The document discusses the evolution of Philippine government from independence to present day. It begins with the establishment of the First Philippine Republic in 1899 after the ratification of the Malolos Constitution. This republic was abolished by the US in 1899 when it began annexing the Philippines. The document then discusses the establishment of the Biak-na-Bato Republic and the making of the Malolos Constitution. It continues discussing the various governments that followed including the Commonwealth periods and the Japanese occupation during World War 2 when the short-lived Second Philippine Republic was established under the 1943 Constitution.
Evolution of Philippine Politics and GovernanceJehnMarieSimon1
LESSON IN PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
https://learnwithjehn.blogspot.com/2021/02/philippine-politics-and-governance_1.html
"Join me on my YouTube channel for more insightful topics! Don't forget to hit the subscribe button and share with your friends to stay updated on all the latest content!"
https://www.youtube.com/@JehnSimon
Evolution of Philippine Politics and GovernanceJehnMarieSimon1
LESSON IN PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
https://learnwithjehn.blogspot.com/2021/02/philippine-politics-and-governance_1.html
"Join me on my YouTube channel for more insightful topics! Don't forget to hit the subscribe button and share with your friends to stay updated on all the latest content!"
https://www.youtube.com/@JehnSimon
This slide presentation cover the events regarding the Period of Constitutional Authoritarianism in the Philippines : The Marcos Regime & the New Society.
*I do not own any of the photos included in the presentation*
Executive Power
Vested in the President of the Philippines. The President is elected by popular vote. The principal workplace of the President is the Malacañang Palace in San Miguel, Manila. The executive branch is currently headed by President Rodrigo Duterte. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
This slide presentation cover the events regarding the Period of Constitutional Authoritarianism in the Philippines : The Marcos Regime & the New Society.
*I do not own any of the photos included in the presentation*
Executive Power
Vested in the President of the Philippines. The President is elected by popular vote. The principal workplace of the President is the Malacañang Palace in San Miguel, Manila. The executive branch is currently headed by President Rodrigo Duterte. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Lecture slides for an undergraduate class on Philippine Politics and Governance I taught between 2003 and 2005. These slides deal with the concept of political culture, borrowing heavily from David Wurfel's study of the Philippines'.
Slides were prepared using Powerpoint XP.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
http://brianbelen.blogspot.com
http://brianbelen.wordpress.com
National Historical Institute (1997) Documents of the 1898 Declaration of the Philippine Independence, The Malolos Constitution and the First Philippine Republic. Manila National Historical Institute(Proclamation)
Evolution of the Philippine Constitution: 1953: The Commonwealth Constitution...MaeArraLecobuan
Readings in Philippine History
Chapter 4:
topics:
The Evolution of the Philippine Constitution:
1935: The Commonwealth Constitution
1973: Constitutional Authoritarianism
The Power of a Glamping Go-To-Market Accelerator Plan.pptxRezStream
Unlock the secrets to success with our comprehensive 8-Step Glamping Accelerator Go-To-Market Plan! Watch our FREE webinar, where you'll receive expert guidance and invaluable insights on every aspect of launching and growing your glamping business.
MC INTERNATIONALS | TRAVEL COMPANY IN JHANGAshBhatt4
Experience the world with MC Internationals travel and tourism. From foreign getways to cultural concentration, we tailor unforgettable journeys for every traveler. Let us turn your dream into reality and create lasting memories. Explore with us today. #TRAVEL,COMPANY #BEST,TRAVEL,COMPANY #VISIT,VISA #EMPLOYMENT,VISA #STUDY,VISA #HAJJ,AND,UMRAH
Antarctica- Icy wilderness of extremes and wondertahreemzahra82
In this presentation, we delve into the captivating realm of Antarctica, Earth's southernmost continent. This icy wilderness stands as a testament to extremes, with record-breaking cold temperatures and vast expanses of pristine ice. Antarctica's landscape is dominated by towering glaciers, colossal icebergs, and expansive ice shelves. Yet, amidst this frozen expanse, a rich tapestry of unique wildlife thrives, including penguins, seals, and seabirds, all finely attuned to survive in this harsh environment. Beyond its natural wonders, Antarctica also serves as a vital hub for scientific exploration, providing invaluable insights into climate change and the Earth's history
London Country Tours, the foremost travel partner offers customized Stonehenge tours from London coming with private tour guides and direct access to the inner circles. Visit: https://www.londoncountrytours.co.uk/tour/tours-to-stonehenge-oxford/
Its running cost is among the diverse vital aspects you must consider before buying an electric scooter. Calculate the cost of getting e-scooter charge for your regular usage to calculate its economic efficiency, similar to people who investigate the mileage of petrol or diesel-driven scooters.
How To Change Name On Volaris Ticket.pdfnamechange763
How to change name on Volaris ticket? This is one of the most common questions asked by travelers flying with Volaris Airlines. The mentioned details can help you with your name rectification on the airline ticket. If you are still facing difficulties call the consolidation desk at +1-800-865-1848.
During the coldest months, Italy transforms into a winter wonderland, providing visitors with a very unique experience. From the Settimana Bianca ski event to the lively Carnevale celebrations, Italy's winter festivities provide something for everyone. Enjoy hot cocoa, eat hearty comfort foods, and buy during winter deals. Explore the country's rich cultural past by participating in Settimana Bianca, and Carnevale, sipping hot chocolate, shopping during winter deals, and indulging in winter comfort foods. Visit our website https://timeforsicily.com/ for more information.
BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. Get information in this PDF and simplyfy your visa process.
LUXURY TRAVEL THE ULTIMATE TOKYO EXPERIENCE FROM SINGAPORE.pdfDiper Tour
Get off on the most luxurious Tokyo itinerary from Singapore. Experience Tokyo’s sophisticated modernism and rich tradition with first-class travel, sumptuous lodging, fine food, and special tours. Savor the finest that this energetic city has to offer for an experience that will never be forgotten.
Discover the wonders of the Wenatchee River with a variety of river tours in Monitor, WA. Whether you're seeking thrilling whitewater rafting, peaceful kayaking, family-friendly float trips, or scenic sunset cruises, there's something for everyone. Enjoy fishing, wildlife spotting, bird watching, and more in this beautiful natural setting, perfect for outdoor enthusiasts and families alike.
How To Talk To a Live Person at American Airlinesflyn goo
This page by FlynGoo can become your ultimate guide to connecting with a live person at American Airlines. Have you ever felt lost in the automated maze of customer service menus? FlynGoo is here to rescue you from endless phone trees and automated responses. With just a click or a call to a specific number, we ensure you get the human touch you deserve. No more frustration, no more waiting on hold - we simplify the process, making your travel experience smoother and more enjoyable.
The Cherry Blossom season in Hunza begins in the second week of March and lasts until the end of April, varying with altitude. During this enchanting period, tourists from around the world flock to Hunza Valley to witness its transformation into a vibrant tapestry of white, pink, and green. The valley comes alive with cherry blossoms, creating a picturesque and mesmerizing landscape that captivates visitors.
About the Company:
The Cherry Blossom season in Hunza starts in the second week of March and extends until the end of April, depending on the altitude. During this enchanting period, tourists from around the globe travel to Hunza Valley to witness its transformation into a vibrant tapestry of white, pink, and green. The valley comes alive with cherry blossoms, creating a picturesque and mesmerizing landscape that captivates all who visit. For the best experience, join Hunza Adventure Tours, the top tour company in Pakistan, and immerse yourself in this breathtaking seasonal spectacle.
4 DAYS MASAI MARA WILDEBEEST MIGRATION SAFARI TOUR PACKAGE KENYABush Troop Safari
Join our 4-day Masai Mara Wildebeest Migration Safari in Kenya. Witness the incredible wildebeest migration, enjoy exciting game drives, and stay in comfortable lodges. Get up close and personal with one of nature's most amazing exhibits! Book Your Safari Today at - https://bushtroop-safaris.com/
Exploring Montreal's Artistic Heritage Top Art Galleries and Museums to VisitSpade & Palacio Tours
Montreal boasts a vibrant artistic heritage, showcased in its top art galleries and museums. From the expansive collections at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts to the cutting-edge exhibits at the Musée d'art contemporain, discover the city's rich cultural landscape. Experience dynamic street art, indigenous works, and contemporary pieces, reflecting Montreal's diverse and innovative art scene.
Discover Palmer, Puerto Rico, through an immersive cultural tour that unveils its rich history and vibrant traditions. Experience lively festivals, savor authentic cuisine, and explore local markets. Visit historical landmarks, museums, and stunning colonial architecture. Engage with friendly locals, enjoy live music, and hike scenic nature trails, all while participating in cultural workshops and discovering unique artisan crafts.
6. RODOLFO B. VALDENARRO Jr.
Module Developer
GLAIZA R. D CADAPAN
Module Developer
FOREWORD
contents next
back
7. FOR-IAN V. SANDOVAL
Computer Instructor / Adviser
Educational Technology 2
Estanislao A. Ramos
Module Consultant
LYDIA R. CHAVEZ
Dean College of Education
FOREWORD
contents next
back
16. In 1899, after the Malolos Constitution was ratified, the Universidad Literia de Filipinas
was established in Malolos, Bulacan. It offered Law as well as Medicine, Surgery and Notary Public;
Academia Militar which was established on October 25, 1898; and the Burgos Institute, an
exclusive school for boys.
The establishment of the Philippine Republic was the culmination of the Philippine
Revolution against Spanish rule. Independence was declared on June 12, 1898 and the dictatorial
government then in place was replaced by a revolutionary government headed by Emilio Aguinaldo as
president on June 23, 1898. The U.S. abolished the Philippine Republic in 1899 and continued its
annexation of the islands pursuant to the Treaty of Paris which ended the Spanish-American War. The
Philippines was under US sovereignty until 1946, when formal independence was granted by the
Treaty of Manila.
Temporary triumphal arch commemorating election of Aguinaldo, 1899
contents next
back
17. Objectives:
To identify the role of Katipunan in achieving Philippine independence
To share the values and advocacy of Katipunan
To recognize the officials and members of the Biak-na Bato Republic
Blood compact of the members of Katipunan
contents next
back
19. THE BIAK-NA BATO REPUBLIC
Pact of Biak-na Bato Filipino negotiators
Toward the end of October, 1897, during a lull of hostilities, President
Aguinaldo convened an assembly of revolutionary generals and leaders of Biak-na bato.
This assembly decided to continue the libertarian war at all cost and establish a Biak-na
bato Republic.
On November 1, 1897, the Biaknabato republic was inaugurated under
constitution written by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer. This constitution was patterned
closely after the Cuban constitution of 1895. The officials of Biak-na bato Republic were:
contents next
back
20. President: Emilio Aguinaldo Vice President: Mariano Trias
Secretary of Interior: Isabelo Artacho Secretary of Treasury: Baldomero Aguinaldo
Secretary of War: Emiliano Riego de Dios
Secretary of Foreign Affairs:
Antonio Montenegro
contents next
back
24. Objectives:
To show the importance of having a constitution in one country
To discuss the making of Malolos Constitution
To draw from memory the events on the inauguration of Malolos Constitution
Opening of Malolos Congress at the Barasoain Church
Malolos , Bulacan on September 15,1898
contents next
back
26. THE MAKING OF MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
The committee of draft the constitution was composed of 19 members, namely:
Felipe G. Calderon
(Chairman)
Higinio Benitez
Mariano Abella
Felipe Buencamino Joaquin Gonzales
Antonio Luna
Geagorio Araneta
Hipolito Magsalin
Jose Ma. De la Vina
Jose Alejandro
Tomas G. del Rosario
Aguedo Velarde
Jose Albert
Alberto Barreto
Arsenio Cruz Herrera
Juan Manday
Jose Luna
Pedro Ocampo
contents next
back
34. Objectives:
To discuss different Independence Mission
To interpret the effect of World War 1 in the Philippines
To draw/illustrate Philippine Independence Missions
Filipino soldiers during World War 1
next
back
contents
35. Woodrow Wilson
President Wilson, in his farewell address to Congress on December 2, 1920, recommended the granting
of Philippine independence. Unfortunately, the Republican Party then controlled Congress, so that the
recommendation of the outgoing Democratic president was not heeded.
next
back
contents
37. Column B
a. President Woodrow Wilson
b. Ben Wright
c. Private Tomas Claudio
d. Declaration Purposes
e. President Manuel l. Quezon
f. Benigno Aquino Sr.
g. President Herbert Hoover
h. Hare Hawes Cutting Bill
i. OSROX Mission
j. Philippine National Guard.
next
back
contents
39. Objectives:
To recall the existence of Military government in the Philippines
To differentiate Schurman Commission from Taft Commission
To show the importance of United States in the development of Military Government
Gen. Wesley Merritt
Owing the exigencies of war, a military government was established on August 14, 1898, the day following the
capture of Manila, with Gen Wesley Merritt as first Military Governor. The authority of Military Governor came from the
powers of President as Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces. During the Military rule(1898-1901), the
American military commander govern the Philippines for the President of the United States.
next
back
contents
40. In order to make a survey of Philippine conditions and to achieve the peaceful extension of American
sovereignty over the archipelago, President McKinley appointed, on January 20, 1899.
Philippine Congress under United States
next
back
contents
41. First Philippine Commission (1898)
The first Philippine commission otherwise known as the “Schurman Commission”. The
commission was composed of Dr. Jacob G. Schurman (chairman), president of Cornell University; Maj
Gen. Elwell Otis, Military Governor; rear Admiral George Dewey, commander of the American Asiatic
squadron; Charles Denby, former American Minister to China; Dr. Dean C. Worcester, professor at the
University of Michigan.
The Schurman mission arrived in Manila on March 4, 1899, a month after the outbreak of the
war. It failed to accomplish its mission owing to the exigencies of war. It conducted some hearings in
Manila, received the emissaries of General Aguinaldo, after which it returned to the United States. On
January 31, 1900, it submitted its report to President McKinley with the following recommendations:
(1) The establishment of a territorial form of government with the legislature of two houses-the lower
house to be elective and the upper house to be half-elective and half-appointive.
(2) Withdrawal of military rule in the pacified areas
(3) The conservation of the natural resources of the Philippines for the Filipinos
(4) The organization of autonomous local government
(5) Opening of the free elementary schools
(6) The appointment of man of high ability and good character to important government offices.
next
back
contents
44. Objectives:
To discuss how the civil government was enacted
To analyze the provisions of Philippine Bill 1902
GENERAL MACARTHUR announces the establishment of the
Philippine Civil Government. Seen in the front row, left to right, are: Lt. Gen.
George C. Kenney, Vice Adm. Thomas C. Kinkaid, Lt. Gen. Walter Krueger, Lt.
Gen. Richard K.Sutherland, General MacArthur and President Sergio Osmeña.
The first government established by the Americans in the Philippines followed the surrender of
Manila in August 1898. It was a military government. During the duration of the war, the Philippines was
ruled by the president of the United States in his capacity as commander-in-chief of the United States
Armed Forces. In its brief existence, from 1898 to 1901, the military government established a supreme court
composed of six Filipinos and three Americans. The first chief justice was Cayetano Arellano.
next
back
contents
47. Objectives:
To distinguish the differences of Philippine Constitution to American Constitution
To relate the first Election to present day Election
To formulate ideas regarding steps of the Philippines to be independent
SIGNING THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PHILIPPINE COMMONWEALTH, 23 MARCH 1935. Seated, left to right: George H.
Dern, Secretary of War; President Franklin D. Roosevelt, signing the Constitution of the Philippine Commonwealth; Manuel L.
Quezon, President, Philippine Senate; standing, left to right: Brig. Gen. Creed F. Cox, Chief, Bureau of Insular Affairs, War
Department; Frank Murphy, Governor General of the Philippine Islands; Cordell Hull, Secretary of State; Key Pittman, Chairman,
Foreign Relations Committee, U.S. Senate; Pedro Guevara, Philippine Resident Commissioner; Miguel Cuaderno, Vice President,
Philippine National Bank, Manila, P. I.; Manuel Roxas, Representative, Philippine Legislature, Delegate, Constitutional Assembly;
Francisco A. Delgado, Philippine Resident Commissioner.
The 1935 Constitution was one of the noblest documents written by the Filipinos. It embodied
the ideals of liberty and democracy which Filipinos had inspired for; an American type of government
which they have trained in. The Bill of Rights and the structure of the new government were modeled
after the American Constitution. In one respect, the Philippine Constitution was superior to the American
Constitution, because the preamble of the first invoked the aid of Divine Providence.
contents next
back
48. FIRST ELECTION UNDER 1935 CONSTITUTION
Manuel L. Quezon declares as the
President of the Philippines
As a respiratory step towards the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines the
first national election under constitution was held on September 17, 1936. The party joined the election
was namely: (1) the Coalition Party, (2) the National Socialist Party, and (3) the Republican Party. The
candidates for President and Vice President were Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmena (Coalition
Party); Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo and Raymundo Melliza (National Socialist Party); Bishop Gregorio Aglipay
and Norbeto Nabong (Republican Party).
By an overwhelming majority vote, the Filipino people elected Quezon and Osmenia of the Coalition
Party as President and Vice President respectively, of the Philippines. The majority of the elected
members of the National Assembly likewise belong to this party.
next
back
contents
52. Objectives:
To recall the inauguration of the Philippine Commonwealth
To respond to the effect of the Commonwealth Government
Manuel L. Quezon on his oath taking as the
President of the Commonwealth government
On the beautiful morning of November 15, 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was
inaugurated amidst colorful ceremonies held on the steps of the Legislative Building in Manila. The historic event
was witnessed by a crowd of around 300,000 people.
The invocation prayer was read by Archbishop Gabriel M. Reyes of Cebu. After the prayer,
Secretary of War George H. Dern, as the personal and official representative of President Roosevelt, delivered
an address in which he extolled the progress of democracy in the Philippines. He was followed by Governor-
General Murphy, who read the proclamation of the President of the United States. The oath of office was then
administered to President-elect Quezon, Vice-President-elect Osmena, and the Members-elect of the National
Assembly by Chief Justice Ramon Avancena of the Philippine Supreme Court. After the oath-taking ceremony,
Secretary of War Dern, on behalf of the President of the United States, proclaimed the termination of the
Government under the Jones Law and the birth of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Thereupon President
Quezon delivered his inaugural address. A long parade ended the inaugural ceremonies.
contents next
back
59. Objectives:
To show how the Japanese invasion begin
To rearrange the sequence of events during World War 2
The coming of Japanese troops in the Philippines
The Second World War was by far the greatest armed conflict in the history of
mankind. Basically, it was a life-and-death struggle between democracy and totalitarianism.
The Philippines joined it on December 8, 1941, immediately after the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor, because of the Filipino’s love of freedom and loyalty to America. The heroic
role played by the fighting Filipinos during the war won the esteem of the world and proved
their right to be ranked among the free nations of modern times.
contents next
back
62. Planes and hangars burning at Wheeler Army
Air Field soon after it was attacked
contents next
back
63. Wold War II
1
2 3
4
5
6
B. Essay
1. Why did Japan declare war? Explain their reason.
2. Differentiate democracy from Totalitarian.
3. What are the preparations made by the Philippines before World War II?
4. Is it easy for the Japanese to invade the Philippines? Why?
contents next
back
64. Objectives:
To compare the patriotism of the Bataan heroes to the present day heroes
To share the experiences of Filipino prisoners on Death March
To asses the suffering of the Filipino during World War 2
Americans surrending on Bataan
Lt. Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright succeeded McArthur as commander of Fil-
American troops, now changed from USSAFE( United States Armed Forces in the Far East)
to USIP (United States Forces in the Philippines). He occupied McArthur’s headquarters in
Corregidor, and from he directed the gallant defense of Bataan .The Brave Filipinos and
American defenders reeled before the smashing onslaught of the invaders, but they held
their ground and fought on with tenacious courage.
.
contents next
back
70. Civilian Emergency Administration (CEA) Pearl Harbor
Lt. Masaharu Homma 6000
United States Forces in the Philippines (USIP) Pacific Ocean
Lt. Gen. Douglas McArthur Capas, Tarlac
Sulu Sea Distinguished Service Cross
7000 President Roosevelt
contents next
back
75. Objectives:
To recall the 1943 Constitution
To positively interpret the laws written in 1943 Constitution
To define KALIBAPI
The 1943 Constitution was drafted by a committee appointed by the Philippine executive
Commission, the body established by the Japanese to administer the Philippines in lieu of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines which had established a government-in-exile. In mid-1942 Japanese
Prime Minister Hideki Tojo had promised the Filipinos “the honor of independence” which meant that the
commission would be supplanted by a formal republic.
The Preparatory Committee for Philippines Independence tasked with drafting a new
constitution was composed in large part, of members of the prewar National Assembly and of individuals
with experience with delegates to the convention that had drafted the 1935 Constitution. Their draft for
the republic to be established under the Japanese Occupation, however, would be limited in duration,
provide for indirect, legislative elections, and an even stronger executive branch.
Upon approval of the draft by the Committee, the new charter was ratified in 1943 by an
assembly of appointed, provincial representatives of the KALIBAPI, the organization established by the
Japanese to supplant all previous political parties. Upon ratification by the KALIBAPI assembly, the
Second Republic was formally proclaimed (1943-1945). Jose P. Laurel was appointed as by the National
Assembly and inaugurated into office in October 1943. Laurel was highly regarded by the Japanese for
having openly criticized the US for the way they ran the Philippines and because he had a degree from
Tokyo International University.
contents next
back
79. Objectives:
To know the different changes happened under the new republic
To explain the type of living of the Filipino when Japanese come
To give important opinion on the government changes
To appreciate the comeback of MacArthur and his liberation forces in the Philippines
Under the new republic, the Ministries were established, replacing the department of the
defunct Philippine Executive Commission. Each ministry was under a minister, assisted by a vice-Minister.
New bureaus, boards, and other offices were created.
Aside from the Supreme Court, five courts of Appeal were created, one for each of the five
Judicial Districts into which the country was divided. To assist the President of the Republic in the
administration of the whole country, seven Administrative Districts were established each under a
commissioner.
THE REPUBLIC IN CRISIS
By August 1944, the situation of the Japanese-made Philippine Republic became critical. Its
existence depended on the might of Japanese arms. In as much as the tide of war was definitely turning
against Japan, it was doomed. Mac Arthur was winning his battles in the Jungle islands of the Southwest
Pacific and was leap frogging his way towards the Philippines.
contents next
back
82. Objectives:
To describe the action of Commonwealth government of the Philippines to United States
To appreciate the role of MacArthur for the restoration of Commonwealth
To discuss the last commonwealth election
To draw from memory the impact and ending of World War II
From August to October 1944, the tide of war decidedly turned in favor of the United States,
as American planes began to bomb targets in the Philippines. On October 20, 1944, the main attack force
of 174,000 American troops, ferried by an armada of 700 warships, landed at Leyte. After the first wave of
Marine troops had made a beachhead, General MacArthur waded ashore, at Red Beach, near Palo,
Leyte, accompanied by President Osmena, General Carlos P. Romulo and General Basilio Valdez. “I
have returned,” MacArthur told the jubilant Filipino nation.
On October 23, the Commonwealth Government was declared restored, with Tacloban as
temporary capital.
.
LAST COMMONWEALTH ELECTION
The last anniversary of the Commonwealth of the Philippines marking the 10th year of its
existence was celebrated with appropriate rejoicing throughout the country on November
15, 1945. At that time President Osmena was in Washington, D.C., where he was busy
trying to secure aid from the United States government for the relief and rehabilitation of the
war-torn Philippines.
contents next
back
91. Objectives:
To recognized the different Presidents under the 3rd Philippine Republic
To compare their contributions to the developments of the country
To write a reaction about their service in terms of governing the country
Elpidio Quirino
On the night of April 16, 1948, President Roxas died of heart attack at Clark Field, Pampanga.
In the morning of his fateful date, she delivered a stirring speech before the U.S. 13th Air Force, in which
he said: “If war should come, I am certain of one thing- probably the only thing of which I can be certain-
and it is this: That America and the Philippines will be found on the same side, and American and Filipino
soldiers will again fight side by side in the same trenches or in the air or at sea in defense of justice, of
freedom, and other principles which we both love and cherish.” After the speech, he felt dizzy and was
brought to the residence of Maj. Gen. e. L. Eubank, where he passed away that night.
On April 17, 1948, Vice President Quirino took his oath of office as second President of mourning
thoughtful the land for his predecessor.
President Elpidio Quirino
contents next
back
96. President Years of
service
Province Profession Laws
Implemented
1. Manuel Roxas 1946-1948 Manila Lawyer Bell Trade Act,
Philippine
Rehabilitation Act
2 . Elpidio Quirino
3. Ramon Magsaysay
4. Carlos Garcia
5. Diosdado Macapagal
6. Ferdinand Marcos
B. Who among the presidents you like most. Why? Justify your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
contents next
back
97. Objectives:
To compare the new constitution from 1943 Constitution
To develop ideas on how constitutions ratified
To appreciate the reasons why Pope John Paul VI visited the country
To formulate ideas on the roles of the church to our country
The Constitutional Convention met in inaugural session on June 1, 1971 at the Fiesta
Pavillion of the Manila Hotel, Manila. It was formally opened by Senate President Gil J. Puyat
and House Speaker Cornelio Villareal.
The highlight of the opening ceremonies was the address of President Marcos in
which in which he appealed to the delegates to frame a constitution which would cure the
polical and socio – economic ills of the nation. Several delegates walked out during the
President’s speech in protest against the Marcos administration.
The first convention president by the delegates was Carlos P. Garcia, former
President of the Philippine Republic. Unfortunately, he died on June 14, 1971 of heart attack,
and was succeeded by Diosdado Macapagal, another former President of the Philippine
Republic.
contents next
back
100. Objectives:
To illustrate Plaza Miranda Massacre
To share reactions about the massacre
To explain why the Liberal Party said to be handicapped in the election of 1971
After the historical visit of Pope Paul VI, the conditions of Philippines worsened. The soaring
wave of lawlessness reached its crest in the so-called “Plaza Miranda Massacre” on the evening of August 21,
1971 during the proclamation rally of the LP candidates for the local; elections scheduled on November 8,
1971. Two fragmentations generate, hurled by unidentified persons on the platform, killed 8 persons and
injured 120. Among those wounded were senator Gerardo Roxas and his wife, Senator Jovito Salonga
(running for election), Senator Sergio Osmeña Jr., Congressman John Osmeña (LP Senatorial candidate),
Senator Eva Estrada Kalaw (guest candidate on LP Senatorial ticket) Congressman Ramon Mitra (LP
Senatorial candidate), Congressman Bagatsing (LP Candidate for mayoralty of Manila), and Laguna
Governor Felicisimo T. San Luis (master-of-ceremonies). The outrageous massacre stirred the indignation of
the nation.
Plaza Miranda on and before the massacre
contents next
back
107. Objectives:
To recognized former Senator Benigno S. Aquino Jr.
To explain the scenario after the assassination of Ninoy Aquino
To write an article about the contributions of former Senator Ninoy Aquino
On August 21, 1983, former Senator Benigno S. Aquino Jr. (“Ninoy”), and the leading opposition
spokesman, returned from a three-year exile in the United States. He was shot dead at the Manila
International Airport while in the custody of guards from the Aviation Security Command. Conflicting reports of
the assassination and that of his alleged killer Rolando Galman were assigned to an investigation by a
presidential fact-finding board.
Meanwhile, Senator Aquino’s funeral from Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City to Manila
Memorial Park in Parañaque on August 31, 1983, turned out to be the longest and largest procession in the
Philippine history, attended by some two million people from all walks of life.
Life and death of Ninoy Aquino
contents next
back
130. Rodolfo Buerano Valdenarro Jr. is the youngest son of Mr. Rodolfo K. Valdenarro Sr. and
Mrs. Marilou B. Valdenarro. He was born on March 13, 1992 at Gen Cailles Memorial Hospital
Pakil, Laguna. He finished Elementary in Buhay Elementary School and finished his high
school in Siniloan National High School. He finished his tertiary level in 2012 at Laguna State
Polytechnic University with the Degree of Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Social
Studies.
Glaiza Ruazol Cadapan. is the youngest daugther of Mr. Leandro C. Cadapan (+) and Mrs.
Loreta R. Cadapan. She was born on February 9, 1988 at Brgy. Matalatala, Mabitac, Laguna. She
finished Elementary in Matalatala Elementary School and finished his high school in Siniloan
National High School. She finished his tertiary level in 2012 at Laguna State Polytechnic
University with the Degree of Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Social Studies.
contents back