The Malolos Congress drafted the Malolos Constitution in 1898 at the Barasoain Church in Malolos City, Bulacan. The constitution established the First Philippine Republic and outlined the new government, separating church and state and calling for elections and civil rights. It was ratified on November 29, 1898 and promulgated into law on January 22, 1899. Emilio Aguinaldo led the revolutionary government as President.