Materials Used In Civil Engineering , Properties, Usage, Advantage and Disadvantages, Varios Types. ,bricks ,civil engineering ,civil ,materials ,tiles ,glass ,timber ,plastic ,ceramics ,flooring tiles ,bitumen.

1. Materials In
Civil
Engineering
BY:
Manjunath
Honamore
SY B.Tech
Civil
Engineering
VIIT,Pune

2. TOPICS
1) Brick
2) Timber
3) Plastic
4)
Ceramics
5) Paints
6) Glass
7) Flooring
Tiles
8) Bitumen

3. 1)Brick
• Manufacture of bricks is mostly a village
industry.
• Bricks have been produced since the
dawn of civilization in the sun dried
form.
• The Great Wall of China was madeof
both burnt and sun dried bricks.
• Bricks have been used all over the
world in every class and kind of
building.
• In places where plenty of clayis
available, brickwork is cheaper.
• The cost of construction work isless
with bricks. Bricks resist fire

4. Properties
• The brick should be uniform in shape and should be of
standard size.
• The brick when broken should show a uniform compact and
homogeneous structure free from voids.
• The brick should not absorb water more than 20 per cent for
first-class bricks and 22 per cent for second-class bricks when
soaked in cold water for a period of 24 hours.
• The brick should be hard enough. No impression should be
left when scratched.
• The brick should not break into pieces when dropped from a
height of 1m.
• The brick when soaked in water for 24 hours should not show
deposits of white salts when allowed to dry in shade.
• The brick should have low thermal conductivity and should be
sound proof.The crushing strength of brick should not be
below 5.5 N/mm2 .
• The brick should be table moulded, well burnt and free from
cracks with sharp and square edges.
• The bricks should give a good metallic sound when struck
with each other. Properties of Bricks

5. Usage
• Bricks are extensively used as a leading
material of construction.
• A fire brick is used forlining the interiors
of ovens, chimneys and furnaces.
•Broken brick are used as a ballast
material for railway tracks, and alsoas a
road metal.
•Bricks are extensively used for
construction of load-bearing walls and
partition walls.
•Bricks are also used for face-work when
artistic effect is required.

6. 2)Timber
• Timber denotes wood which is suitable for
building or carpentry and for various engineering
and other purposes. The word timber isderived
from Timbrian, which means to build. Timber thus
denotes wood which is suitable for building
construction, carpenting or other engineering
purposes.
• Requirement of good timber:
(I)It should have dark uniform color.
(II)It should be dense.
(III)It should be workable, good machinability. (IV)It
should have uniform structure.
(V) It should be free from defects like knots,shakes,
cracks, splits, wraps etc.
(VI)There should not decay of timber due tofungi
and insects like white ants and termites. (VII)IT
should be fire-proof.
(VIII)It should be cheap.
(IX)It should be durable and effective

7. Properties of
Timber
Appearance: A freshly cut surface of timber should
exhibit a hard and shining appearance.
•Colour: The colour of the timber should be
preferably dark. A light colour indicates low strength.
• Hardness: A good timber should be hard, i.e., it
should offer resistance when it is being penetrated
by another body. The chemical present inheartwood
and the density of wood imparts hardness to timber.
• Durability: A good timber should be durable.It
should be capable of resisting the action of fungi,
insects, chemicals, physical agencies and mechanical
agencies.
• Strength: A good timber should be strong for
working as a structural member such as joist, beams
and rafter. It should be capable of taking loads
slowly or suddenly.
• Structure: The structure should be uniform and the
medullary rays should be hard and compact. The
annual rings should be regular and should be
closely located.

8. • Mechanical wear: A good timber should not deteriorate easily due to
mechanical wear or abrasion. This property is essential for places where timber
would be subjected to traffic, like wooden floors and pavements.
• Toughness: A good timber should be tough. It should be capable of offering
resistance to shocks due to vibrations.
• Elasticity: This is the property by which the timber returns to the original shape
when load causing deformation is removed. This property is essential when
timber is used for bows, carriage shaft,etc.
• Fire resistance: Timber is a bad conductor of heat. A dense wood offers good
resistance to fire and it requires sufficient heat to cause aflame.
• Defects: A good timber should be free from serious defects such as dead knots,
flaws and shakes.
• Fibres: Timber should have straight fibres.
• Shape: A good timber should be capable of retaining the shapeduring
conversion or seasoning.
• Smell: A good timber should have a sweet smell.
• Sound: A good timber should give a clear ringing sound when struck. •Weight:
A timber with heavy weight is considered to be sound and strong

9. 3)Plastic
• A plastic material is any of a widerange
of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic
solids that are moldable. Plastics are
typically organic polymers of high
molecular mass, but they often contain
other substances. They are usually
synthetic, most commonly derived from
petrochemicals, but many are partially
natural.
• The word plastics is from the Greek
word Plastikos, meaning “able to be
shaped and molded

10. Properties
and Benefits
• Corrosion resistance
• Low electrical and thermal conductivity,
insulator
• Easily formed into complex shapes,can
be formed,casted and joined.

11. Usagewith
Examples
• 1)Polycarbonates Properties:
very versatile and has dimensional
stability, good mechanical and electrical
properties, high resistanceto impact and
chemicals Applications: electrical
components and insulatorswindshields,
signs, machinecomponents
2)Nylons Properties:
good mechanical and abrasion
resistance property, self-lubricating, resistant
to most chemicals but it absorbs water,
increase in dimension is undesirable
Applications: mechanical components;
gears,bearings, rollers, bushings, fasteners,
guides, zippers

12. 4)Ceramic
• One of the largest groups of materials
with the properties of nonmetals and all
are made by firing or burning, often
including silicates and metal oxides.
• Greek term Keramos, meaning "a
potter" or "pottery”.

13. Properties
• Cheap in terms of its starting materials.
Compared to metals, lightweight and
retain their strength up to 1000˚C where
metals tends tofail. They have electrical,
optical, and magnetic properties of
value in the computer and electronic
industries.

14. CERAMIC
TILE
PROCESSES
1)RAW MATERIAL
2)WEIGHING
3)BALLMILLING
4)VIBRETINGSCREENAND HOMO TANK
5)SPRAYDRYER
6)POWDERSTORAGE
7)DRYPRESSING
8)HORIZONTAL DRYER
9)GLAZING
10) SILK SCREENPRINTING
11) ROLER HEARTKILN

15. 5)Paints
• Cement Paints-
Cement paints are covered under
powder paints which are used for
exterior cemented walls, all types of
masonry surfaces like Bungalows,
Bridges, Dams,Houses, Buildings of
General Public, etc. and can also beused
for Interior as well as exterior masonry
cemented surfaces.

16. Types
• OIL PAINTS
• COAL TARPAINTS
• WATER PAINTS
• CELLULOSE PAINTS
• ALUMINIUM PAINTS
• PLASTIC PAINTS
• ENAMELS PAINTS
• CEMENTS PAINTS
• BITUMINOUS PAINTS
• EMULSION PAINTS

17. Properties
And Usage
• 1)It prevents growth of fungus and
bacteria on masonry surfaces.
• 2) Cement paint gives very good
protection to all kinds of masonry
surfaces from Ultraviolet rays present in
sunrays
• 3) It gives very good protection from
severe climatic conditions like rain, heat,
water, humidity, salt atmosphere near
sea-shores, to all types of cemented
walls, surfaces.

18. 6)GLASS
• Many high-rise buildings now made of
glass. The glass used is typically of the
type not glossy , to avoid excessive
glare to people who were outside the
building. In addition, the glass that
absorbs infrared waves are used to
prevent heat from penetrating into the
building . This can lead to high costs of
air conditioners . In addition, the use of
double-glazed windows for heat
insulation outside from entering , and
cool air in the building of out of
buildings in hot climates orotherwise in
cold climates

19. Types
1) Automotive Glass
2)Tempered Glass
3)Architectural Glass
4)ROLLED GLASS
5)Float Glass
6)Toughened Glass

20. Properties
• 1)Transparent
• 2)Smooth surface
• 3)Clear appearance
• 4)Reflect, refract and transmit light
without scattering it
• 5)Silicate glass can be poured, formed,
extruded and molded into manyshapes
including flat sheets and complex
designs brittle
• 6)Erosion-resistant, especially against
the action of water resistant to
chemicals, and is also corrosion-
resistant

21. 7)Flooring
Tiles
•Today there are various flooring tiles
options available in the market.You can
choose from a plethora of options like
Vitrified Tiles, Ceramic Tiles, Marble
Flooring, Granite Flooring, Wooden
Flooring, Designer Tiles, Crystal Tiles,
Chequered Tiles, Highlighter Tiles etc.
•The sheer variety available, especially in
vitrified tiles, is mindboggling. And most
of them at an affordable price which
makes them even more attractive.

22. Click to addtext

28. 8)Bitumen
• According to ASTM - “Bitumen is
hydrocarbon material of either natural
or pyrogenous origin found in gaseous,
liquid, semi-solid or solid form and is
completely soluble in carbon-
disulphide , carbon tetra chloride”

29. Properties
• Lower susceptibility to daily and
seasonal temperature variations
• Higher resistance to deformation at
high pavement temperature Better age
resistance properties
• Higher fatigue life for mixes
• Better adhesion between aggregates
and binder
• Prevention of cracking and reflective
cracking

30. Usage
1) Macadam, extensively used for
pavements, walkways
2)For paints: The industrial blown or R
grade of bitumen is mainly used for
bituminous paints and other surfaces.
3) Damp proofing
4) Roofing
5) Tanking of basements
6) Preservation of stones
7)Pavements: Largely used for the
construction of roads, runways, taxiways

31. THANK YOU