This document provides an overview of logic, including:
1. It discusses where logic resides conceptually, distinguishing between physical and non-physical existence and arguing that logic exists in the conceptual domain of thoughts and ideas.
2. It defines logic as a set of rules for correctly manipulating thoughts through symbolic representation and reference, regardless of whether the thoughts are about real or imaginary entities.
3. It outlines some key elements of logic, including quantifiers, connectives, statements/propositions, and material implication.
4. It discusses truth-functionality and some paradoxes that arise from material implication not aligning with intuitive understandings of conditionals.
This article analyzes being as a fundamental category of philosophy. Forms of existence are considered. The views of thinkers have been critically discussed. Arislanbaeva Zoya Ernazarovna. (2020). BEING IS A FUNDAMENTAL CATEGORY OF PHILOSOPHY. International Journal on Orange Technologies, 2(12), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.31149/ijot.v2i12.1049 Pdf Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/1049/997 Paper Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/1049
Transpersonal Framework for Understanding CodependenceSharon Ng
This is the ppt presentation that I presented in Los Angeles at the Evolution of Addiction Treatment conference in Dec. 2011. If you missed the presentation, these slides will introduce you to the elements of the framework that leads to healing, rather than simply recovery. I am also available for workshops or presentations on this topic. Contact me at sjoyng@gmail.com. Enjoy!
This article analyzes being as a fundamental category of philosophy. Forms of existence are considered. The views of thinkers have been critically discussed. Arislanbaeva Zoya Ernazarovna. (2020). BEING IS A FUNDAMENTAL CATEGORY OF PHILOSOPHY. International Journal on Orange Technologies, 2(12), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.31149/ijot.v2i12.1049 Pdf Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/1049/997 Paper Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/1049
Transpersonal Framework for Understanding CodependenceSharon Ng
This is the ppt presentation that I presented in Los Angeles at the Evolution of Addiction Treatment conference in Dec. 2011. If you missed the presentation, these slides will introduce you to the elements of the framework that leads to healing, rather than simply recovery. I am also available for workshops or presentations on this topic. Contact me at sjoyng@gmail.com. Enjoy!
An Introduction to Philosophy
Lecture 03: Philosophy of Mind
James Mooney
Open Studies
The University of Edinburgh
j.mooney@ed.ac.uk
www.filmandphilosophy.com
@film_philosophy
My talk at the first workshop "The Sensorium of Animals – Electroreception in Experimental and Historical Media and Design Research". Swiss National Foundation funded project (01/2016–12/2018). Academy of Art and Design Basel, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Switzerland, 3/4 March 2016.
Web: http://www.ixdm.ch/the-sensorium-of-animals/
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
14. Elements of Logic (3)
Connectives – Material (Philoan1) Implication 2 (p ⊃ q), (p :T
15. aS V q), (~(p Λ ~q))
Known also as the “material conditional”, material implication is a binary “truth-function”
according to which the argument (p :T) is true whenever (a), the consequent (q) is true; or (b),
the antecedent/s (p) is false (or irrelevant). Thus, the material conditional asserts that:
If (p is the case) then (q is the case)
In other words, the expression “if p then not q” (p :aT
16. is false – it cannot be the case that both
(p is the case) and (q is not the case). But that’s the only one that’s false – the other three
combinations of p and q are valid implications, and evaluate as true. Here’s the whole “truth
table”:
MATERIAL IMPLICATION
p q (p :T
22. Elements of Logic (8)
Connectives – Material Implication (cont.)
And things just keep getting worse! Given that all contradictions (t Λ ~t) are necessarily false, it
follows that according to any rule of material implication, any contradiction necessarily
(materially) implies any consequent at all! In other words, for any rule (p :T), any conditional of
the form ((t Λ ~t) :q), however absurd, will always evaluate as true! For example, according to
our earlier material implication rule MC1, even
If ((2+2=4) Λ (2+2
42. “Kinds” of Logic (1)
Modal Logic
An extension of classical logic that deals with the various “modes” of truth; viz.:
Necessity and non-necessity (contingency)
Possibility and non-possibility (impossibility)
To achieve this, modal logic introduces two additional unary operators:
necessarily: (‘
43. ³ER[´
possibly: (◊) “diamond”
◊
and hence:
contingently: (~‘