This document discusses different types of definitions, including technical definitions. It explains that technical definitions can describe a term through description, comparison to something familiar, examples, or illustrations. Technical definitions often explain technical terms and jargon. The document provides examples of technical definitions for terms like "aileron", "flash drive", and "computer". It also discusses operational definitions as applying a specific meaning to a word within a particular context or group.
Definition is a way of giving or explaining the meaning of an abstract term or a concept. It is derived from the Latin word finire (to limit); and de(from), the explanation it gives is limited only to what the reader need to know about the term to avoid confusion with other word belonging to the same class to where the target word belongs.
ABOUT PARAGRAPHSParagraphs contain THREE BASIC COMPONENTS.docxbartholomeocoombs
ABOUT PARAGRAPHS:
Paragraphs contain THREE BASIC COMPONENTS
1. TOPIC SENTENCE or CLAIM
2. CONCRETE DETAIL or DATA
3. COMMENTARY or WARRANT
TOPIC SENTENCE [TPS aka the "CLAIM"]
Usually, the first sentence in a BODY PARAGRAPH. It should introduce the topic of the paragraph and relate directly back to the THESIS. (or, in a longer essay, relate it directly back to the TPS of the preceding paragraph.) Imagine someone asking you, "How do you want me to think about your topic now?"
CONCRETE DETAIL [CD aka the "DATA"]:
This is the specific information you offer as the EVIDENCE for your topic; it will be the core of your paragraph. Imagine someone asking you, "Can you show me what you mean?" Other names for CONCRETE DETAIL: illustrations, examples, descriptions, quotations, paraphrasing, plot evidence.
During DRAFTING you may rely upon PHRASES like "FOR EXAMPLE" to introduce CONCRETE DETAIL--this is the kind of thing to eliminate during REVISION
In the literature essay, CD is often a DIRECT QUOTATION.
COMMENTARY [CM aka the "WARRANT"]:
This is your explanation for offering the concrete detail you select--that is, your comment on, discussion about, or evaluation of the evidence (CD) offered. Imagine someone asking you, "What exactly does your concrete detail prove?" You want to suggest how your CD is both relevant and unique. Other names for COMMENTARY include: insight, analysis, interpretation, evaluation, response, explication, reflection.
A hint for getting started on COMMENTARY: begin with the phrase : THIS SHOWS THAT . . . This is the kind of thing to eliminate during REVISION
Once you understand the different components of a paragraph, you can choose to MOVE BEYOND THE TEMPLATE. Some students depart from the FORMAT, some never do.
This whole discussion is based on Toulmin's Model . Here's a little bit more about it.
The model is a six-step system of argument:
(1) a CLAIM is made;
(2) DATA (also called "GROUNDS"), i.e., facts to support it, are offered;
(3) a WARRANT for connecting the data/grounds to the claim is conveyed
In addition, Toulmin adds
(4) BACKING, the theoretical or experimental foundations for the warrant, is shown (at least implicitly);
(5) appropriate MODAL QUALIFIERS (some, many, most, etc.) temper the claim; and
(6) possible REBUTTALS are considered.
But, for now, let us focus on the first three (and add a concluding sentence.
Claim
A claim is a statement that you are asking the other person to accept. This includes information you are asking them to accept as true (exposition) or actions you want them to accept and enact (persuasion).
Many people start with a claim, but then find that it is challenged. If you just ask me to do something, I will not simply agree with what you want. I will ask why I should agree with you. I will ask you to prove you claim. This is where grounds of data become important.
Data
Data is the basis of real persuasion and is made up of information and hard fact.
Chapter 8 Thought andLanguage8.1 The Organization ofJinElias52
Chapter 8 Thought and
Language
8.1 The Organization of Knowledge
Concepts and Categories 315
Working the Scientific Literacy Model: Priming and Semantic Networks
318
Module 8.1a Quiz 319
Memory, Culture, and Categories 319
Module 8.1b Quiz 323
Module 8.1 Summary 323
8.2 Problem Solving, Judgment, and Decision Making
Defining and Solving Problems 325
Module 8.2a Quiz 328
Judgment and Decision Making 328
Working the Scientific Literacy Model: Maximizing and Satisficing in
Complex Decisions 332
Module 8.2b Quiz 334
Module 8.2 Summary 335
8.3 Language and Communication
What Is Language? 337
Module 8.3a Quiz 341
The Development of Language 341
Module 8.3b Quiz 344
Genes, Evolution, and Language 344
Working the Scientific Literacy Model: Genes and Language 344
Module 8.3c Quiz 348
Module 8.3 Summary 348
Module 8.1 The Organization of
Knowledge
Dmitry Vereshchagin/Fotolia
Learning Objectives
Know . . . the key terminology associated with concepts and categories.
Understand . . . theories of how people organize their knowledge about
the world.
Understand . . . how experience and culture can shape the way we
organize our knowledge.
Apply . . . your knowledge to identify prototypical examples.
8.1a
8.1b
8.1c
8.1d
When Edward regained consciousness in the hospital, his family
immediately noticed that something was wrong. The most obvious
problem was that he had difficulty recognizing faces, a relatively common
disorder known as prosopagosia. As the doctors performed more testing,
it became apparent that Edward had other cognitive problems as well.
Edward had difficulty recognizing objects—but not all objects. Instead, he
couldn’t distinguish between different vegetables even though he could
use language to describe their appearance. His ability to recognize most
other types of objects seemed normal.
Neurological patients like Edward may seem unrelated to your own life.
However, for specific categories of visual information to be lost, they must
have been stored in similar areas of the brain before brain damage
occurred. Therefore, these cases give us some insight into how the brain
stores and organizes the information that we have encoded into memory.
Focus Questions
1. How do people form easily recognizable categories from complex
information?
2. How does culture influence the ways in which we categorize
information?
Each of us has amassed a tremendous amount of knowledge in the course of
our lifetime. Indeed, it is impossible to put a number on just how many facts each
of us knows. Imagine trying to record everything you ever learned about the
world—how many books could you fill? Instead of asking how much we know,
psychologists are interested in how we keep track of it all. In this module, we will
explore what those processes are like and how they work. We will start by
learning about the key terminology before presenting theories about how
Analyze . . . the claim that the language we speak determines how we
t ...
Objective In a well-organized, thesis-driven essay of 4-5 pages, yo.docxdunhamadell
Objective: In a well-organized, thesis-driven essay of 4-5 pages, you will be discussing the future of dating and relationships.
--Explain what the dating landscape will look like twenty years from now. (2041)
--Approach the paper from a technological slant. How will technology shape the way people interact "on the dating scene?" Will it change things drastically? Will people cling to tradition?
You have to incorporate
at least 4 of the 7
articles listed here to support your essay:
1. "The Five Years That Changed Dating."
2. "The Virtues and Downsides of Online Dating."
3." How dating app algorithms predict romantic desire."
4. "The 'Dating Market' Is Getting Worse."
5. Social Computing and Social Media pp 162-173
6." Dating and Relationships in the Digital Age."
7. "Dating apps use artificial intelligence to help search for love."
Assignment specifics:
1000-words minimum
Essays that do not meet the word count will not receive partial credit.
Two quotes per article minimum
Follow the MLA format when citing your sources throughout the essay.
Plagiarism of any kind will result in immediate failure (see syllabus).
A rebuttal paragraph is required. It should be the paragraph before the conclusion.
Do not use "I," "my," or "you."
Do not use contractions.
A Works Cited page is required.
Section A: For your introduction:
Introduce the concept of dating/courtship
Define the term.
Summarize what the current dating landscape looks like.
Transition to the idea of dating in the future.
Present your thesis statement.
Section B: This section can focus on current dating trends
Introduce the idea you are going to discuss in the paragraph.
Give the reader context.
Provide textual evidence from one of the articles or reports.
Link the quote to your claim. Explain your reasoning
Provide more evidence
Link the evidence to your claim. Explain your reasoning.
Provide an example to supplement your reasoning.
Conclude the paragraph and move on to the next supporting paragraph.
Section C: This section can focus on how things are evolving. (What is being researched? What kinds of experiments are being conducted?
Introduce the idea you are going to discuss in the paragraph.
Give the reader context.
Provide textual evidence from one of the articles or reports.
Link the quote to your claim. Explain your reasoning
Provide more evidence
Link the evidence to your claim. Explain your reasoning.
Provide an example to supplement your reasoning.
Conclude the paragraph and move on to the next supporting paragraph.
Section D: This section can speculate about the future. What will dating look like in 2041? Base your speculations on what you have established in sections B and C.
Introduce the idea you are going to discuss in the paragraph.
Give the reader context.
Provide textual evidence from one of the articles or reports.
Link the quote to your claim. Explain your reasoning
Provide more evidence
Link th.
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Objectives
1.2 Some Simple Definition of A.I.
1.3 Definition by Eliane Rich
1.4 Definition by Buchanin and Shortliffe
1.5 Another Definition by Elaine Rich
1.6 Definition by Barr and Feigenbaum
1.7 Definition by Shalkoff
1.8 Summary
1.9 Further Readings/References
efinitions, descriptions, process explanations, j and instru.docxjack60216
efinitions, descriptions, process explanations, j and instructions are the types of writing that people often think of when they think of technical communication. This chapter and Chapter 6 cover these four elements of technical communication.
Definitions and descriptions are closely related; in fact, descriptions often begin with a definition. Process explanations and instructions are also closely related, with the difference being how the reader will use the documents.
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
Guidelines for Writing Definitions
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
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Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
Guidelines for Writing Definitions
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
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mytechconirnlab^l
Description 5 opens with a formal definition sentence.
Definitions Versus Descriptions
During your career, you will use technical terms known only to those in your profession. As a civil engineer, for example, you would know that a triaxial compression test helps determine the strength of soil samples. As a documentation specialist, you would know that single-sourcing allows the creation of multiple documents from the same original text. When writing to readers unfamiliar with these fields, however, you must define technical terms. You may also have to describe technical objects, and the distinction between definition and description can sometimes be a bit confusing.
Definitions and descriptions can appear in any part of a document, from the introduction to the appendix, or they may be created as stand-alone documents. Good definitions can support findings, conclusions, and recommendations throughout your document. They also keep readers interested. Conversely, the most organized and well-written report falls on deaf ears if it includes terms that readers do not grasp. For your reader's sake, then, you must be asking questions like these about definitions:
How often do you use them? Where should they be placed? What format should they take?
How much information is enough, and how much is too much?
To answer these questions, the following sections give guidelines for definitions and supply annotated examples.
Descriptions are similar to definitions. In fact, they often open with a short definition, but they also emphasize the physical details of the object being described. Like definitions, descriptions often appear as supporting information in the document body or in appendices.
»
»
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
Guidelines for Writing Definitions
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
i
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
Guidelines for Writing Definitions
Chapter 5 Definitions and Descriptions
i
I
Guidelines for Writing Definitions
Once you know definitions are needed, you must decide on their format and location. Again, consider your readers. How much information do they need? Where is this information best placed within the document? To answer these and other questions, we offer ...
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
4. Definition- is a word or expression
that has a precise meaning in some
uses or is peculiar to a science, art,
profession, or subject. Defining term
is one way of helping to resolve
problems of ambiguity.
4
6. Mostly refers to the aspect of
explaining or describing any
technical terms or terminology.
It pertains to a jargon or a
specialized definition of a word.
6
7. Technical definition is having special and
usually practical knowledge especially of a
mechanical or scientific subject. Technical
definition mostly refers to the aspect of
explaining or describing any technical terms
or terminologies.
Examples include the terms and definitions of
the words found in dictionary.
7
8. Examples:
1.Email message is one platform that connects people
by using any form of gadget.
2. Interviewing is a conversational practice where
knowledge is produced through the interaction
between an interviewer and interviewee.
3. Statistics is the quantity that is computed from a
sample.
4. Evidence is an outward sign of proofs to ascertain
the truth of a matter.
5. Generalization is a general statement, law,
principle, or proportion. 8
9. 9
A computer is a device or
machine used in performing,
assessing, evaluating and
following commands set by
users.
10. Technical definitions can be
described in four ways.
1. Definitions that describe
They often appeal to the
reader’s visual senses by
describing size, shape, and
appearance. This describes
what the thing does, how it is
used.
10
Aileron is a small, slender, hinged
section on the outer portion of a wing,
used to control an aircraft’s rolling and
banking movements. It usually works in
opposition: as the left aileron is
deflected upward, the right is deflected
downward, and vice versa.
11. Technical definitions can be
described in four ways.
2. Definitions that compare
and contrast
They give similarities or
differences between subject.
This often compares or
contrasts something
unfamiliar with something
that the reader knows.
11
Flash drive is a device used to
store data. However,it differs
from floppy disks; it is much
smaller (70 mm long, 30 mm
wide, and about 11 mm in
height) and more durable and
contains no internal moving
parts.
12. Technical definitions can be
described in four ways.
3. Definitions that provide examples
They provide a clear-cut and familiar example of the
thing or concept being defined.
Example:
Sports car might be defined as vehicles with sleek body
styles, superior acceleration, and little cargo space,
and so forth. (Examples of sports cars are Cherie Clipper,
Elude Adder, or Torch 711).
12
13. Technical definitions can be
described in four ways.
4. Definitions that illustrate with visuals
They give readers visual prompts for clear and quick
understanding.
Example:
13
15. is the specific meaning of word or
pharse given to ot by the group of
people who used the word in their
specific context. It is the application
of the word.
15
16. 16
A computer is something
used in doing homeworks
or browsing the internet.