Management sarcoidosis 15.2.20
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This document discusses the treatment and management of pulmonary sarcoidosis. It notes that corticosteroids are the first-line treatment and may be supplemented by immunosuppressants like methotrexate. It provides statistics on disease progression and treatment needs. It also addresses potential complications like tuberculosis co-infection and discusses indicators for treatment.
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Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It discusses the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, pathology, diagnosis and systems involvement of the disease. Sarcoidosis most commonly affects the lungs and lymph nodes, presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. The cause is unknown but believed to involve a disordered immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical features along with identification of non-caseating granulomas in biopsy specimens.
Sarcoidosis Basics for Medical Students
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas. It commonly involves the lungs and can cause pulmonary symptoms as well as extrapulmonary manifestations affecting the skin, eyes, heart and lymph nodes. Diagnosis is made through biopsy demonstrating non-caseating granulomas and treatment involves NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and steroid-sparing immunosuppressants depending on symptoms and organ involvement.
Lupus Pernio
Lupus pernio is a specific cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis that presents as violaceous, indurated plaques on the ears, nose, cheeks, lips, hands and feet. It is more common in African Americans and women with longstanding pulmonary sarcoidosis. Histopathology shows noncaseating granulomas. Treatment involves potent topical steroids, intralesional steroids, or systemic steroids and immunosuppressants like methotrexate. Refractory cases may require TNF-alpha antagonists or thalidomide. Lupus pernio can indicate significant pulmonary involvement and has a chronic course, sometimes causing disfigurement.
Sarcoidosis & orphan lung disease
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown origin. It covers the history of sarcoidosis, epidemiology, pathology, organ involvement, staging, diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, it notes that sarcoidosis was first described in 1887 and causes non-caseating granulomas. It can affect many organs, especially the lungs, and has varying presentations depending on the organs involved. Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and identifying characteristic granulomas on biopsy.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas in multiple organs. It most commonly involves the lungs, lymph nodes, skin, and eyes. The cause is unknown but believed to be due to an abnormal immune response to unknown antigens in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and identification of granulomas on biopsy, and exclusion of other conditions. While often asymptomatic, it can cause respiratory symptoms as well as involvement of other organs. Treatment involves corticosteroids, with hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate as steroid-sparing options. Prognosis is generally good, though some degree of permanent organ dysfunction occurs in about half of
Sarcoidosis
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It can affect any organ system, with the lungs being the most common site involved. The cause is unknown but may be related to an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis involves biopsy showing granulomas, imaging such as chest x-ray or PET scan, and lab tests such as BAL or ACE levels. Treatment depends on severity and organ involvement but commonly includes corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic systemic disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas in multiple organs. It most commonly involves the lungs (94% of cases) and lymph nodes (73% of cases). Other common sites of involvement include the skin, eyes, and liver. Laboratory findings may include lymphopenia, hypercalcemia, and elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme levels. Pulmonary function tests often show a restrictive or interstitial lung disease pattern. Chest imaging typically demonstrates hilar or mediastinal lymphadenopathy and interstitial infiltrates. Treatment involves corticosteroids, though spontaneous remission may occur in lymph node involvement. Prognosis depends on the degree of
Differentiaitng sarcoidosis from tuberculosis
- Tubercular sarcoidosis occurs when a patient has both tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis.
- TB and sarcoidosis are granulomatous diseases that can affect multiple organ systems.
- There are many clinical, radiological, and pathological similarities and differences between the two diseases that are important to distinguish between them. Key diagnostic tests include looking for acid-fast bacilli, checking for caseating granulomas with necrosis, and tuberculin skin testing.
- Proper diagnosis is important because the treatment approaches for sarcoidosis versus TB are different. Sarcoidosis often responds well to steroids while TB requires anti-tubercular
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Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It discusses the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, pathology, diagnosis and systems involvement of the disease. Sarcoidosis most commonly affects the lungs and lymph nodes, presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. The cause is unknown but believed to involve a disordered immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical features along with identification of non-caseating granulomas in biopsy specimens.
Sarcoidosis Basics for Medical Students
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas. It commonly involves the lungs and can cause pulmonary symptoms as well as extrapulmonary manifestations affecting the skin, eyes, heart and lymph nodes. Diagnosis is made through biopsy demonstrating non-caseating granulomas and treatment involves NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and steroid-sparing immunosuppressants depending on symptoms and organ involvement.
Lupus Pernio
Lupus pernio is a specific cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis that presents as violaceous, indurated plaques on the ears, nose, cheeks, lips, hands and feet. It is more common in African Americans and women with longstanding pulmonary sarcoidosis. Histopathology shows noncaseating granulomas. Treatment involves potent topical steroids, intralesional steroids, or systemic steroids and immunosuppressants like methotrexate. Refractory cases may require TNF-alpha antagonists or thalidomide. Lupus pernio can indicate significant pulmonary involvement and has a chronic course, sometimes causing disfigurement.
Sarcoidosis & orphan lung disease
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown origin. It covers the history of sarcoidosis, epidemiology, pathology, organ involvement, staging, diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, it notes that sarcoidosis was first described in 1887 and causes non-caseating granulomas. It can affect many organs, especially the lungs, and has varying presentations depending on the organs involved. Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and identifying characteristic granulomas on biopsy.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas in multiple organs. It most commonly involves the lungs, lymph nodes, skin, and eyes. The cause is unknown but believed to be due to an abnormal immune response to unknown antigens in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and identification of granulomas on biopsy, and exclusion of other conditions. While often asymptomatic, it can cause respiratory symptoms as well as involvement of other organs. Treatment involves corticosteroids, with hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate as steroid-sparing options. Prognosis is generally good, though some degree of permanent organ dysfunction occurs in about half of
Sarcoidosis
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It can affect any organ system, with the lungs being the most common site involved. The cause is unknown but may be related to an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Diagnosis involves biopsy showing granulomas, imaging such as chest x-ray or PET scan, and lab tests such as BAL or ACE levels. Treatment depends on severity and organ involvement but commonly includes corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic systemic disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas in multiple organs. It most commonly involves the lungs (94% of cases) and lymph nodes (73% of cases). Other common sites of involvement include the skin, eyes, and liver. Laboratory findings may include lymphopenia, hypercalcemia, and elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme levels. Pulmonary function tests often show a restrictive or interstitial lung disease pattern. Chest imaging typically demonstrates hilar or mediastinal lymphadenopathy and interstitial infiltrates. Treatment involves corticosteroids, though spontaneous remission may occur in lymph node involvement. Prognosis depends on the degree of
Differentiaitng sarcoidosis from tuberculosis
- Tubercular sarcoidosis occurs when a patient has both tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis.
- TB and sarcoidosis are granulomatous diseases that can affect multiple organ systems.
- There are many clinical, radiological, and pathological similarities and differences between the two diseases that are important to distinguish between them. Key diagnostic tests include looking for acid-fast bacilli, checking for caseating granulomas with necrosis, and tuberculin skin testing.
- Proper diagnosis is important because the treatment approaches for sarcoidosis versus TB are different. Sarcoidosis often responds well to steroids while TB requires anti-tubercular
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by non-caseating granulomas that commonly affect the lungs and lymph nodes. It most often occurs in adults under 40 years old and has a higher prevalence in African Americans. While the exact cause is unknown, it involves an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Lung involvement is present in 90% of cases and lymph node involvement in 70% of cases. Pulmonary sarcoidosis ranges from asymptomatic hilar lymphadenopathy to progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Skin and eye involvement also occurs in a significant portion of patients.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas of unknown cause but may be due to an altered immune response in genetically susceptible individuals after exposure to environmental or infectious agents. It commonly involves the lungs causing breathing problems, eyes causing uveitis, and skin causing lesions. Diagnosis is made by biopsy showing granulomas. Treatment involves steroids and immunosuppressants to reduce symptoms from organ involvement. Prognosis is variable but may include spontaneous remission or progression to respiratory failure.
Sarcoidosis agreat mimic
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas. It is diagnosed when granulomas are seen histologically and other causes have been excluded. The lungs are commonly involved, presenting with hilar lymphadenopathy and infiltrates. Skin, eyes, and liver are also frequently affected. Treatment involves corticosteroids to prevent fibrosis in severe or progressive cases. Prognosis is variable, with spontaneous remission in about two-thirds of patients.
Sarcoidosis imaging
This document discusses the clinical presentation and manifestations of sarcoidosis. It notes that sarcoidosis is characterized by non-caseating granulomas that can affect multiple organs, most commonly the lungs. It describes the typical involvement of the lungs, eyes, skin, joints, liver and lymph nodes. Musculoskeletal involvement and arthritis are also common. Radiographic findings include hilar lymphadenopathy and small nodules in a perilymphatic distribution. Fibrosis can develop in advanced disease. Differential diagnoses include other granulomatous diseases like tuberculosis.
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease involving multiple organ systems that is thought to be due to an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals.
- Lungs are involved in over 90% of cases. Other commonly involved organs include lymph nodes, eyes, and skin.
- Diagnosis is based on compatible clinical presentation plus histological evidence of non-caseating granulomas. Bronchoalveolar lavage can also provide supportive evidence.
- Treatment is usually not needed for asymptomatic cases but may involve cort
Sarcoidosis
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas in multiple organs. Key points:
- It most commonly involves the lungs and is more prevalent in women, especially in the 3rd and 6th decades of life.
- The cause is unknown but it involves an abnormal immune response mediated by T-cells and macrophages forming granulomas. Lung involvement is seen in over 90% of cases.
- Diagnosis involves clinical features, imaging showing hilar lymphadenopathy, elevated ACE levels in 60% of acute cases, and biopsy demonstrating non-caseating granulomas. Most patients see resolution within 2-5 years.
SARCOIDOSIS
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including:
- It is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that commonly affects the lungs, skin and eyes.
- Risk factors include genetics and environmental exposures, and it has the highest rates in the United States and Sweden.
- Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic to involvement of multiple organ systems. Lung involvement is most common and is staged based on chest x-ray findings.
- Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and may include biopsy showing non-caseating granulomas. Treatment involves corticosteroids and prognosis is generally good with many experiencing remission.
Sarcoidosis
Prof. Md. Khairul Hassan Jessy
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National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH)
Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a disease characterized by the growth of granulomas in multiple organs of the body. It begins by discussing the causes of sarcoidosis, which is an immune reaction that continues even after the initial trigger is cleared. Common areas affected include the lungs, eyes, skin, and lymph nodes. The stages of pulmonary sarcoidosis and associated symptoms are described. Treatment options are outlined, ranging from symptomatic treatment for mild cases to corticosteroids and immunosuppressants for more severe symptoms.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation that can affect any organ but most commonly involves the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. It has an unknown etiology but is thought to be triggered by exposure to microbial agents in genetically susceptible individuals. The pathology shows noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. It has variable presentation based on ethnicity and geography. Acute sarcoidosis may present with erythema nodosum while chronic sarcoidosis can lead to pulmonary fibrosis over two years.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause that commonly involves the lungs. It occurs worldwide and is characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in affected organs. While the cause is unknown, it is believed to involve a dysregulated immune response in genetically susceptible individuals. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the organs involved but commonly include respiratory symptoms as well as skin and eye lesions. Diagnosis involves clinical and radiological evidence of granulomatous inflammation along with exclusion of other potential causes. Prognosis is generally good with many patients experiencing resolution of symptoms within a few years.
Sarcoidosis Complete
References
Fisherman's Pulmonary Diseases & Disorders 5th ed
Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine 6th ed
Croatian & Douglas Respiratory Medicine 5th ed
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine 19th edition
NEJM Article
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It most commonly affects the lungs presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates. Extrapulmonary involvement can include the skin, eyes, liver and musculoskeletal system. Diagnosis involves clinical features and exclusion of other causes. Treatment involves corticosteroids while prognosis depends on organ involvement with lung fibrosis carrying the worst prognosis.
Sarcoidosis and IgG4
Sarcoidosis and IgG4-related diseases are inflammatory conditions characterized by granuloma formation. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder involving lungs in over 90% of cases and skin, eyes, and liver in about a third of patients each. It is thought to be triggered by an infectious or environmental agent in a genetically susceptible host. IgG4-related disease is a fibroinflammatory condition that can affect virtually any organ, forming tumefactive lesions. Treatment for both conditions typically involves corticosteroids, with immunosuppressants used for chronic or resistant cases.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in multiple organs, most commonly affecting the lungs. It has unknown causes but is thought to involve genetic and environmental factors. Historically, it was first described in the skin in 1899 and was later found to also affect the lungs and lymph nodes. It presents variably from being asymptomatic to causing respiratory symptoms or lesions in other organs. Diagnosis involves clinical features, chest imaging typically showing bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and biopsy demonstrating granulomas. Treatment involves observation of asymptomatic cases but corticosteroids for symptomatic or progressive disease. Prognosis is generally good with many cases resolving spontaneously but advanced lung fibrosis can occasionally occur
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease characterized by noncaseating granulomas that commonly affect the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes. The cause is unknown but thought to involve genetic and environmental factors interacting with an abnormal immune response. A diagnosis is made by identifying noncaseating granulomas and excluding other potential causes. It most commonly affects females, blacks and involves an immunological disregulation in genetically predisposed individuals exposed to certain agents.
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis, Sarcoidosis, Approach to cutaneous sarcoidosis, Manage...
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Sarcoidosis
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and natural course. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas and can affect many organs, most commonly the lungs (90%). It has the highest prevalence in Scandinavian countries. While the cause is unknown, it is thought to involve an abnormal immune response to environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. Tissue biopsy showing noncaseating granulomas is required for diagnosis, along with supportive tests such as BAL and serum ACE levels. The natural course is variable, with 70% experiencing spontaneous remission and 16% having progressive disease.
Sarcoidosis
- A 41-year-old African American woman presents with a rash on her arm and worsening asthma symptoms over the past month. Biopsy of the rash shows noncaseating granulomas, and chest imaging reveals bilateral interstitial lung disease.
- Sarcoidosis is suspected based on the clinical findings and biopsy results. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas that can affect multiple organ systems, most commonly the lungs.
- Further workup and management are needed to evaluate organ involvement and determine treatment for the patient's sarcoidosis.
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, including:
1) It is a chronic granulomatous disease characterized by noncaseating granuloma formation of unknown cause, often affecting the lungs and lymph nodes.
2) It has a higher prevalence in African Americans and Japanese populations. The disease often affects people aged 20-40 and has a female predominance.
3) Granulomas form as a result of an abnormal cellular immune response potentially triggered by infectious agents. This leads to the formation of noncaseating granulomas containing giant cells.
4) The disease can have acute or chronic presentations and involve multiple organs, with lungs and lymph nodes most commonly affected. Corticost
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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by non-caseating granulomas that commonly affect the lungs and lymph nodes. It most often occurs in adults under 40 years old and has a higher prevalence in African Americans. While the exact cause is unknown, it involves an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. Lung involvement is present in 90% of cases and lymph node involvement in 70% of cases. Pulmonary sarcoidosis ranges from asymptomatic hilar lymphadenopathy to progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Skin and eye involvement also occurs in a significant portion of patients.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas of unknown cause but may be due to an altered immune response in genetically susceptible individuals after exposure to environmental or infectious agents. It commonly involves the lungs causing breathing problems, eyes causing uveitis, and skin causing lesions. Diagnosis is made by biopsy showing granulomas. Treatment involves steroids and immunosuppressants to reduce symptoms from organ involvement. Prognosis is variable but may include spontaneous remission or progression to respiratory failure.
Sarcoidosis agreat mimic
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas. It is diagnosed when granulomas are seen histologically and other causes have been excluded. The lungs are commonly involved, presenting with hilar lymphadenopathy and infiltrates. Skin, eyes, and liver are also frequently affected. Treatment involves corticosteroids to prevent fibrosis in severe or progressive cases. Prognosis is variable, with spontaneous remission in about two-thirds of patients.
Sarcoidosis imaging
This document discusses the clinical presentation and manifestations of sarcoidosis. It notes that sarcoidosis is characterized by non-caseating granulomas that can affect multiple organs, most commonly the lungs. It describes the typical involvement of the lungs, eyes, skin, joints, liver and lymph nodes. Musculoskeletal involvement and arthritis are also common. Radiographic findings include hilar lymphadenopathy and small nodules in a perilymphatic distribution. Fibrosis can develop in advanced disease. Differential diagnoses include other granulomatous diseases like tuberculosis.
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease involving multiple organ systems that is thought to be due to an abnormal immune response in genetically predisposed individuals.
- Lungs are involved in over 90% of cases. Other commonly involved organs include lymph nodes, eyes, and skin.
- Diagnosis is based on compatible clinical presentation plus histological evidence of non-caseating granulomas. Bronchoalveolar lavage can also provide supportive evidence.
- Treatment is usually not needed for asymptomatic cases but may involve cort
Sarcoidosis
This document discusses sarcoidosis, a disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas in multiple organs. Key points:
- It most commonly involves the lungs and is more prevalent in women, especially in the 3rd and 6th decades of life.
- The cause is unknown but it involves an abnormal immune response mediated by T-cells and macrophages forming granulomas. Lung involvement is seen in over 90% of cases.
- Diagnosis involves clinical features, imaging showing hilar lymphadenopathy, elevated ACE levels in 60% of acute cases, and biopsy demonstrating non-caseating granulomas. Most patients see resolution within 2-5 years.
SARCOIDOSIS
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including:
- It is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that commonly affects the lungs, skin and eyes.
- Risk factors include genetics and environmental exposures, and it has the highest rates in the United States and Sweden.
- Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic to involvement of multiple organ systems. Lung involvement is most common and is staged based on chest x-ray findings.
- Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and may include biopsy showing non-caseating granulomas. Treatment involves corticosteroids and prognosis is generally good with many experiencing remission.
Sarcoidosis
Prof. Md. Khairul Hassan Jessy
Professor of Respiratory Medicine
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH)
Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a disease characterized by the growth of granulomas in multiple organs of the body. It begins by discussing the causes of sarcoidosis, which is an immune reaction that continues even after the initial trigger is cleared. Common areas affected include the lungs, eyes, skin, and lymph nodes. The stages of pulmonary sarcoidosis and associated symptoms are described. Treatment options are outlined, ranging from symptomatic treatment for mild cases to corticosteroids and immunosuppressants for more severe symptoms.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation that can affect any organ but most commonly involves the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. It has an unknown etiology but is thought to be triggered by exposure to microbial agents in genetically susceptible individuals. The pathology shows noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. It has variable presentation based on ethnicity and geography. Acute sarcoidosis may present with erythema nodosum while chronic sarcoidosis can lead to pulmonary fibrosis over two years.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause that commonly involves the lungs. It occurs worldwide and is characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in affected organs. While the cause is unknown, it is believed to involve a dysregulated immune response in genetically susceptible individuals. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the organs involved but commonly include respiratory symptoms as well as skin and eye lesions. Diagnosis involves clinical and radiological evidence of granulomatous inflammation along with exclusion of other potential causes. Prognosis is generally good with many patients experiencing resolution of symptoms within a few years.
Sarcoidosis Complete
References
Fisherman's Pulmonary Diseases & Disorders 5th ed
Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine 6th ed
Croatian & Douglas Respiratory Medicine 5th ed
Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine 19th edition
NEJM Article
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It most commonly affects the lungs presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates. Extrapulmonary involvement can include the skin, eyes, liver and musculoskeletal system. Diagnosis involves clinical features and exclusion of other causes. Treatment involves corticosteroids while prognosis depends on organ involvement with lung fibrosis carrying the worst prognosis.
Sarcoidosis and IgG4
Sarcoidosis and IgG4-related diseases are inflammatory conditions characterized by granuloma formation. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder involving lungs in over 90% of cases and skin, eyes, and liver in about a third of patients each. It is thought to be triggered by an infectious or environmental agent in a genetically susceptible host. IgG4-related disease is a fibroinflammatory condition that can affect virtually any organ, forming tumefactive lesions. Treatment for both conditions typically involves corticosteroids, with immunosuppressants used for chronic or resistant cases.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in multiple organs, most commonly affecting the lungs. It has unknown causes but is thought to involve genetic and environmental factors. Historically, it was first described in the skin in 1899 and was later found to also affect the lungs and lymph nodes. It presents variably from being asymptomatic to causing respiratory symptoms or lesions in other organs. Diagnosis involves clinical features, chest imaging typically showing bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and biopsy demonstrating granulomas. Treatment involves observation of asymptomatic cases but corticosteroids for symptomatic or progressive disease. Prognosis is generally good with many cases resolving spontaneously but advanced lung fibrosis can occasionally occur
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease characterized by noncaseating granulomas that commonly affect the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes. The cause is unknown but thought to involve genetic and environmental factors interacting with an abnormal immune response. A diagnosis is made by identifying noncaseating granulomas and excluding other potential causes. It most commonly affects females, blacks and involves an immunological disregulation in genetically predisposed individuals exposed to certain agents.
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis, Sarcoidosis, Approach to cutaneous sarcoidosis, Manage...
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Sarcoidosis
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and natural course. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by noncaseating granulomas and can affect many organs, most commonly the lungs (90%). It has the highest prevalence in Scandinavian countries. While the cause is unknown, it is thought to involve an abnormal immune response to environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. Tissue biopsy showing noncaseating granulomas is required for diagnosis, along with supportive tests such as BAL and serum ACE levels. The natural course is variable, with 70% experiencing spontaneous remission and 16% having progressive disease.
Sarcoidosis
- A 41-year-old African American woman presents with a rash on her arm and worsening asthma symptoms over the past month. Biopsy of the rash shows noncaseating granulomas, and chest imaging reveals bilateral interstitial lung disease.
- Sarcoidosis is suspected based on the clinical findings and biopsy results. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas that can affect multiple organ systems, most commonly the lungs.
- Further workup and management are needed to evaluate organ involvement and determine treatment for the patient's sarcoidosis.
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, including:
1) It is a chronic granulomatous disease characterized by noncaseating granuloma formation of unknown cause, often affecting the lungs and lymph nodes.
2) It has a higher prevalence in African Americans and Japanese populations. The disease often affects people aged 20-40 and has a female predominance.
3) Granulomas form as a result of an abnormal cellular immune response potentially triggered by infectious agents. This leads to the formation of noncaseating granulomas containing giant cells.
4) The disease can have acute or chronic presentations and involve multiple organs, with lungs and lymph nodes most commonly affected. Corticost
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This document discusses radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), specifically radiation pneumonitis and radiation fibrosis. It covers the pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, and grading of RILI. Key points include:
- RILI was first described in 1898 and includes radiation pneumonitis occurring 6 weeks to 6 months post-RT and radiation fibrosis occurring 6 months to 2 years post-RT.
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- Risk factors include lung volume irradiated, higher radiation dose, and patient factors like older age or COPD.
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copd.pptx
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. It is usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. The key aspects of COPD include its definition, prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis involving chronic inflammation and structural lung damage, clinical features such as dyspnea and cough, diagnosis using spirometry to demonstrate airflow limitation, and management focusing on smoking cessation, vaccination, bronchodilators, anti-inflammatories, pulmonary rehabilitation, and treatment of exacerbations.
COPD overview and update
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the 3rd leading cause of death in Bangladesh, affecting over 6 million people. The primary cause is tobacco smoke. COPD is diagnosed through spirometry showing airflow limitation. Management includes smoking cessation, vaccinations, pharmacotherapy like bronchodilators and steroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and surgery in severe cases. Exacerbations are acute worsening of symptoms and managed with oxygen, steroids, and antibiotics. Hospital admission is needed for severe exacerbations or inadequate response to home treatment.
Copd overview and update 2016
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the 3rd leading cause of death in Bangladesh, affecting over 6 million people. The primary cause is tobacco smoke. COPD is diagnosed through spirometry showing airflow limitation. Management includes smoking cessation, vaccinations, medications like bronchodilators and steroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and surgery in severe cases. Exacerbations are acute worsening of symptoms and managed with oxygen, steroids, and antibiotics. Hospital admission is needed for severe exacerbations or inadequate response to home treatment.
Smoking Related Interstitial Lung Diseases
1) The document discusses several smoking-related interstitial lung diseases (SR-ILDs) including respiratory bronchiolitis (RB-ILD), desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP), pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
2) These diseases are characterized by varying combinations of inflammation, fibrosis, cysts, and nodules seen on imaging and pathology. Clinical features often include cough and dyspnea. Prognosis and treatment depend on the specific disease.
3) There is significant overlap between the different SR-ILDs both clinically and radiographically. Smoking history and cessation are important for
Pulmonary Haemorrhagic Syndromes- approach .pptx
This document discusses pulmonary haemorrhagic syndromes, which are life-threatening conditions characterized by bleeding in the lungs. It covers the various etiologies including vasculitis, immunological disorders, coagulation disorders, and other causes. The diagnosis and evaluation involves taking a thorough history, physical examination, imaging tests, hematological and serological investigations, pulmonary function tests, bronchoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but generally includes corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, mechanical ventilation, blood transfusion, and addressing the specific disease when known. Prognosis depends on early recognition and aggressive treatment.
COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
COPD is a preventable and treatable lung disease defined by airflow limitation that is usually progressive and not fully reversible. It has two main components: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is a leading cause of death worldwide, with over 3 million deaths annually. Risk factors include tobacco smoke, air pollution, and genetics. Clinically, it presents with dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. Diagnosis involves spirometry showing an FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 70%. Management focuses on smoking cessation, vaccinations, bronchodilators, pulmonary rehabilitation, and treating exacerbations with antibiotics and steroids.
ARDS - Diagnosis and Management
This document provides an overview of the diagnosis and management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). It begins with defining ARDS and discussing the Berlin definition. It then covers risk factors, etiology, clinical course, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and management approaches. The management section emphasizes the importance of lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury in ARDS patients.
Copd (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
The document provides details on a case presentation of a 61-year-old male smoker with cough and shortness of breath. It then discusses the objectives, epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, pathology, clinical features, investigations, management, and complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Key points include that COPD is caused by noxious particles like cigarette smoke damaging the lungs. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. Spirometry is used to diagnose and classify COPD severity. Management involves smoking cessation, bronchodilators, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and occasionally surgery.
Pirfect Pirfenidon.pptx
The document discusses the potential long term effects of coronavirus infections like SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 on the lungs, including pulmonary fibrosis. It notes that SARS patients 10 years post-infection still showed lung damage, and estimates that 35% of COVID-19 patients who recover show fibrotic lung abnormalities. The document proposes that the drug pirfenidone may help treat pulmonary fibrosis caused by COVID-19, as it has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties and has been shown to help with lung fibrosis from other conditions like IPF.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome carre
This document discusses acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It defines ARDS as severe acute lung injury involving diffuse alveolar damage and increased microvascular permeability. It then covers the criteria for diagnosing ARDS, mechanisms of lung injury in ARDS, common direct and indirect causes of ARDS, stages of ARDS, predictors of outcome, findings from the ARDS Network study on low tidal volume ventilation, and treatment strategies for ARDS including ventilator settings and alternative strategies when initial measures fail.
Waheed Shouman covid-19 chronic lung diseases
COVID-19
Smoking
CoMorbidities
COPD
Bronchial asthma
Cystic fibrosis
Nintedanib
Pirfenidone
lung fibrosis
lung cancer
IPF
antifibrotic
post covid fibrosis
OSA obesity
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Gene Expression System-viral gene delivery Mpharm(Pharamaceutics)
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient.
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Organization
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
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About AOMA: The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin offers a masters-level graduate program in acupuncture and Oriental medicine, preparing its students for careers as skilled, professional practitioners. AOMA is known for its internationally recognized faculty, award-winning student clinical internship program, and herbal medicine program. Since its founding in 1993, AOMA has grown rapidly in size and reputation, drawing students from around the nation and faculty from around the world. AOMA also conducts more than 20,000 patient visits annually in its student and professional clinics. AOMA collaborates with Western healthcare institutions including the Seton Family of Hospitals, and gives back to the community through partnerships with nonprofit organizations and by providing free and reduced price treatments to people who cannot afford them. The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin is located at 2700 West Anderson Lane. AOMA also serves patients and retail customers at its south Austin location, 4701 West Gate Blvd. For more information see www.aoma.edu or call 512-492-303434.
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Combination Therapies
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Management sarcoidosis 15.2.20
- 1. Management of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Raj B Singh RRRR 2020 SRMC 15 Feb 2020
- 2. Treatment of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Wait and watch First line Corticosteroids Second line Methotrexate Azathioprine Mycophenolate Leflunomide Third line Cyclophosphamide
- 3. Treatment of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis – contd…. Anti-iTNFα agents Thalidomide and Lenalidomide Pentoxifylline Roflumilast Infliximab, Golimumab, Adalimumab Nicotine
- 5. Stats 90% of Sarcoidosis affects lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes 80% of patients with Stage 1 disease show regression; 5% develop respiratory impairment over 10 years 33% show regression in Stages iii and iv 33% of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis require treatment with steroids
- 6. Indications for treatment Symptomatic decline in lung function from baseline (usually FVC 10-15%) Decline of >20% from baseline of DLCO FVC <70% of predicted value at presentation and/or DLCO <60%
- 7. Algorithm for Rx of Sarcoidosis
- 9. • 230 cases of histologically proven sarcoidosis • 18 had co-existing TB ie. Features of TB and Sarcoid found at same time • 16 had TB following Sarcoid; among these TB bacilli found in 5
- 10. Molecular evidence for the role of mycobacteria in sarcoidosis. A meta-analysis Gupta D, Agarwal R et al Prevalence of Mycobacterial DNA in Sarcoidosis 25.6% (Control 9.6%)
- 11. TB and Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis can precede or follow TB or co-exist Infection with M Tuberculosis not uncommon in patients with Sarcoid; can be activated by treatment with steroids Caseating granuloma alone is not enough to diagnose TB Tuberculous Sarcoidosis?
- 12. TB and Sarcoidosis Sometimes difficult to exclude TB as the sole disease or co-existing with Sarcoid Concomitant ATT with steroids will have to be considered with caution If in doubt, start with ATT Vigilant follow up essential for patients on steroids TB can be activated even after the discontinuation of steroids Steroid dose need not be reduced in patients with concomitant TB
- 13. Sarcoidosis and Asthma May co-exist Airflow obstruction in PFT may be found in Sarcoidosis alone; sometimes even showing reversibility Inhaled steroids can be used along with oral Smokers less likely to develop Sarcoidosis
- 16. Sarcoidosis - prognosis Table taken from MEDSCAPE June 2019
- 18. Lung transplantation To be considered before it is too late Not only stage of disease but also response to treatment Sarcoidosis may develop also in the transplanted lung
- 19. Summary Sarcoidosis mostly benign; can spontaneously regress Oral corticosteroids the mainstay of treatment 33% with pulmonary sarcoidosis need treatment TB may co-exist or complicate; empirical ATT rarely needed Progressive sarcoidosis not so benign
Editor's Notes
- Stage 1 Pulmonary Sarcoidosis