The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, is a spacecraft orbiting Mars that was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation in November 2013. Its primary objective was to demonstrate India's low-cost capabilities for interplanetary exploration. It successfully entered Mars' orbit in September 2014, making India the first nation to complete its maiden interplanetary mission on its first attempt. The mission's objectives include studying the Martian surface and atmosphere using scientific instruments. Mars was chosen as the target due to its similarities to Earth such as length of day, axis tilt, and surface features like valleys and volcanoes.

1. MANGALYAAN
By
R.S.YOGEESH
IV-STD.
KAMARAJ INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL(CBSE)
VAYALUR
CHIDAMBARAM

2. Mars Orbiter Mission(Mangalyaan)

3. Mangalyaan
• The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also
called Mangalyaan "Mars-craft" (Sanskrit
mangala "Mars" + yāna "craft, vehicle"), is a
spacecraft orbiting Mars since 24 September
2014.
• It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

4. History
• The MOM mission concept began with a
feasibility study in 2010, the government of
India approved the project on 3 August 2012.
• The satellite costs about 153 crore
(US$25 million).

5. Objectives
• The primary objective of the Mars Orbiter
Mission is to showcase India's rocket launch
systems, spacecraft-building and operations
capabilities. Specifically, the primary objective
is to develop the technologies required for
design, planning, management and operations
of an interplanetary mission, comprising the
following major tasks:

6. • design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a
capability to perform Earth-bound maneuvres, cruise
phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and
on-orbit phase around Mars;
• deep-space communication, navigation, mission
planning and management;
• incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency
situations.
• The secondary objective is to explore Mars' surface
features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian
atmosphere using indigenous scientific instruments.

7. • Mars is near Earth
• Elliptical orbit like Earth
• Potential for colony
Why Mars?

8. Why MARS?
• Surface conditions
• Similar geology
• Availability of water
• Atmosphere (thin)
• Natural conditions similar to arctic and
Antarctic

9. Mars is like EARTH
 24.6 hour rotation
 Similar axis tilt
 Polar ice caps
 Magnetic field

10. Mars is like EARTH
• Large river valleys
• ‘Super’ grand canyon

11. Mars is like EARTH
• Volcanoes

12. Mars is like EARTH
• Climate range similar to Earth
• Sky and clouds, dust storms

13. Location
Image Courtesy of NASA

14. Basic Facts
• Distance from Sun ≈1.52 times as far as Earth
• Time to Orbit the Sun ~ 26 Earth months
• Atmosphere ~ Mostly carbon dioxide
• Martian Day ~ 24.7 hours
• Temperature on the planet’s surface hardly
rises above freezing point

15. Earth and Mars Comparison
EarthEarth MarsMars
RadiusRadius 6378 km6378 km 3397 km3397 km
DensityDensity 5515 kg/m5515 kg/m33
3933 kg/m3933 kg/m33
GravityGravity 9.8 m/s9.8 m/s22
3.72 m/s3.72 m/s22
YearYear 365.25 days365.25 days 686.98 days686.98 days
EccentricityEccentricity 0.0170.017 0.0940.094
DayDay 24 hours24 hours 24 hr 39 min24 hr 39 min
ObliquityObliquity 23.45º23.45º 25.19º25.19º

16. Earth and Mars Comparison
Image Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech

17. Mars Orbiter Mission(Mangalyaan)

18. Mars Orbiter Mission(Mangalyaan)

20. • Simulated view of Mars Orbiter
Mission along with (left to right)
Mars, Earth, Mercury and Sun
on 3rd October 2014 at 1700
UTC. The Mars Orbiter Mission
satellite is at an altitude of
about 1300 miles from Mars at
the time

21. India's Mangalyaan spacecraft captured this amazing view of Mars on
Sept. 28, 2014.

22. We are second to none
Proud to be an IndIan
JAI HIND

23. Thank you