David McClelland introduced the theory of achievement, affiliation, and power needs in the 1960s, building on Maslow's hierarchy of needs. According to McClelland, individuals possess three learned needs - achievement, affiliation, and power - which motivate to varying degrees. The document then describes the characteristics of individuals with high needs for each category and how managers can best motivate them, such as giving achievers challenging tasks with feedback instead of just money, allowing those with affiliation needs to work in teams, and giving power-oriented individuals leadership opportunities. In conclusion, McClelland's theory can help managers identify how to motivate individuals based on their dominant needs.