. The results showed that financial management strategies
in managing school finances effectively and efficiently, through
transparency, accountability and responsibility, are considered to have
contributed to the prospects, quality, progress and sustainability of education
in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is based on the fact that many
quality and good schools eventually experience setbacks due to the lack of
transparency, accountability and responsibility in the management of
education funds. Openness in schools can promote accountability and fight
corruption in education, if it is implemented effectively and any malpractice
is dealt with clear consequences. The implication is the strategies of
education financing management in terms of transparency, accountability and
accountability need to be carry out consistently to ensure the improvement of
school quality runs in a sustainable manner.
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Economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education and the basics of its modeling
1. International Journal on Integrated Education e-ISSN : 2620 3502
p-ISSN : 2615 3785
Volume 2, Issue IV, Sep-Oct 2019 | 62
Economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education
and the basics of its modeling
Sotvoldiev Nodirbek Jurabaevich1
, Sirojiddinov Ikromiddin Kutbiddinovich2
1,2
Associate Professor of Economics, Namangan State University
PZ-20170929727 Applied Research Project Manager, Republic of Uzbekistan
Email: nodirbek.s@mail.ru
ABSTRACT
The article analyzes the quality of higher education and its economic diagnosis. Defined methods for
modeling economic diagnostics. There are scientific conclusions and practical recommendations on the
economic assessment of the quality of higher education.
Keywords: quality of higher education, economic diagnostics, higher education institution, model,
professor-teacher, unit of measure, final indicators.
1. INTRODUCTION
Radical changes are taking place in the system of higher education in Uzbekistan. The measures
taken in this system are aimed at dramatically improving the quality of education, substantially
strengthening the material and technical and financial base, expanding economic resources, increasing the
independence and initiative of higher education institutions (HEIs) as economic entities. Modern systems
of higher education are based on the widespread use of market mechanisms. At the same time, the main
goal is to achieve higher quality and higher quality of higher education through the effective use of
economic resources.
In this regard, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.Mirziyoyev noted: “… we need to
logically complete our adopted national programs on education. To this end, the most important task of the
Government, relevant ministries and agencies, and the entire education system, our respected teachers and
professors is to educate the younger generation and educate them physically and spiritually. It is time to
move our work to a new level, creating modern jobs for our children and ensuring their rightful place in
life ”[1].
To do this, it is necessary to develop management decisions based on what resources are required
to achieve the results required for the activities of the HEIs and the causes of change. In this regard, the
relevance of the chosen topic determines the quality of higher education outcomes and the development of
scientific proposals and practical recommendations for improving the mechanism of economic diagnostics.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
The economics of higher education has been studied by foreign and domestic scientists. Research
areas can be divided into several groups: theoretical and methodological studies; issues of public
administration; organizational and legal and institutional aspects; educational services market; marketing
and quality management in higher education; social responsibility of higher education and so on. In these
studies, the development of universal and economic relations, as well as the quality, regularities, theories,
and concepts of education, were developed.
The notion of quality of higher education has been widely adopted by stakeholders and various
competent organizations. Sources of international importance include information on its three components:
education; normative documents of education; learning environment [3]. In the study of L. Wlaskin and L.
Grinberg, the quality of higher education is multidimensional, multi-level and dynamic, depending on the
contextual unity of the educational model, the mission and objectives of the institution, and the specific
standards. V.Levshina's research presents many controversial points, namely two aspects of the quality of
higher education: the quality of the educational process; Description of quality assurance systems. This
2. International Journal on Integrated Education e-ISSN : 2620 3502
p-ISSN : 2615 3785
Volume 2, Issue IV, Sep-Oct 2019 | 63
requires a comprehensive analysis of the content of education, the process of preparing applicants, teaching
staff, information and methodological support, educational technologies and research activities [5].
In Uzbekistan, there is a research on economic aspects of the quality of higher education. Financing
and management of higher education are widely covered. In particular, N. Mirkurbanov believes that
regardless of the type and stage of national economy and education, its existence and functioning in a
market economy is based on the quality criteria. Quality assurance in higher education contributes to the
training of qualified staff in the region. This is an axiom that does not require evidence, and has become a
major issue for the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Ministry of Higher and Secondary
Special Education, and higher education institutions. According to A. Karimov, L. Peregudov and M.
Saidov, the quality of higher education is a multi-faceted concept. It should cover all activities and activities
in the field of education - academic and academic programs, research and scholarships, full staffing, training
of students, buildings, logistics and equipment, welfare of the community and academic environment. ].
These studies do not comprehensively investigate such issues as the optimal quality of higher
education, social impact, and the use of resources to ensure the quality of higher education. From this point
of view, economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education, development of methodological
approaches and determination of strategic objectives are of great importance.
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This study used several economic, mathematical, and modeling methods that characterize the
quality of higher education and its economic diagnosis. In particular, the economic analysis was performed
using only statistical data without direct access to the system. It evaluates the extent to which resources are
mobilized through the Black Box model of economic diagnostics. Such methods have revealed the
peculiarities of economic diagnostics of higher education quality and its modeling processes.
4. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
As the world experience shows, as a result of the liberalization of the economy, the positive role of
market relations in the socio-economic life occurs. The market form of social relations promotes the
efficient use of resources available to the public, saving and at the same time improving their quality.
Socio-economic development of the 20th century and the present is caused by the sharp increase of
human factor in the structure of resources. On the one hand, this resource has been raised to a qualitatively
new level, and, on the other hand, the public's investments in its creation are increasingly being channeled.
Higher education plays a special role in the formation of human capital. There is an increase in the
share of highly educated specialists in total employment in the national economy. Such necessity is also
characteristic for Uzbekistan. Therefore, the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 sets out to significantly increase the admission quota for
undergraduate and graduate programs in higher educational institutions of the country.
Currently, higher education institutions (HEIs) have to operate in a broad and deep market
environment. That is why the importance of the financial sustainability of HEIs is growing. Rational
arrangement of the economic processes will promote consistent and high-quality educational and research
activities in HEIs, effective use of scientific and pedagogical potential and material and technical base.
Clearly, the financial and economic potential and sustainability of the university is of particular importance,
and it is becoming increasingly important to develop measures for assessing the quality of education
through economic diagnostics.
In our view, the economic diagnosis of higher education and its elements can be explained as follows
(Figure 1):
The content of the diagnostic process - to conduct research aimed at identifying the impact of costs
on the quality of education and comparing it with the expected effect;
diagnostic object - the higher educational institution or its departments;
The purpose of diagnostics is to evaluate the position and changes in the institution of higher
education in society or in the system of higher education;
diagnostic tasks - development of measures to ensure and improve the compatibility of elements in
the system, control of deficiencies based on certain criteria.
The use of economic diagnostics for the quality of higher education requires the following methods
of economic analysis:
3. International Journal on Integrated Education e-ISSN : 2620 3502
p-ISSN : 2615 3785
Volume 2, Issue IV, Sep-Oct 2019 | 64
research using direct statistical data and sophisticated methods of economic analysis without directly
entering the system;
examination of systematized data;
research using mathematical and statistical methods;
use of dynamic programming and mathematical models;
use linear programming that provides optimization to achieve quantitative expression goals.
As can be seen from the above, a comprehensive economic diagnosis of HEIs can be viewed as a
five-step analytical process. These stages are interconnected and organized so that an optimal result can be
achieved. Each step is based on the previous one.
The main purpose of the diagnostics is to assess the financial and economic condition of the
university and to identify sustainability and to identify opportunities and resources for development. To
achieve this goal, of course, the main directions of financial and economic policy will be used. Diagnostics
is one of the important tools in pursuing this policy. Diagnostic results can be compared to the position of
the HEI in society or to assess changes in its status at different intervals.
At present, we believe that diagnosis based on financial ratios analysis can be applied to HEIs as
well. Of course, it should take into account the specifics of educational services. In many developed
countries, the activities of universities are quite commercial. The commercialization of higher education
institutions is measured by the potential that market mechanisms can provide, and can be seen as conditions
for improving the quality and scope of education. It is also assumed that the quality of higher education is
the first factor that determines the country's competitiveness. Therefore, the activities of HEIs in Uzbekistan
should also be seen as a natural process of increasing commercialization.
Full regulation of the financial and economic activity of higher educational institutions by the higher
state authorities or the low level of freedom as an economic subject limits its economic responsibility and
initiative. Under these conditions, there is no need to diagnose the economic condition and quality of higher
education.
The need for efficient use of economic resources in the context of the limited independence of higher
education institutions cannot be ruled out. However, in this situation, the rule "we will work according to
how many resources we have been provided" applies. Efficient use of resources is not a priority. Even
resource savings can lead to less segregation. In this context, HEIs as economic entities do not need
economic diagnostics. This task is passed to the higher governing body of higher education. However, the
upper body also has a position similar to that of the HEI before the higher body. Generally, it is difficult to
find a governing body that needs economic evaluation of higher education and needs it.
In the context of the liberalization of socio-economic life, the role of the university in the society
will change dramatically. At the same time, it is necessary to provide the society with a highly skilled,
creative and initiative person in line with the requirements of the knowledge economy, and on the other
hand, to carry out the activities of HEIs using market mechanisms. Higher education will need to function
as a component of the services sector, provide its services and receive a corresponding fee. This will
increase the competitiveness of higher education services and result in pricing services based on market
principles. In this context, it is crucial that HEIs use economic resources wisely and achieve high results.
In particular, in order to radically improve the quality of education in higher education institutions,
to ensure their active participation in the wide-scale reforms implemented in the country, consistent
implementation of the tasks set in the Strategy of Action on the five priority directions of development of
the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021. improving the quality of education and their active participation
in large-scale reforms in the country Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On additional
measures to ensure the safety”. As part of this Decree, a Roadmap was developed to improve the quality of
education in higher education institutions and to ensure their active participation in large-scale reforms in
the country. [2]
1. Improving the legal framework for improving the quality of education in higher education
institutions;
2. Organizational measures to improve the quality and effectiveness of education in higher education
institutions;
3. Increasing the participation and initiative of higher education institutions in large-scale reforms
in the country;
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4. To inform the general public on the content and essence of the ongoing reforms in the state and
society, and on the fundamental reforms underway in the public domain, through television and other
media;
5. Effective organization of the implementation of research results and innovative development of
faculty, young scientists and students of higher educational institutions;
6. Increase the responsibility of higher education institutions for their active participation in the
country's reform process.
These measures determine the economic approach to the quality of higher education, radically
change its place in the society of higher education, and ensure the rational use of economic resources and
achieving high results.
In this context, economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education is an important element of
management in the field. In turn, economic diagnostics can successfully fulfill the set objectives if
implemented consistently using the basic principles of systematic analysis.
It is well known that decisions that make up the core content of governance are made based on the
problem. The problem is the imbalance between the situation and the result that needs to be achieved. A
diagnosis should be made to determine this discrepancy. This requires quantitative assessment of various
aspects of the situation. Quantitative recording of economic indicators will determine how well they meet
certain criteria (goals, norms, forecasts, etc.). Hence, the diagnosis is based on a model that is expressed in
quantities. At the same time, the quantitative data obtained should be explored in meaning. Therefore, the
diagnostic model is of analytical nature. Generally, economic diagnostics is based on a model that is based
on quantitative evaluation and content analysis.
Diagnostics is performed using direct statistical data and sophisticated methods of economic analysis
without direct access to the system. One of the most common rules for economic diagnostics is the Black
Box model [8]. This includes the inputs (outputs) and outputs or outputs into the black box. It is believed
that there is no faith in the analysis of the processes occurring in the black box. Economic diagnostics
assesses how much inflow flows into outputs or how efficiently the resources are involved. Number and
quality of students (pre-higher education level) as inputs or resources in HEIs, number of faculty members,
quality and teaching load, available material and technical resources (educational and support buildings,
laboratories, technical equipment, materials) - communication, financial resources appear. The HEI
prepares highly qualified personnel and conducts research activities using the attracted resources (Fig 1).
Fig 1. Economic Diagnosis of Higher Education Quality and its Black Box Model 1
1
Developed by the author.
Results of the educational
process
Research results
Results of other activities
Graduate employment and
income
Incoming streams Outgoing streams
System
Material and
technical base
Financial resources
Quantity, quality and
academic load of the
faculty
Number and quality
of students
Other resources
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Although the "black box" model is quite simple from the outside, its application is complicated. This
is because inputs must be expressed by any indicator. For example, one of the indicators that characterizes
the material and technical base of the HEI is the size of the study areas measured in square meters. However,
this indicator does not indicate that the learning areas are appropriate for the learning objectives. Many
universities operate in customized buildings. Of course, those who work in specialized buildings have the
advantage.
In a simple approach, the activities of the faculty at the HEI are seen as transparent and provide a
two-hour academic course. Uses advanced pedagogical technology or “achieves high results with minimal
effort”. If we approach the teaching staff through the Black Box module, our conclusions will change
slightly. The teaching load of an assistant or teacher is set at around 1000 hours. This means that the teacher
has 1,000 hours of direct communication with students. In the academic year, classroom classes last for an
average of 36 weeks, during which the instructor must conduct 1,000: 36 = 28 hours of instruction per
week. The higher education labor law provides for a six-day working week and six-hour working hours.
This means that 36 hours a week (6 days * 6 hours), 36-28 = 8 hours a week for teacher preparation work,
which is not enough. Applying the “black box” model, the 1,000-hour load does not provide the required
quality of education and the financial and other resources involved are not justified (Table 1).
Table 1
Curriculum load and preparatory work of the faculty of the university 2
№ The teaching staff
Annual
academic
load, hours
(36 weeks)
Study load
per week,
hours (1
week (36
weeks)
Preparation
works for a
week, hours
((36 hours) -2)
Percentage of
preparatory
work per
week,% (3:
2x100)
1 2 3 4
1 Head of the department 770 21 15 68
2 Professor 800 22 14 62
3 Associate Professor 850 24 12 52
4 Senior teacher 900 25 11 44
5 Teacher-assistant 1000 28 8 30
Through the Black Box model, the approach allows decision-making to prioritize the content of the
result, ie the quality. At the same time, teaching faculty in academic groups is regarded as an educational
process. One acupuncture group can accommodate up to 25 students. In some cases, depending on the
complexity of the educational process, academic groups are divided into 2 subgroups. Thus, the average
number of students per faculty of 10.5 is considered appropriate for higher education and the number of
states is calculated. This approach does not take into account the quality of education, and is determined by
how many students a faculty member is engaged in, or who may be involved in teaching. In addition, the
key performance indicator of the faculty is how many hours they have completed the academic load. In
fact, the quality of education is, on the one hand, measured by the way the faculty prepares for the course
and organizes it. On the other hand, it is reflected in the combined scientific and pedagogical potential of
the faculty. The high scientific and pedagogical potential is a reflection of the accumulation process in the
university. Generally, it is possible to generate quantitative indicators of how many students the faculty can
cover, how much the teaching load, and the scientific and pedagogical potential. These indicators do not
represent the expected outcome of education - the quality of each academic hour.
In world practice, the number of students a faculty member is a quality indicator. Because groups or
currents are voluntarily labeled by students based on the quality of the faculty, the curriculum is formed.
To this end, the Regulation of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of
Uzbekistan “On the Assessment of Students' Skills in Higher Education Institutions” has been developed
[9], which aims to provide an impartial and accurate assessment of academic performance. It aims to
2
Developed by the author based on data from Namangan State University.
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harmonize international experience, increase students' interest in science, increase the authority and
responsibility of professors and teachers, and compare the quality of education with the results achieved.
Financial resources play a special role among the resources in the “black box”. Currently, funding
for higher education institutions is based on established standards per student, and it is assumed that the
official figure does not differ significantly across universities. This standard represents the minimum costs
for the educational process of the university. The rate is mainly set up, taking into account the salary costs
of universities. At the same time, there is a clear need for a significant increase in financial resources for
logistics and R&D.
The above analyzes are based on the use of indirect measurements, which define the methods of
modeling economic diagnostics. Therefore, a systematic review of system data, research using statistical
techniques, the use of economic and mathematical models, and the use of linear programming to achieve
quantitative expression goals are required. The economic diagnostics of higher education can be divided
into three stages:
1. Quantitative evaluation. Analytical procedures are used to measure quantitative indicators (to
make them acceptable for analysis) and to make decisions. It also reveals the existence of object-specific
quantitative links and regularities.
2. Creating a mathematical model. Mathematical processing of indicators is represented by object-
specific regularities and mathematical links. Typically, data is presented in the form of tables or formulas
that give an indication of how close an object's activity is to expected results and its meaningful analysis.
3. Finding solutions to optimize the operation of the facility. In the mathematical model, the factors
affecting the activity of an object are represented as variables. The analysis provides an integral indicator
of the number of variables (which is targeted at the object).
Thus, mathematical modeling allows optimizing the path in the "resource-result" chain by
quantifying the expected results. In this regard, economic and mathematical modeling appears to be an
important part of the economic diagnosis of HEIs. Generally, models can be built on a variety of bases: 1)
the characteristics of the actual existing object or the models that simulate activity; 2) modeling or other
models of any theoretical imagination. Both types of models can be used in the economic diagnosis of HEIs.
It is possible to construct a model, to study the model, and to draw conclusions about the actual state of the
object based on the model. One of the most challenging tasks in modeling economic economics in
universities is to select and summarize specific indicators or indicators. When describing learning
outcomes, factors may not be represented by only one indicator or may be combined with different factors.
In these cases, there is a difficulty in identifying the indicators, that is, choosing a factor to interpret the
result.
Therefore, the quality of higher education cannot be described by one indicator or it is necessary to
summarize several indicators. From a mathematical point of view, these indicators are known as
multidimensional points in space. When creating a model of the result, a multidimensional point is required.
In this case, the results appear as integral amounts and the individual elements do not have the same weight.
At the same time it is necessary to study the formative factors of the result according to the weight and
dynamics of the different elements. Or, the behavior of factors is modeled and their relation to the outcome
elements is investigated.
In general, the performance indicators that characterize the activities of the HEIs should be chosen
in such a way that they are significantly related to the financial, economic and other resources and provide
sound reasoning. The existing statistics on higher education are not sufficiently well established. Statistical
data on the financial and economic resources of higher education are of a general nature and are not
sufficient to make reasonable judgments about the actual dynamics of resources.
5. CONCLUSION АND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Development of higher education is determined by the priorities of the national strategy. In the
division of labor, quality of higher education and capacity building are required. This will ensure full
participation of people in the developing innovation economy and thus, their well-being.
2. Higher education today requires the ability to create high value added in science and technology
and innovation. At the same time, the quality of higher education is a guarantee of economic stability.
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3. The economic analysis of the quality of higher education, the identification of financial, economic
and management problems, the assessment and forecasting of the ability of HEIs to achieve their goals in
the context of constant external and internal factors requires strict adherence to the principles of economic
diagnostics. In this regard, it is important to determine the impact of economic diagnostic costs on the
quality of education and to compare the expected effects.
4. Economic diagnostics and modeling of the quality of higher education is a complex process. This
process involves the combination of indicators of different contents (eg the volume of educational services
and the volume of scientific products). In this case, it is necessary to find the unit of measure that is common
to different indicators. In these cases, indicators that do not participate in the formulation may also be
included in the list. Therefore, the formation of performance indicators is a complex task that is both
horizontal (overall assessment of individual teacher activities) and vertical (generalized by department,
faculty, and university).
5. Aggregation in the field of material production is often carried out using prices. However, there
is a partial loss of information in the aggregation process. This is because even prices do not fully represent
all the results of production. In education, the situation is much more complicated. It is not a mistake to
summarize the income for education services as a single integral result by summing up the income for
scientific products. However, in this process, the qualitative improvement of faculty, the accumulation of
knowledge resources in higher education institutions, and the positive impact of HEIs on many processes
in society are ignored. Therefore, qualitative analysis is always necessary when examining the results.
6. The quality of education is one of the key factors that ensure the economic sustainability of higher
education in the context of market relations. From this point of view, economic diagnostics may be
considered as an important component of the quality of higher education, and its widespread
implementation will contribute to a more reliable and effective diagnosis of the HEI.
7. Reliable and effective economic diagnostics of the quality of higher education depends on the
following activities:
Defining the official classification of resources that support the activities of universities and
maintaining their statistics;
Development of a system of indicators and statistics on the quality of education;
To rely on official statistics when determining the rankings of universities;
Development and implementation of integrated indicators based on the volume and quality of
educational services of the university, the scientific and pedagogical potential of the faculty and the
results of scientific activity.
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