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2. Mechanism of Action and
Clinical Use of Hormones
in Animal Reproduction
DR G N PUROHIT MVSc,
Ph.D, MNVAS
Former Prof & Head Vet
Gynec & OBSTETRICS
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
24. SOURCES OF CLINICALLY USED
GONADOTROPHINS
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Endometrial cups of
pregnant equines
produce eCGwhich
has FSH like activity
Chorionic villi of pregnant human
females produce hCGwhich
has LH like activity
25. CLINICAL USE OF FSH
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Anestrus Superovulation
Out of the season breeding
26. CLINICAL USE OF LH
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Induction of
ovulation
Therapy of
delayed
ovulation
Therapy of
ovarian
cysts
As a therapy
to promote CL
growth
27. CLINICAL USE OF GnRH
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
• Therapy of Anestrus
• Out of the season breeding
• Induction of ovulation
• Therapy of Ovarian cysts
• For promoting CL growth
• Estrus synchronization
28. OXYTOCIN (Peptide hormone from
Posterior pituitary)
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Increases uterine contractions of uterus
sensitized with estrogen (Estrus and
parturition)
Luteal regression in cow and ewe
Milk Let down
Clinical Use
Therapy of uterine inertia (Specially bitch &
sow)
Induction of foaling in mare after 340 days
Expulsion of retained placenta
29. PROLACTIN (Lactotrophic hormone
from Anterior pituitary)
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Lactotrophic hormone. Suckling is a potent
stimulus for prolactin secretion
Luteotropic in rodents & bitch
Maternal behavior
Prolactin inhibitory hormone Dopamine
Half life 20 minutes
30. PROLACTIN (Lactotrophic hormone
from Anterior pituitary)
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
• Prolactin suppress LH surge & ovulation thus antiprolactins can
presumably stimulate LH and ovulation
• Antiprolactins (dopamine agonists)
(Bromocryptine, cabergoline, metergoline)
Timely ovulation in cows, in bitches for estrus induction, pregnancy
termination, pseudopregnancy.
Bromocryptine 30-100 µg/Kg for 6-10 days
Cabergoline 5 µg/kg for 5-7 days
Domperidone (dopamine antagonist) & sulpiride for estrus &
ovulation induction in mares (1 mg/kg) and probably for increase
in milk production in cows (metoclopramide and domperidone)
33. OVARIAN STEROIDS TRANSPORT
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Steroid hormones are transported
through the blood by being bound to
carrier proteins—serum proteins that
bind them and increase
the hormones' solubility in water.
Estrogens are bound to sex hormone-
binding globulin (SHBG), whereas
progesterone is bound to transcortin.
35. Functions of estrogen
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
• Female hormone helps in estrus
expression
• Increases blood supply to the uterus and
uterine contractions at estrus and
parturition
• In combination with progesterone helps in
mammary development
• Is Luteolytic in ruminants and
luteotrophic in sow, rodents and mare
• Epitheliotrophic hormone
36. Clinical uses of estrogen
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
• Therapy of anestrus in combination with
progesterone
• Prevention of misalliance in bitches
• Luteolytic use (Pyometra, fetal
mummification, fetal maceration)
• Increasing uterine contractions (Metritis)
• Artificial induction of lactation
• Supplementation in spayed bitches
• Therapy of skin disorders
40. Clinical Use of progesterone
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
• Estrus suppression
• Estrus synchronization
• Pregnancy maintenance
• Induction of new follicular wave
• Anestrus
• Ovarian cysts
• Luteal insufficiency
• Vaginal prolapse
• Prevention of abortion
41. Anptiprogestins
GOVIND
NARAYAN
PUROHIT
(GNP
Sir)
Are a class of drugs which prevent progestogens
like progesterone from mediating their biological
effects in the body.
• Mifepristone (Receptor blocker)
• Pregnancy termination in the bitch 2.5 mg/kg
BD for 4.5 days beginning at Day 32 of
pregnancy
• Aglepristone (Antagonist)
• Two SC injections of 10mg/kg 24 h apart
