Three states of matter in simple forms

1. Matter

2. 
THREE
STATES OF
MATTER

3. 
 SOLID
 LIQUID
 GAS
Three states of matter

4. 
Arrangements particles in
solid, liquid and gas

5. 
 Intermolecular spaces
The molecules of a substance have spaces between
them known as intermolecular space
 Intermolecular force of attraction
The molecules of substance are attracted towards each
other by a force of attraction known as intermolecular
force of attraction.
Intermolecular spaces
Intermolecular force of
attraction

6. 
 Force of cohesion and force of adhesion
Nature of molecules

7. 
Solids Liquids gases
Molecules are tightly
packed
Molecules are less
tightly packed
Molecules are loosely
held
Molecules have least
intermolecular space
and strong
intermolecular force of
attraction
Intermolecular spaces
are large and
intermolecular force of
attraction is weak
Intermolecular spaces
are maximum and
intermolecular forces
of attraction is least.
The molecules do not
move to other
positions but vibrate
about their fixed
positions
Molecules can move
within the liquid that is
the position of the
molecules are not fixed
Molecules move
around freely. They
spread out and occupy
whatever spaces
available
Distinguishing properties
of solid, liquids and gases

8. 
 Matter is composed of small particles namely atoms and
molecules.
 Molecules of a substance are in constant motion thus all
the substance possess kinetic energy. This motion is
different for each of the three states of matter. Thus
amount of kinetic energy possessed by the molecules of
the three states of matter is also different.
 Thus kinetic energy =
1
2
MV2∝ T
 Where ‘M’ is the mass, ‘V’ is the Velocity of the molecules
and ‘T’ is the temperature
Kinetic theory of
‘Matter’

9. 
Solid Liquid Gas
Molecules are very
tightly packed
Molecules are less
tightly packed
Molecules are very
loosely packed.
Only can vibrate about
their fixed positions
Movement of
molecules within the
liquid is possible
They can move freely
Possess least amount of
kinetic energy
Possess more kinetic
energy than solid
Possess most kinetic
energy.
Energy content in the three
states of matter

10.  The process of changing of a substance from one
physical state to another at a definite temperature is
called change of state.
 Change of state occurs either by releasing or
absorbing energy.
Change of state in Matter

11. 
 The process in which solid changes to liquid state by
absorbing heat at a constant temperature is called
melting.
 Solid melting liquid
 Melting point --- the fixed temperature at which a
solid changes to liquid is called its melting point.
Melting or fusion

12. 
Melting point of ice

13. 
 The process by which a liquid changes into solid
state at a constant temperature by releasing heat is
called melting.
 Freezing point------ the fixed temperature at which a
liquid changes into solid is known as freezing point.
Freezing

14. 
 The process in which liquid changes into gases state
is called Vapourisation.
 Two ways of Vapourisation are
 Evaporation
 boiling
Vapourisation

15. 
 The slow and gradual conversion of a liquid to its
gaseous state at any temperature is called
evaporation
 it is a surface phenomena
 Eg; drying of lakes or ponds in summer
Evaporation

16. 
 The process in which liquid rapidly changes into its
gaseous state at a constant temperature is called
boiling.
 It is not just a surface phenomena. It takes place
throughout the liquid.
Boiling

17. 

18.  The process in which a substance changes from the
gaseous state into its liquid state on cooling at a
constant temperature is called condensation.
 Heat is released during the process.
 Another name is liquefaction.
 The fixed temperature at which a substance in the
gaseous state changes into its liquid state by losing
heat energy is called its condensation point.
Condensation

19. 
Condensation

20. 
 The process in which a solid directly converts into its
gaseous state on heating is called sublimation.
 Eg; iodine, naphthalene and ammonium chloride.
Sublimation

21. 
Sublimation

22. 
 The process in which a gas directly condenses into
its solid state is called deposition.
 Eg; gaseous CO2 directly solidifies into dry ice.
Deposition or solidification

23. 
Change of state
Sublimation
Melting vaporization
Freezing condensation
Deposition
Gasliquidsolid

24. 