The document discusses the topic of what constitutes a human person. It begins by explaining that a human person is defined as an individual substance with a rational nature, composed of both a material body and an immaterial soul. The document then explores various aspects of what it means to be an individual, have a rational nature, and exist as both a body and soul united. It emphasizes that every human person is unique and has inherent dignity due to their rational spiritual nature.

1. DO I NEED ETHICS?

2. Course Outline 12 How can I apply Ethics in the contemporary social issues? 11 what is a human family? 10 How should I relate with other people in society? 09 How can I acquire virtues? 08 What is virtue ethics? 07 Are there different schools of though in moral issues? 06 How can we evaluate the morality of human acts? 05 What is natural moral law? 04 What is human freedom? 03 Who is a human person? 02 What is the relevance of ethics? 01 What is ethics?

3. FullAttendance=StrongBuilding

4. Partial Attendance = Structural Weakness

5. Human person. Topic 2

7. VERY PERSONAL

8. SEARCHING

9. Who is a human person?

10. These are 2 human persons Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 10

11. Every child is a human person. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 11

12. Even the sick are human persons. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 12

13. Even the refugees… Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 13

14. All these are human persons… Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 14

15. Even the victims of genocides Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 15

16. They are human persons. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 16

17. Why do we need to understand man? The need for an authentic anthropology for a proper ethics.

18. Is man just an animal?

19. Man and evolution.Not all bodies can be used by a spiritual and rational being.

20. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 20 Question What is.. Who is the human person?

21. Defining Ethics Think and write your own definition of human person in your notes Share / compare your definition with the people seated close to you Rewrite your definition of human person in your notes with any new ideas you may have gained by sharing your knowledge

22. Who/what is the human person? Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 22

23. Human person: Rational being composed of the corporeal element (soma) and the psyche (the soul). The human nature is what is common to all individuals. Man is a true microcosmos with a value surpassing that of the inanimate cosmos. Material is from the material, i.e. the body is from the parents, and the rational part (soul) is from the creator because it cannot be divided and neither can it come from matter because it is immaterial. The powers of the soul are two the intellect and the will. The proper object of the intellect is the truth and the will the good.

25. Substance

27. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 26 Substance This comes from two words. Sub- stance. What can stand on its own. It means that it is not an accidental perfection but goes to the core of the being. The souls can subsist on its own as explained earlier. The concept of “self” is evident. The knowledge that you exist. In simpler terms one discovers that he exists, more than that that he is aware of his existence with all the sentiments, feelings etc(concept of self) and in addition that others exists. Thus there are two things the knowledge of existing and the knower

28. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 27 Rationality Reason. Not only to reason but also to choose freely. Implies systematically arriving at something.

29. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 28 Nature The term nature is what is common to a member of a certain species. What is common to the species housefly is not common to the species elephant. This therefore means that the nature of elephant is not the same as housefly. The principle of non contradiction is all too evident here.

30. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 29 Human nature Nature refers to what a thing is. For example the nature of a car is that it has: an engine, wheels, and the body. A human person has the nature of a human being.

31. Human nature with in the universe. The cosmos. Vegetative life; nutrition, growth and reproduction. Sentient life; external senses and internal senses- imagination, memory and common sense. Intellectual life; truth and Good. Moral life.

32. Triadic structure The personal level

33. Human person Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 32

34. Matter and form Is a human person purely matter? Is the human person purely form?

35. Argos

36. Hylomorphic anthropology The soul is the source of unity in the human person. The person is not just the body or the soul… Each person is unique, irreplaceable, unrepeatable, with dignity.

37. Human dignity. Each person is a precious and vital resource of great potential, capable of answering the challenges societies face with innovation and invention. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 36

38. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 37 The existence of other human beings The human being discovers that he is not an isolated verse. That one exists with other rational beings. A person is born in a family. Thus the first and basic unit of society is this the family. If one fights the family one actually fights society. If one changes the notion of the family one is endangering society. This was explained in Introduction to Ethics.

39. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 38 Inter-subjective nature Due to the fact that man discovers that one exists with others, by default s(he) wants to share that oneness. This brings about the inter-subjectivity of man. You perceive oneself, other perceive you and you get your perception from others.

40. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 39 Need to educate the spiritual faculties There is need to educate the intellect and the will. This education has to be holistic and not limited to a particular facet. Education, which comes from the word e-ducere means to bring out the brightest part of the human person. In this particular case to make the real qualities of a human being shine out.

41. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 40 Education Education of the intellect. The education of the intellect can be through informal or formal means. The formal means of education is given through specific channels cum environment. Informal education is what one gets outside the normal systematic channels for example from the environment. Education of the will is through the forming of habits. This formation has to be in the good not evil.

42. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 41 The real education of the will entails the formation of positive habits (i.e. intellectual, concupiscible and irascible appetites), virtues as opposed to vices. The education of the will and the intellect is a life long process. Habit has been termed as second nature because it is the actualization of what is to be truly human.

43. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 42 Analysis of the human person leads one to deduce the following Spirituality. Transcends the material, the here and now to eternity. Emergence: The communication with others does not follow animal sentiments, it a decision of ones free will and when communication with others it is a decision of the self. Somaticity: That one is a living material person. Trancedence- One sets goals , freely and man wants to achieve these goals. When these goals are attained there is satisfaction (Masslow hierarchy of needs)

44. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 43 Dignity Dignity means worth or value. The person is the most valuable being in comparison to the material universe.

45. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 44 Conclusion The human person is made up of body and spiritual soul with intellect and will; because of this we can say that the person is dignified in the most radical sense. Each person is unique. Ones dignity lies precisely in this, that one is a human person and therefore this is the basis of human rights.

46. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 45 EACH PERSON IS UNIQUE AND IMPORTANT. NONE IS MORE UNIQUE THAN OTHERS

47. PERSONAL DEVELOPMENTPROJECT

48. Ex nihilo nihil fit- from nothing, nothing comes Parents are not the transcendental cause of their children.

49. THE HUMAN PERSON. We all have a specific mission in life and each of us has been bestowed with the qualities and characteristics that will enable us to fulfill that mission. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 48

50. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 49 In 1999, the World Youth Alliance was founded in New York City at the United Nations. At a conference on Population and Development, thirty two young people were brought into the negotiations and given the floor. They stated that they represented all three billion of the world’s youth, and demanded the following: abortion as a human right, sexual rights for children, and a deletion of parents’ rights. At a conference convened to discuss the needs of the world’s people, basic needs including access to clean water, sanitation, education, nutrition, health care, and employment were not addressed.

51. Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 50 As a reaction of conscience, Anna Halpine and a few others went back into the assembly the next morning and distributed flyers which stated that these young people did not represent all the youth of the world. She called for a discussion on topics addressing basic human rights and necessities. The statement was well-received by many delegations and she was requested to maintain a permanent presence at the United Nations, as well as to work with young people from the delegates’ countries....

52. We the people of all nations in solidarity with one another believe that every human being has an intrinsic and inalienable dignity that begins at conception and extending through our natural lives. This dignity the most precious endowment of the human person, is inviolable... Tuesday, February 15, 2011 Mr. Thomas Raji 51

53. The Second week assignment. The SWOT ANALYSIS