This document discusses various building construction materials. It describes natural materials like mud, clay, wood and their properties. It also discusses manufactured materials like bricks, concrete, metals and their composition and uses in construction. Finally, it outlines some health issues associated with certain mineral-based and metal construction materials like asbestos, lead, chromium and copper. It notes that materials like asbestos can cause lung diseases while metals like lead and chromium can cause toxicity issues if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Overall, the document provides an overview of common construction materials and some health and safety aspects related to their use.

1. Building construction material
Presented by,
Roll no. 21011561-047
Wishah Zafar

2. What is construction material?
• Building material is any material used for
construction functions like materials for house
building.
• Wood, cement, aggregates, metals, bricks,
concrete, and clay are the foremost common
variety of building materials utilized in
construction.

3. Types of Building Materials Used in
Construction

4. Cont…
• A wide range of building materials are
available for construction of buildings.
• Proper selection of materials for a particular
building can influence the original cost,
maintenance, ease of cleaning, durability and
appearance.

5. Cont…
• Following are some of the major building
materials used in construction:
• Natural construction material
• Mud and Clay
• Wood
• Brick and block
• Concrete
• Metals

6. Natural construction material
• Natural materials are those that are
unprocessed or minimally processed by trade,
like lumber or glass.
• Mud, stone, and fibrous plants are the
foremost basic materials, except for tents
manufactured from versatile materials like
artifacts or skins.

7. Mud and Clay
• Soil and particularly clay are nice thermal
mass; it's superb at keeping temperatures at a
continuing level.
• Homes engineered with earth tend to be
naturally cool within the summer heat and
heat in weather conditions.
• Clay holds heat or cold, emotional it over an
amount of your time like stone.

8. Wood
• Wood could be a product of trees, and generally
alternative fibrous plants, used for construction
functions once cut or ironed into lumber and
timber, like boards, planks, and similar materials.
• It a generic artifact and is employed in building
with regards to any kind of structure in most
climates.
• Wood is terribly versatile
• it is robust once compressed vertically.

9. Brick and block
• Brick could be a block fabricated from kiln-
fired material, sometimes clay or sedimentary
rock however conjointly could also be of lower
quality mud, etc.
• Clay bricks are shaped in molding (the soft
mud method), or in industrial manufacture lot
of often by extruding clay through a die and so
wire-cutting them to the right size.

10. Concrete
• Concrete may be a composite artifact made
up of a mixture of combination (composite)
and a binder like cement.
• The foremost common style of concrete is
Portland cement concrete, which consists of
mineral combination (generally gravel and
sand), Portland cement, and water.

11. Metals
• Metal is employed as a structural framework
for larger buildings like skyscrapers, or as
Associate in nursing external surface covering.
There are many varieties of metals used for
building.
• Steel could be a metal alloy whose major
element is iron, and is the usual selection for
metal structural construction.

12. Health Issues with Building Materials

13. Different Mineral Based Construction
Materials and Their Health Aspects
• Stone:
• Inhaling the crystalline content can be the key
hazard caused by stone minerals employed in
construction works. Higher exposure to the
present can cause pneumoconiosis.
• This can be a pathological state wherever the
lungs can lose their traditional physical
property, which can cause the act of
respiration to become labored.

14. Clay products
• The clay is laid-off and later used for ornamental
functions by glazing it. giant salt clay having a
lesser hazard impact on health is transmuted
throughout the clay firing into a crystalline oxide
that is very venturesome in nature.
• This hazard impact is until the producing method.
This won’t have an effect on the development of
employees or the occupants that are residing.

15. Asbestos
• The fibrous variety of curving and twisting
silicate is called asbestos.
• These materials were a priority behind the
risks of pneumoconiosis, carcinoma, and
carcinoma.
• Several new materials out of cement and
chemical compound matrix were developed to
mitigate this downside and replace the
amphibole material

16. Metals That are Used in Construction
and their Health Effects
• Lead:
• The lead toxicity has resulted in issues like
dysfunction, anemia, malaise, severe intestinal
colic, convulsion, etc. These may result in frank
sickness throughout their intake.
• Chromium:
• The salts of Cr utilized in cement additives. This
could cause skin irritation on contact. This could
generally result in persistent eczema. These
metals additionally bring issues regarding
carcinogens.

17. Cont…
• Copper:
• It is utilized in construction.
• The employees engaged in industrial activities
area unit a lot of exposed to the significant
copper metal fume in giant extent.

18. Thermal properties of materials
• One of the foremost necessary objectives of the
study of the thermal properties of materials is
their impact on energy performance.
• Each material employed in urban assortment,
particularly the building envelope has elementary
physical properties that confirm their energy
performance (Mohammad and Shea, 2013).
• Therefore, the understanding of those properties
will facilitate to pick the suitable construction
materials to regulate heat flows.