This document discusses different types of medical electronics testing. It describes electroencephalography (EEG) which measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp. It also describes electromyography (EMG) which records electrical activity of muscles to determine contraction using surface or needle electrodes. Finally, it explains how conduction velocity in motor nerves is measured by stimulating two points on a nerve and calculating velocity based on distance and latency of response. Applications mentioned include electrophysiological testing, clinical neurophysiology, neurology, psychiatry, and sports biomechanics.

1. MEDICAL
ELECTRONICS
EC8073
Faculty Handled By:
Mrs.P.Sivalakshmi AP/ECE
Section: A & B
FIFTH SEMESTER-III YEAR- (2019-2023 BATCH)
SESSION:8
DATE: 06.09.2021

2. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
• Electro Encephalography is the study of the electrical activity of the brain.
• The biological name of the brain is Encephalon.
• In EEG measurement, electrical activity of brain is measured from electrodes which are
placed on the scalp.
The brain consists of four parts
 Cerebrum
 Cerebellum
 Medulla oblongata
 Spinal cord

17. ELECTROMYOGRAPHY

18. ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
• Electromyography is an instrument used for recording the electrical activity of the
muscles to determine whether the muscle is contracting or not during its neuromuscular
activity.
• Muscular contractions are caused by the depolarization of muscle fibres.
• It’s a complicated signal controlled by both nervous system & anatomical and
physiological properties of the muscles.

21. ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
Electrodes used for EMG
Surface Electrodes: Usually this electrode is used for EMG. But by using this
electrode, it is not possible to take the deeper potential. So, needle electrodes are
used to take such a potential.
Needle Electrodes: These are inserted in to tissue or closer to tissue to measure the
electrical activity of muscle.

25. MEASUREMENT OF CONDUCTION VELOCITY IN MOTOR
NERVES

26. Steps: Involved in Measurement of
Conduction Velocity
• Stimulate is applied at point A.
• Electrical activity of muscle is measured at point B.
• The space between A and B is noted as l1 meters.
• The time delay between applying stimulus and receiving
action potential is known as latency. This time delay is
denoted as t1 second
• Now change the position of A into C. Now the space is
reduced. It is noted as l2 meters
• The time delay noted is t2 second.
• Usually, l2<l1 and t2<t1
• Now the conduction velocity is given as , V = (l1 – l2)/(t1 -
t2).Usually V = 50m/sec
• If V < 40m/sec. It means there is some disorder in nerve
conduction. Thus Conduction Velocity is measured in motor
nerves

27. Electrophysiological testing
Clinical neurophysiology
Neurology
Psychiatry
Sports Biomechanics
APPLICATIONS

28. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHsZ0bwxMsg
Sport and Exercise Science
APPLICATION