Major Landmarks in Thiruvananthapuram:
Each landmark has its own historical importance
This is a case study on the important buildings in the Trivandrum city along with its historical background. This will help to know more about the city.
Varanasi is an ancient city located on the banks of the Ganges River in Uttar Pradesh. It has been continuously inhabited for over 2,000 years and is considered one of the holiest places in Hinduism. The document describes Varanasi's history and growth, including its traditional core established in the 2nd century BC, and later developments like the colonial settlement in the 18th century and Benaras Hindu University in 1916. It provides statistical data on Varanasi's population, literacy rates, and administrative divisions. Key features discussed include the 84 ghats along the Ganges used for religious rituals and bathing, and the city's radial and orthogonal street networks within the traditional core.
1.4 town planning ancient india vedic buddha periodSachin PatiL
Necessity scope principles of Town Planning,
Present status of town planning in India,
Contribution of town planners in modern era,
Sir Patrick Geddes,
Sir Ebenezer Howard,
Clarence stein,
Sir Patrick Abercrombie,
Le Corbusier,
HERITAGE- It is not only about built heritage but includes certain distinctive open areas, neighborhoods, and environs
which are of historical, aesthetic,
cultural or sociological interest and
value which we would like to preserve
for the posterity as they enrich our
history and traditions.Heritage characteristics to be
preserved or conserved are
identified as elevational features,
floor heights, cornices, special
carvings designs, motifs,
architectural style, roof-scape
etc.
Conserving and preserving the
Heritage of our historical possession
in its pristine and original form, so
that it continues to portray its original
beauty, distinctive character, unique
style or use or association with a
distinctive historical personality or
event
Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, India. It has a population of over 2 million people and is known as the City of Lakes due to the two large lakes within the city. The city has a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. Some of the major tourist attractions in Bhopal include the Taj-ul-Masjid mosque, which is one of the largest mosques in India. The city faces issues with its sewage and solid waste management, as much of its sewage and drainage ends up in local water sources like the Upper Lake, which provides drinking water to 40% of the population. Transportation within the city faces challenges like lack of multi-modal integration
The document provides information on regional and city planning for Varanasi, India. It discusses the following key points:
1. The importance and need for regional planning to promote balanced and equitable development, reduce disparities, and manage issues like migration.
2. Goals for Varanasi city planning include understanding sustainability concerns, assessing status by sector, and formulating strategies to develop Varanasi as a regional economic center.
3. An introduction to Varanasi district and city which describe the geography, infrastructure, demography, economy, and industries. Varanasi has a rich cultural heritage and is an important tourist and commercial center.
The document describes the CIDCO Urban Haat located in CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Some key details include:
- It is located on 15 acres of land and has 50 exhibition shops, an amphitheater seating 200, and a food court.
- Facilities include shops exhibiting crafts and food, an amphitheater, and exhibition hall. The design incorporates local vernacular architecture with sloping roofs.
- It serves as a permanent marketplace and location for fairs, exhibitions, and cultural events for the area.
The document summarizes the development of the city structure of Bhubaneswar, India over time. It describes how the city began as a temple town (until 1948) and was then established as the new capital of Orissa in 1948, with a master plan developed by Otto Koenigsberger. It outlines the stages of the city's growth, including the establishment of institutions from 1956-1976, organized sector developments from 1976 onward, and the current extent and layout of the city. Land use is also summarized, including the original 1968 master plan and subsequent 1988-2001 comprehensive development plan.
Varanasi is an ancient city located on the banks of the Ganges River in Uttar Pradesh. It has been continuously inhabited for over 2,000 years and is considered one of the holiest places in Hinduism. The document describes Varanasi's history and growth, including its traditional core established in the 2nd century BC, and later developments like the colonial settlement in the 18th century and Benaras Hindu University in 1916. It provides statistical data on Varanasi's population, literacy rates, and administrative divisions. Key features discussed include the 84 ghats along the Ganges used for religious rituals and bathing, and the city's radial and orthogonal street networks within the traditional core.
1.4 town planning ancient india vedic buddha periodSachin PatiL
Necessity scope principles of Town Planning,
Present status of town planning in India,
Contribution of town planners in modern era,
Sir Patrick Geddes,
Sir Ebenezer Howard,
Clarence stein,
Sir Patrick Abercrombie,
Le Corbusier,
HERITAGE- It is not only about built heritage but includes certain distinctive open areas, neighborhoods, and environs
which are of historical, aesthetic,
cultural or sociological interest and
value which we would like to preserve
for the posterity as they enrich our
history and traditions.Heritage characteristics to be
preserved or conserved are
identified as elevational features,
floor heights, cornices, special
carvings designs, motifs,
architectural style, roof-scape
etc.
Conserving and preserving the
Heritage of our historical possession
in its pristine and original form, so
that it continues to portray its original
beauty, distinctive character, unique
style or use or association with a
distinctive historical personality or
event
Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, India. It has a population of over 2 million people and is known as the City of Lakes due to the two large lakes within the city. The city has a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. Some of the major tourist attractions in Bhopal include the Taj-ul-Masjid mosque, which is one of the largest mosques in India. The city faces issues with its sewage and solid waste management, as much of its sewage and drainage ends up in local water sources like the Upper Lake, which provides drinking water to 40% of the population. Transportation within the city faces challenges like lack of multi-modal integration
The document provides information on regional and city planning for Varanasi, India. It discusses the following key points:
1. The importance and need for regional planning to promote balanced and equitable development, reduce disparities, and manage issues like migration.
2. Goals for Varanasi city planning include understanding sustainability concerns, assessing status by sector, and formulating strategies to develop Varanasi as a regional economic center.
3. An introduction to Varanasi district and city which describe the geography, infrastructure, demography, economy, and industries. Varanasi has a rich cultural heritage and is an important tourist and commercial center.
The document describes the CIDCO Urban Haat located in CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Some key details include:
- It is located on 15 acres of land and has 50 exhibition shops, an amphitheater seating 200, and a food court.
- Facilities include shops exhibiting crafts and food, an amphitheater, and exhibition hall. The design incorporates local vernacular architecture with sloping roofs.
- It serves as a permanent marketplace and location for fairs, exhibitions, and cultural events for the area.
The document summarizes the development of the city structure of Bhubaneswar, India over time. It describes how the city began as a temple town (until 1948) and was then established as the new capital of Orissa in 1948, with a master plan developed by Otto Koenigsberger. It outlines the stages of the city's growth, including the establishment of institutions from 1956-1976, organized sector developments from 1976 onward, and the current extent and layout of the city. Land use is also summarized, including the original 1968 master plan and subsequent 1988-2001 comprehensive development plan.
Planning Theories presents in the city UJJAINPraveen Mukati
Ujjain, India is an ancient city situated on the Kshipra River. It has developed in a wedge-shaped pattern along major transportation routes like railroads and roads. The city follows Homer Hoyt's sector model of urban structure, with sectors emanating from the city center along transportation arteries. The old city lies north of the railroad, while the new area started developing south of the railroad in the 1930s. Ujjain has a rich cultural heritage and religious significance, with many historic temples that attract pilgrims and influence the city's growth pattern.
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
The document discusses the town planning of Delhi, including its geography, history of urbanization, population growth trends, and master plans implemented over time to accommodate increasing population. It provides details on the planning and development of Shahjahanabad during Mughal rule in the 17th century, including the layout of key areas like the Red Fort, Jama Masjid mosque, streets, neighborhoods, gardens and city walls. It also briefly outlines the subsequent development of Lutyens' Delhi after Delhi became the capital under British rule in the early 20th century.
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
This document provides an overview of vernacular architecture in Kerala, India. It discusses the concepts of vastu shastra and types of traditional houses like nalukettu and ettukettu. Common building materials used include laterite stone, timber, tiles, and thatch. The nalukettu house design incorporates structures for different functions arranged around a central courtyard. Vernacular architecture in Kerala effectively uses local materials and responds to the climate and needs of the region.
The document provides an overview of vernacular architecture in India. It discusses that vernacular architecture is native and uses local materials, craftsmanship and technology suited for the climate. India has diverse climatic zones and each region developed distinct vernacular styles using local resources responsive to the climate and culture. Examples of vernacular building types from different regions are given along with their features adapted for ventilation, lighting and thermal comfort through passive design. The conclusion emphasizes that studying vernacular architecture can provide lessons for sustainable design that blends traditional wisdom with modern technology.
This document discusses different types of riverfront development and advantages of riverfront projects. It provides details about a specific project along the Haihe River in Tianjin, China that redeveloped the riverfront for flood control, tourism, recreation, and economic activity. The project included new land uses, transportation improvements, and public open spaces along the river to revitalize the area. It also describes a riverfront redevelopment project in Hamburg, Germany along the Elbe River that protected the area from floods while improving public access and activating the waterfront.
Interpretation is revealing meanings and relationships through educational activities and using original objects and media. It is a valuable management tool at heritage sites to manage crowds, conserve the past, and educate the public. Interpretation includes all ways of presenting the cultural significance of a place, including activities at the place and educational materials. Effective interpretation provokes attention, offers paths to deeper meaning, and turns phenomena into experiences. The ICOMOS Charter introduces seven recommendations for effective heritage interpretation, including inclusiveness, research/evaluation, and sustainability. Interpretation enhances understanding and enjoyment of heritage sites by appealing to different audiences and learning styles. It shows visitors the value of the site and can inspire visitors. Without interpretation, a historic site is just an old
Kochi, also known as Cochin, is a major port city in Kerala, India located on the southwest coast. It developed due to flooding of the Periyar River, with early settlements in Mattanchery facing protected lagoons. Kochi was an important trading center for spices and maintained trade networks with Arab merchants. It was occupied by European powers like the Portuguese, Dutch, and British from the 16th century onwards. Over time, Kochi has expanded from its original settlements through urbanization and industrialization. Major developments include the construction of the Kochi port in 1916 and the expansion of residential and commercial areas.
Intach( Indian National Trust for Art,Culture and Heritage)Kalyan S Patil
Its one of best voluntary organization in the Tourism sector org which is protecting art, culture and heritage of india, which can helps students to have info about tourism planning and development.
The document provides information on the geography, topography, history, population characteristics, economic base, workforce characteristics, housing conditions, natural environment, and community facilities of Hyderabad, India. Some key points:
- Hyderabad is located on the banks of the Musi River in southern India on the Deccan plateau. The landscape includes rocky hills and granite formations.
- The population has grown rapidly from 5.5 million in 2001 to over 10 million currently, with high literacy rates. The economy was traditionally based on manufacturing but is now focused on IT, biotechnology, and services.
- Housing conditions include a large slum population with ongoing efforts to provide housing to lower-income groups.
The document provides an overview of the morphological evolution and spatial development of Bengaluru (Bangalore) city in India. It discusses how the city began as a small fort established in 1537, and over time expanded through population growth and economic development to become a large metropolis. The document outlines Bengaluru's transformation from a historic town organized around markets or "petes" into a modern city with a concentric structure defined by radial roads and ring roads. It focuses specifically on the development of M.G. Road as a prominent commercial area at the center of the city and discusses landmarks along the road.
New Delhi was designed in the early 20th century to serve as the capital of British-controlled India. It was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker in a grandiose colonial style inspired by Mughal architecture. Construction began in the 1920s on a symmetrical grid layout with wide boulevards, bisected by a central axis containing government buildings. Some of the most prominent architectural buildings included Rashtrapati Bhavan, the residence of the President of India, and the circular Parliament House, as well as Connaught Place, a commercial hub, and memorial structures like India Gate.
Udaipur is a city in Rajasthan, India located on the banks of Lake Pichola. It has a population of over 450,000 people and is known as the "City of Lakes" due to its many lakes. The economy is based on mineral industries such as copper, zinc and marble mining. Tourism is also a major industry thanks to the city's historic palaces and lakes. The city has a literacy rate higher than the national average and several universities. Transportation is provided by an airport and rail stations while buses connect to other cities.
The document discusses riverfront development, providing definitions and describing different types of waterfronts. It outlines the Sabarmati Riverfront Development project in Ahmedabad, India, which aims to redevelop the banks of the Sabarmati River. The project objectives are environmental improvement, developing social infrastructure, and sustainable development. It details the challenges of the project and the features being developed, including parks, promenades, sports facilities, and other public amenities. The project has helped beautify Ahmedabad and provide new recreational opportunities along the river.
Pataliputra was an ancient city in modern-day Patna, India that served as the capital of several successive dynasties from the Nandas to the Guptas due to its central location. Situated at the confluence of major rivers, it dominated riverine trade and was a major commercial center. During the reign of Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, Pataliputra was one of the world's largest cities, with a population between 150,000-400,000 people spread over 25.5 square kilometers. It was well-fortified with walls, towers, gates and a surrounding ditch for defense.
1) The Tamil Nadu government introduced the "Samathuvapuram" housing scheme in 1997 to establish social equality through spatial equality by creating model villages where people of different castes and religions could live together integrated and have equal access to facilities.
2) The first Samathuvapuram village was established in Madurai district, with 100 houses built for beneficiaries selected from different castes and social groups. Residents have access to shared facilities like a school, health clinic, and playground.
3) The scheme aims to overcome the traditional practice of physical separation of castes in villages, with Dalits typically living on the outskirts. Samathuvapurams instead allocate houses randomly so families of all backgrounds live
The document analyzes the website of KSRTC (Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation) and compares it to the websites of other transportation organizations like WMATA (Washington Metro Transit Authority) and Greyhound. It finds that the KSRTC website lacks clear navigation, an intuitive booking process, and useful features that are present on the other sites, and could be improved by taking design cues from the more successful transportation websites.
Planning Theories presents in the city UJJAINPraveen Mukati
Ujjain, India is an ancient city situated on the Kshipra River. It has developed in a wedge-shaped pattern along major transportation routes like railroads and roads. The city follows Homer Hoyt's sector model of urban structure, with sectors emanating from the city center along transportation arteries. The old city lies north of the railroad, while the new area started developing south of the railroad in the 1930s. Ujjain has a rich cultural heritage and religious significance, with many historic temples that attract pilgrims and influence the city's growth pattern.
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
The document discusses the town planning of Delhi, including its geography, history of urbanization, population growth trends, and master plans implemented over time to accommodate increasing population. It provides details on the planning and development of Shahjahanabad during Mughal rule in the 17th century, including the layout of key areas like the Red Fort, Jama Masjid mosque, streets, neighborhoods, gardens and city walls. It also briefly outlines the subsequent development of Lutyens' Delhi after Delhi became the capital under British rule in the early 20th century.
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
This document provides an overview of vernacular architecture in Kerala, India. It discusses the concepts of vastu shastra and types of traditional houses like nalukettu and ettukettu. Common building materials used include laterite stone, timber, tiles, and thatch. The nalukettu house design incorporates structures for different functions arranged around a central courtyard. Vernacular architecture in Kerala effectively uses local materials and responds to the climate and needs of the region.
The document provides an overview of vernacular architecture in India. It discusses that vernacular architecture is native and uses local materials, craftsmanship and technology suited for the climate. India has diverse climatic zones and each region developed distinct vernacular styles using local resources responsive to the climate and culture. Examples of vernacular building types from different regions are given along with their features adapted for ventilation, lighting and thermal comfort through passive design. The conclusion emphasizes that studying vernacular architecture can provide lessons for sustainable design that blends traditional wisdom with modern technology.
This document discusses different types of riverfront development and advantages of riverfront projects. It provides details about a specific project along the Haihe River in Tianjin, China that redeveloped the riverfront for flood control, tourism, recreation, and economic activity. The project included new land uses, transportation improvements, and public open spaces along the river to revitalize the area. It also describes a riverfront redevelopment project in Hamburg, Germany along the Elbe River that protected the area from floods while improving public access and activating the waterfront.
Interpretation is revealing meanings and relationships through educational activities and using original objects and media. It is a valuable management tool at heritage sites to manage crowds, conserve the past, and educate the public. Interpretation includes all ways of presenting the cultural significance of a place, including activities at the place and educational materials. Effective interpretation provokes attention, offers paths to deeper meaning, and turns phenomena into experiences. The ICOMOS Charter introduces seven recommendations for effective heritage interpretation, including inclusiveness, research/evaluation, and sustainability. Interpretation enhances understanding and enjoyment of heritage sites by appealing to different audiences and learning styles. It shows visitors the value of the site and can inspire visitors. Without interpretation, a historic site is just an old
Kochi, also known as Cochin, is a major port city in Kerala, India located on the southwest coast. It developed due to flooding of the Periyar River, with early settlements in Mattanchery facing protected lagoons. Kochi was an important trading center for spices and maintained trade networks with Arab merchants. It was occupied by European powers like the Portuguese, Dutch, and British from the 16th century onwards. Over time, Kochi has expanded from its original settlements through urbanization and industrialization. Major developments include the construction of the Kochi port in 1916 and the expansion of residential and commercial areas.
Intach( Indian National Trust for Art,Culture and Heritage)Kalyan S Patil
Its one of best voluntary organization in the Tourism sector org which is protecting art, culture and heritage of india, which can helps students to have info about tourism planning and development.
The document provides information on the geography, topography, history, population characteristics, economic base, workforce characteristics, housing conditions, natural environment, and community facilities of Hyderabad, India. Some key points:
- Hyderabad is located on the banks of the Musi River in southern India on the Deccan plateau. The landscape includes rocky hills and granite formations.
- The population has grown rapidly from 5.5 million in 2001 to over 10 million currently, with high literacy rates. The economy was traditionally based on manufacturing but is now focused on IT, biotechnology, and services.
- Housing conditions include a large slum population with ongoing efforts to provide housing to lower-income groups.
The document provides an overview of the morphological evolution and spatial development of Bengaluru (Bangalore) city in India. It discusses how the city began as a small fort established in 1537, and over time expanded through population growth and economic development to become a large metropolis. The document outlines Bengaluru's transformation from a historic town organized around markets or "petes" into a modern city with a concentric structure defined by radial roads and ring roads. It focuses specifically on the development of M.G. Road as a prominent commercial area at the center of the city and discusses landmarks along the road.
New Delhi was designed in the early 20th century to serve as the capital of British-controlled India. It was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker in a grandiose colonial style inspired by Mughal architecture. Construction began in the 1920s on a symmetrical grid layout with wide boulevards, bisected by a central axis containing government buildings. Some of the most prominent architectural buildings included Rashtrapati Bhavan, the residence of the President of India, and the circular Parliament House, as well as Connaught Place, a commercial hub, and memorial structures like India Gate.
Udaipur is a city in Rajasthan, India located on the banks of Lake Pichola. It has a population of over 450,000 people and is known as the "City of Lakes" due to its many lakes. The economy is based on mineral industries such as copper, zinc and marble mining. Tourism is also a major industry thanks to the city's historic palaces and lakes. The city has a literacy rate higher than the national average and several universities. Transportation is provided by an airport and rail stations while buses connect to other cities.
The document discusses riverfront development, providing definitions and describing different types of waterfronts. It outlines the Sabarmati Riverfront Development project in Ahmedabad, India, which aims to redevelop the banks of the Sabarmati River. The project objectives are environmental improvement, developing social infrastructure, and sustainable development. It details the challenges of the project and the features being developed, including parks, promenades, sports facilities, and other public amenities. The project has helped beautify Ahmedabad and provide new recreational opportunities along the river.
Pataliputra was an ancient city in modern-day Patna, India that served as the capital of several successive dynasties from the Nandas to the Guptas due to its central location. Situated at the confluence of major rivers, it dominated riverine trade and was a major commercial center. During the reign of Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, Pataliputra was one of the world's largest cities, with a population between 150,000-400,000 people spread over 25.5 square kilometers. It was well-fortified with walls, towers, gates and a surrounding ditch for defense.
1) The Tamil Nadu government introduced the "Samathuvapuram" housing scheme in 1997 to establish social equality through spatial equality by creating model villages where people of different castes and religions could live together integrated and have equal access to facilities.
2) The first Samathuvapuram village was established in Madurai district, with 100 houses built for beneficiaries selected from different castes and social groups. Residents have access to shared facilities like a school, health clinic, and playground.
3) The scheme aims to overcome the traditional practice of physical separation of castes in villages, with Dalits typically living on the outskirts. Samathuvapurams instead allocate houses randomly so families of all backgrounds live
The document analyzes the website of KSRTC (Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation) and compares it to the websites of other transportation organizations like WMATA (Washington Metro Transit Authority) and Greyhound. It finds that the KSRTC website lacks clear navigation, an intuitive booking process, and useful features that are present on the other sites, and could be improved by taking design cues from the more successful transportation websites.
Ksrtc central works INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORTGeorge Jose
KSRTC Central Works is the main workshop for KSRTC that handles large-scale repairs and maintenance of buses. It has major departments like Workshop, Body Building, and others that focus on overhauling engines, transmissions, suspensions, and addressing other mechanical failures. The workshop dismantles vehicles, cleans and replaces worn parts, and performs tests before reassembly to ensure quality. The Body Building department handles interior and exterior assembly of new buses integrating mechanical components. The industrial visit provided students understanding of industry operations across different sections.
The document summarizes an in-plant training report at the KSRTC Regional Workshop in Mavelikkara, Kerala from June 28th to July 7th. It describes the various maintenance sections at the workshop including the engine assembly, gearbox, propeller shaft, small units like air brakes and clutches, front axle, differential, fuel injection, electrical, steering, suspension, and body building sections. The training provided hands-on experience of repairing and maintaining different parts of KSRTC buses. It was a valuable opportunity for the trainees to apply their engineering knowledge and gain practical skills relevant to their future careers.
This document discusses different types of structures. It defines a structure as a group of elements that can support weight without breaking or deforming. It identifies common structural elements like columns, beams, braces, and arches. It also discusses natural versus man-made structures and provides examples of each. Finally, it outlines different forces that act on structures, such as tension, compression, flexion, torsion, and shear.
Unprotected Heritage of Travancore, KeralaBinumol Tom
Unprotected Built heritage in Kerala and Tamilnadu within the political boundary of the erstwhile princely state of Travancore
Though the mother country of Travancore was the Mandala Kingdom Chera, during Kali Yuga, it was reduced to the erstwhile region of Travancore with its area of 66531/2 square miles situated between the 8th and 10th degree of North latitude. This 17th century Princely Kingdom lie in the geographical regions that extended from the present day Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu) in the South, to Cochin (Kerala) in the North. (for map refer Appendix A1 ).
A warm humidity is one of the special features of the climate of Travancore. The land is protected by the Western Ghats on the eastern side and the Arabian Sea on the western side and due to this peculiar geographical position external cultural invasions and influences did not really affect this narrow stretch of land (though there was transfer of knowledge), and remained comparatively pure in its culture.
Rich in timber, religious as well as domestic buildings were in wood; with granite/ laterite stone used minimally for plinths and selected walls. The land with buildings about one to five centuries old is characterized by superior quality of building skill and meticulous craftsmanship in timber, pertaining to the southern regional style. Constructed primarily of wood, these buildings are replete with exquisite ornamentation of a very functional nature. Religion has played a major role in the erection of a house or a temple, the selection of the site, the measurement systems followed, the date of commencement of the work, the materials employed, the orientation of the structure, its layout, and other factors which were associated with the religious dogmas, beliefs which it was believed that if overlooked, will displease the Gods and bring ill luck to the people residing in the building. They were erected with relatively strict adherence to the canons which were formulated over the years of experience obtained in building construction crystallized into a number of formulae governing proportions, dimensions, orientation, location and procedures thus creating a genetic code for architecture in Timber.
Travancore bears testimony of being the rich treasury of built and unbuilt heritage. The attempt undertaken through this research project is to identify, document and prepare a data base of unprotected built heritage existing in the expanse of the princely kingdom of Travancore.
The document discusses Agraharams, which were Brahmin quarters or villages inhabited by Brahmins in South India. Agraharams were linear settlements arranged around a central temple. The houses were arranged in rows on either side of a road leading to the temple. This layout resembled a garland around the temple, giving the settlements the name "Agraharam," which means "garland of houses." The planning followed a grid pattern with the temple at the center. Houses had features like verandas and courtyards suited to the local climate. Agraharams fostered a joint family system and sense of community among their residents.
A blueprint for conserving the historic canal precinct of alappuzha townBinumol Tom
Heritage of a place be it natural or manmade, once lost is lost for ever. It cannot be recreated with its golden stains of time. Lets get together to conserve the rich heritage of our country and be dutiful citizens of India.
The document outlines 150 potential topics for studies, including:
- Studies on various aspects of employee satisfaction, recruitment, training, and welfare in companies.
- Studies analyzing customers' perceptions, buying behaviors, and preferences towards various products and services.
- Studies evaluating the effectiveness of various organizational systems like performance management, quality initiatives, and training programs.
- Financial studies on topics like capital budgeting, working capital management, financial performance, and credit appraisal.
This portfolio document provides a summary of Gopal N.P.'s academic and professional qualifications and works. It includes projects from his Bachelor of Architecture degree focusing on vernacular architecture in South India and urban design studies. It also lists internship experience with architecture firms in New Delhi and Gandhinagar. The portfolio highlights a regional information center design project in Rajkot respecting the local building traditions and a hypothetical city design exploring urban planning strategies.
final Year Projects, Final Year Projects in Chennai, Software Projects, Embedded Projects, Microcontrollers Projects, DSP Projects, VLSI Projects, Matlab Projects, Java Projects, .NET Projects, IEEE Projects, IEEE 2009 Projects, IEEE 2009 Projects, Software, IEEE 2009 Projects, Embedded, Software IEEE 2009 Projects, Embedded IEEE 2009 Projects, Final Year Project Titles, Final Year Project Reports, Final Year Project Review, Robotics Projects, Mechanical Projects, Electrical Projects, Power Electronics Projects, Power System Projects, Model Projects, Java Projects, J2EE Projects, Engineering Projects, Student Projects, Engineering College Projects, MCA Projects, BE Projects, BTech Projects, ME Projects, MTech Projects, Wireless Networks Projects, Network Security Projects, Networking Projects, final year projects, ieee projects, student projects, college projects, ieee projects in chennai, java projects, software ieee projects, embedded ieee projects, "ieee2009projects", "final year projects", "ieee projects", "Engineering Projects", "Final Year Projects in Chennai", "Final year Projects at Chennai", Java Projects, ASP.NET Projects, VB.NET Projects, C# Projects, Visual C++ Projects, Matlab Projects, NS2 Projects, C Projects, Microcontroller Projects, ATMEL Projects, PIC Projects, ARM Projects, DSP Projects, VLSI Projects, FPGA Projects, CPLD Projects, Power Electronics Projects, Electrical Projects, Robotics Projects, Solor Projects, MEMS Projects, J2EE Projects, J2ME Projects, AJAX Projects, Structs Projects, EJB Projects, Real Time Projects, Live Projects, Student Projects, Engineering Projects, MCA Projects, MBA Projects, College Projects, BE Projects, BTech Projects, ME Projects, MTech Projects, M.Sc Projects, Final Year Java Projects, Final Year ASP.NET Projects, Final Year VB.NET Projects, Final Year C# Projects, Final Year Visual C++ Projects, Final Year Matlab Projects, Final Year NS2 Projects, Final Year C Projects, Final Year Microcontroller Projects, Final Year ATMEL Projects, Final Year PIC Projects, Final Year ARM Projects, Final Year DSP Projects, Final Year VLSI Projects, Final Year FPGA Projects, Final Year CPLD Projects, Final Year Power Electronics Projects, Final Year Electrical Projects, Final Year Robotics Projects, Final Year Solor Projects, Final Year MEMS Projects, Final Year J2EE Projects, Final Year J2ME Projects, Final Year AJAX Projects, Final Year Structs Projects, Final Year EJB Projects, Final Year Real Time Projects, Final Year Live Projects, Final Year Student Projects, Final Year Engineering Projects, Final Year MCA Projects, Final Year MBA Projects, Final Year College Projects, Final Year BE Projects, Final Year BTech Projects, Final Year ME Projects, Final Year MTech Projects, Final Year M.Sc Projects, IEEE Java Projects, ASP.NET Projects, VB.NET Projects, C# Projects, Visual C++ Projects, Matlab Projects, NS2 Projects, C Projects, Microcontroller Projects, ATMEL Projects, PIC Projects, ARM Projects, DSP Projects, VLSI Projects, FPGA Projects, CPLD Projects, Power Electronics Projects, Electrical Projects, Robotics Projects, Solor Projects, MEMS Projects, J2EE Projects, J2ME Projects, AJAX Projects, Structs Projects, EJB Projects, Real Time Projects, Live Projects, Student Projects, Engineering Projects, MCA Projects, MBA Projects, College Projects, BE Projects, BTech Projects, ME Projects, MTech Projects, M.Sc Projects, IEEE 2009 Java Projects, IEEE 2009 ASP.NET Projects, IEEE 2009 VB.NET Projects, IEEE 2009 C# Projects, IEEE 2009 Visual C++ Projects, IEEE 2009 Matlab Projects, IEEE 2009 NS2 Projects, IEEE 2009 C Projects, IEEE 2009 Microcontroller Projects, IEEE 2009 ATMEL Projects, IEEE 2009 PIC Projects, IEEE 2009 ARM Projects, IEEE 2009 DSP Projects, IEEE 2009 VLSI Projects, IEEE 2009 FPGA Projects, IEEE 2009 CPLD Projects, IEEE 2009 Power Electronics Projects, IEEE 2009 Electrical Projects, IEEE 2009 Robotics Projects, IEEE 2009 Solor Projects, IEEE 2009 MEMS Projects, IEEE 2009 J2EE P
The document summarizes traditional South Indian architecture and culture. It describes the Mysore Palace, built in 1897, as the prime example. It combines elements of Hindu, Islamic, Rajput, and Gothic styles. The palace's three stories are made of stone and marble, surrounded by gardens. South Indian classical music, Carnatic music, and elaborate dance forms like Bharatanatyam are highlighted as integral parts of the region's culture. Sculptures at temples exemplify the expression and preservation of dance.
The document discusses traditional Kerala architecture, including residential and temple architecture. It describes the influence of Kerala's climate on architectural features like verandahs, courtyards, and sloped roofs. It outlines different house types like ekasala (single hall house) and nalukettu (courtyard house). Nair tharavad houses and Nambudiri illams are discussed in detail. Temple architecture is also summarized, noting features like the sreekovil sanctum, sloped copper roofs, and similarities to domestic architecture.
This document lists research projects completed by undergraduate and postgraduate students of Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. It includes 29 thesis projects conducted by UG students on various topics related to assessing interventions to reduce anxiety, improve knowledge and outcomes for patients. It also lists 27 dissertation topics selected by MPhil Nursing students in 2006-2008 on topics like effectiveness of interventions, awareness programs, and assessments of various patient populations and health issues. The document provides an overview of the types of studies conducted by students at CMC Vellore across multiple disciplines and locations in India.
1) The document discusses secular heritages and monuments in Tiruchirappalli, India, including the Fort Gate Way (Main Guard Gate) and the regional museum.
2) The Fort Gate Way dates back to the 15th century and was strengthened during the Vijayanagar Empire and Madurai Nayak period. It has strategic and historical significance.
3) The regional museum in Tiruchirappalli was established in 1983 to preserve archaeological findings and help illustrate the city's history. It is housed in the former palace of Rani Mangammal, who ruled in the late 17th century.
This presentation is about the Monuments of India. I have traced the monuments from the Ancient India, Medieval India and Modern India. This presentation is part of my school project where, I had the limitation of only 10 monuments. I hope you would like the presentation.
The document provides a list of the top 10 architecture sites in India. It summarizes each site in 1-2 sentences. The sites included are: 1) Taj Mahal, the iconic white marble mausoleum in Agra. 2) Qutub Minar, the tallest brick minaret in the world located in Delhi. 3) Hawa Mahal, a pink sandstone palace in Jaipur known for its intricate honeycomb design. 4) Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur, an exemplary example of Dravidian architecture. 5) Red Fort, the historic fort in Delhi that served as the residence for Mughal Emperors. 6) Umaid Bhawan
The document provides details about the famous Tirumala Venkateswara Temple located in Tirupati, India. It is one of the richest Hindu temples in the world, visited by over 35 million pilgrims annually. The temple is built on Venkata Hill atop the Seshachalam Hills in accordance with Dravidian architecture. It houses the idol of Lord Venkateswara, a form of Lord Vishnu, believed to have manifested himself to save mankind from adversities. The temple has a long history with legends dating back to ancient texts and evidence of contributions from various dynasties. It celebrates numerous festivals throughout the year, with the 9-day Brahmotsav
This document provides an itinerary summary for a Heart of India tour led by Krishan Dev Sharma. The tour visits several notable religious and cultural sites across India, including Sikh and Hindu temples in Delhi, Jaipur's Pink City attractions, Ranthambore National Park wildlife sanctuary, villages showcasing rural life, the Taj Mahal in Agra, Khajuraho temples' sculptures, and Varanasi on the Ganges River known as the holy city of India. The tour offers insights into India's rich diversity of religions, architecture, and people through guided experiences and homestays over its itinerary spanning New Delhi, Rajasthan, and beyond.
The PPP presentation is based on the architecture and art of Brihadeshwara temple of Chola period. It has basic introduction of the region. This is for tthe students of UG and PG not for API.
The Brihadeeswar Temple was built by Tamil King Raja Raja Chola I and completed in 1010 AD. It is one of the largest temples in India, located on the south side of the Kaveri river in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. The Vimanam is 216 ft high, making it the tallest in the world. The temple is made entirely of granite and is a popular tourist attraction in the state.
The Red Fort was the residence of Mughal emperors for nearly 200 years until 1857. Located in Delhi, it houses museums and was the ceremonial and political center of the Mughal government. Important events impacting the region took place there. It remains an iconic symbol of India where the Prime Minister hoists the national flag and gives a speech each Independence Day.
Ancient History (1st to 9th centuries) – Tamil Nadu was ruled by Early Cholas between 01st to 04th century. During later half of 04th century Pallavas emerged into prominence and dominated for 400 years.
Medieval History (9th to 15th centuries) – Cholas rose as a strong power in 09th century. Pandyas emerged in early 14th century and in later 14th century a new kingdom was built called Vijayanagr empire.
Modern History (17th -19th century) -The British, under the British East India Company, established a settlement further south, in present day Chennai, in the year 1639.
Kasthamandap was a three-storied public shelter that included a shrine consecrated to Gorakshanath situated at Maru, Kathmandu, Nepal. Several myths and stories about the date of the construction of the Kasthamandap Temple have been resolved with the recent archeological findings. The newly discovered objects during the excavation here in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquake have suggested that the Kasthamandap may have been built in the 7th century during the Lichhavi era.
The Meenakshi Amman Temple is a historic Hindu temple located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi and her consort, Sundareswar. The temple covers an area over 800 feet long and wide and has five entrances. It contains over 33,000 sculptures throughout and hosts an annual 10 day festival, Meenakshi Tirukalyanam, that attracts over 1 million visitors. The temple also has a Golden Lotus Pond and a Thousand Pillar Hall decorated with carved pillars and sculptures.
The document discusses several World Heritage Sites located in India that have been inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List. It mentions sites like Kaziranga National Park, the group of monuments at Pattadakal, the rock-cut architecture of the Ajanta Caves, and the architectural legacy of the Chola dynasty exemplified in temples at Thanjavur, Gangaikondacholapuram, and Darasuram. It also provides brief descriptions of the historical and architectural significance of these various cultural and natural sites.
The document discusses several World Heritage Sites located in India that have been inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List. It mentions sites like Kaziranga National Park in Assam, which is home to the largest population of one-horned rhinoceros, and the group of Portuguese-era monuments in Old Goa built between the 16th-18th centuries. It also summarizes various archaeological and historic sites across India like the temples of Hampi, the rock-cut edifices at Ajanta and Ellora, and the royal buildings at Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal.
The Vijayanagar Empire constructed and renovated many Hindu temples between 1336-1650 AD. They built temples in the Dravidian style with stone bases and brick superstructures. Notable features include tall gopuras, large pillared halls, sculptures on pillars, and shrines to Alwars and Nayanmars. The empire is known for temples like the Virupaksha Temple at Hampi, which has a famous ranga mandapa built by Krishnadevaraya. Temple construction progressed through early, middle, and later phases as the empire's influence grew and declined.
The document provides facts about famous landmarks in India, including details about their construction, materials used, and historical significance. It discusses the Taj Mahal such as its construction beginning in 1632 and completion in 1648. It also mentions facts about Qutb Minar which was built from Arabesque material, Jama Masjid constructed in 1656, and Rashtrapati Bhavan formerly known as Viceroy's House. Additionally, it provides information about landmarks like India Gate, Lotus Temple, Red Fort, Golden Temple, Sun Temple, Ajanta Caves, and Mysore Palace.
THIS PRESENTATION IS ABOUT Historical monuments MADE BY D.S.ASHWIN ABOUT MORE THAN 11 MONUMENTS AND A AV FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING ( especially for children please if any suggestion to slideshareashwin@yahoo.com
ENJOY OUR SERVICE
The document discusses the Brihadeeswara Temple located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. The temple was commissioned in 1004 AD by the Tamil emperor Rajaraja Chola I and took nearly three decades to complete. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is notable for its massive granite construction as well as its design which prevents the shadow of the vimana (tower) from falling on the ground at noon. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva and is an architectural marvel demonstrating the achievements of the Chola dynasty.
This document provides a summary of an educational trip that included visits to several locations in India. The trip report covered Chennai, Mamallapuram, Auroville, Pondicherry, and Coorg. Specific sites discussed included Santhome Church in Chennai, the Shore Temple in Mamallapuram, and an overview of the experimental township of Auroville including details about the Matrimandir and Banyan Tree. Historical and architectural details were provided for many of the religious and cultural locations visited.
Students(30 nos) of VI sem B had gone for educational trip to Chennai, Pondicherry, Auroville & Coorg along with 3 faculty members. A brief report of the same highlighting the places visited by them along with its Architectural importance is attached.
Similar to Major landmarks in thiruvananthapuram (20)
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
3. » The Kerala Government Secretariat in Thiruvananthapuram is the seat of
administration of the Government of Kerala, housing important ministries
and bureaucratic offices.
» The Secretariat complex was originally constructed as Durbar Hall for
Travancore Kingdom.
» Over 140 years old, the building's foundation stone was laid by His Highness
Ayilyam Thirunal Rama Varma, the Maharaja of Travancore in 1865 and was
completed in 1869. The original structure was planned to accommodate
Travancore Royal Durbar Hall where the King meet his council of officials on
monthly basis.
» It was designed and built under Barton, the then chief engineer of Travancore
and incorporates elements of Roman and Dutch architecture.
» The construction was supervised by the then Dewan, T. Madhava Rao, whose
statue now stands across the road opposite the building.
» His Highness Chithira Tirunal Bala Rama Varma, the last king of Travancore,
was crowned king in a ceremony held at the Secretariat.
» The Secretariat also housed the Legislative Assembly from 1939 before it
moved to the new building.
5. » Just like Kerala Legislature, the Legislative Assembly building also has a great
historical background.
» The working of Travancore Legislative Assembly began on August 23, 1888
with its inaugural meeting at Diwan's office at Bhakthivilasam Palace which is
the present All India Radio.
» The construction of Legislative Assembly complex began on June 4, 1979
when the President of India Dr. Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy laid the foundation
stone.
» The first stage was the inauguration of Administrative block by Balram Thakar,
Loksabha Speaker of the time.
» Legislative Assembly building, the construction of which started on 11 August
1986, was inaugurated on 22 May 1998 by K.R. Narayanan, Former President
of India.
7. » Raj Bhavan is the official residence of the Governor of Kerala. It is located In
Vellayambalam.
» Built in 1829 as Palace Guest house of Travancore Government Guest, this
heritage structure hosts the present governor of Kerala, Nikhil Kumar.
» The Kerala Raj Bhavan was originally constructed by Royal Government of
Travancore as a guest palace to accommodate state guests and heads of states
while on their official visits to Thiruvananthapuram.
» For a brief period from 1914 to 1918, the palace was used as War Office of
Travancore Army and state armed forces during World War I. During this period,
the palace was also the official residence of General Chief of Staff of Travancore
Army.
» When Kerala was formed in 1957, there were three Raj Bhavan, the Bolgatty
Palace of Ernakulam, Devikulam Palace of Munnar (Summer Palace of Travancore
Maharajas) and Thiruvananthapuram Raj Bhavan. However the Government of
Kerala later decided to do away with former two Raj Bhavans, by converting
Bolgatty Palace into a heritage hotel and Devikulam Palace as Government Guest
House.
» Built in the Kerala traditional style, the Raj Bhavan has are 3 major structures,
with the main building being the oldest and heritage complex. The East
Wing houses Governor's private residence. The West Wing houses residences of
chief officers, guest rooms and a mini-museum. The Chitra Thirunal Hall, located
in West wing, is used for all state ceremonies.
9. » Sree Padmanabhaswamy temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu
located in Thiruvananthapuram, India.
» The shrine is run by a trust headed by the royal family of Travancore.
» Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple gave its name to Kerala’s state capital
Thiruvananthapuram. ‘Thiru’ ‘Anantha’ ‘Puram’ means Sacred Abode of Lord
Anantha Padmanabha.
» The type of architecture used is Dravidian Architecture.
» Padmanabhaswamy temple has been declared as one of the wealthiest
temples in India and with the final estimate of the wealth, it might overtake
the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple—hitherto thought to be the wealthiest
temple—having some 32,000 crore or 320 billion (US$5.9 billion) in gold,
coins and other assets. It is estimated that the value of the monumental
items is close to 1.2 lakh crore or 1.2 trillion (US$22 billion), making it the
richest temple in the world.
11. » A silent spectator to history, Padmatheertham, the sacred pond in front of
Sree Padmanabha Swamy temple, has many tales to tell.
» It is one of the oldest water bodies in the city and is located on the north
western part of the temple.
» This sacred tank was constructed during the Travancore era, with the
incoming water from the Kochar, a tributary of river Killi.
» There was a flushing mechanism as well, with the excess water diverted to
nearby Pathrakkulam and then to Thekkanamkara canal.
» There are many a legend revolving around this temple pond.
13. » East Fort or Kizhakke Kotta, as it is known in Malayalam, is today the heart of
Thiruvananthapuram city. The fort is built around Sree Padmanabhaswamy
temple.
» Its construction works started in the year 1747, during the reign of King
Marthanda Varma and was completed in 1787 when King Kartika Thirunal Dharma
Raja was ruling over the erstwhile kingdom of Travancore.
» The height of the fort is approximately 15 feet and is built in on the plan of Mr.
Thaikkad Vishnunathan Namboothiri, a renowned architect of those days. There
are four main gateways and three sub gateways for the fort.
» The fort is now a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India.
» It is the central bus depot for the city bus services run by the state-run KSRTC.
» It is linked by MG Road to rest of downtown Thiruvananthapuram, and is the
point of diversion to other parts of the city, as well as the famed Kovalam beach.
» The city's Central railway station, as well as the Central Bus Stand (for long
distance buses) are both a few minute walk from East Fort, so are most of
Thiruvananthapuram's cinemas, as well as top cultural venues and shopping
malls.
» East Fort, during the past few decades has transformed itself into one of the
biggest commercial hubs of Trivandrum.
» The 450 meters long street facing East Fort and Padmanabha Swamy temple is the
most expensive stretch of land in Trivandrum.
15. » During the reign of His Highness Chithira Tirunal, the last ruling king of
Travancore, Thiruvananthapuram Municipality which came into existence in
1920 was converted into Corporation on 30th October 1940.
» During that time its headquarters was situated in the MG road, against the
SMV High School.
» With the formation of the Corporation several multipurpose developmental
projects were launched under the leadership of Sir C P Ramaswami Aiyar, who
was the contemporary Dewan.
» The contemporary Chief Minister, Sri Pattom Thanu Pillai laid the foundation
stone of the new Corporation building on 19th March 1962. The
constructional activities were completed in 1966.
» The Ex-Prime minister late Smt. Indira Gandhi inaugurated the building on 3rd
June 1966.
17. » The Napier Museum, one of the prime attractions of Thiruvananthapuram city
had started in 1857 under the initiative of Mr. Allen Brown, the director of
Thiruvananthapuram observatory.
» In 1860, during the reign of Sri Uthram Thirunal, the then monarch of the
erstwhile Travancore dynasty, the new building was inaugurated by Mr. John
Napier, the Governor General of Madras(1866-1872) and the museum was
named after him.
» The architectural masterpiece was designed by Robert Chisholm, the
consulting Architect of the Madras Government and the construction was
completed in 1880. Napier Museum is a landmark in the city with its unique
ornamentation and architectural style with gothic roof and minarets. The Indo-
Saracenic structure also boasts a natural air conditioning system.
» The museum contains the Sri Chitra Art Gallery, which contains works from
Raja Ravi Varma and Nicholas Roerich, as well as examples of Mughal and
Tanjore art.
» The Museum grounds also hold a Zoological garden, which is one of the oldest
in India. This Zoo was established in 1857 and is spread over 55 acres (220,000
square metres) of land.
19. » Located about 800 meters north east of the Napier Museum in the heart of
Trivandrum city, Kanakakunnu Palace is one of the last architectural vestiges
of the colonial era.
» Built during the reign of Travancore king Sree Moolam Thirunal (1885-1924),
the palace served as the main venue for royal banquets.
» Now under the Kerala government’s wing, the palace complex walls-in the
Nishagandhi open-air auditorium and Sooryakanthi auditorium.
» A popular haunt of culture vultures in the city, the auditoriums are the venues
for various cultural meets and programs.
21. » University College, which is a pioneering institution in the higher education
sector of the district, has a history dating back to 1834.
» It was founded during the reign of King Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma to
facilitate educational system in the western model. In 1866, the institution
was upgraded to the status of a college.
» Since then, the college has played a great role in moulding the intellectual
life of many generations and now has grown into one of the biggest in the
state with as many as eighteen departments and research facilities.
24. » Victoria Jubilee Town Hall, popularly known as VJT Hall, is a town hall in
Thiruvananthapuram.
» Built to commemorate the golden jubilee of the coronation of Queen Victoria
in 1896, the VJT Hall was inaugurated by Sree Moolam Thirunal Rama Varma
on January 25, 1896.
» The hall has witnessed many historical events.
» Perhaps the most preferred venue for public functions in the city like
exhibitions and cultural get-togethers, this monument stands tall as a proud
remnant of the colonial era.
26. » State Central Library of Kerala is also known as Trivandrum Public
Library. It is situated at the heart of Thiruvananthapuram city.
» It is the first public library in India.
» The Library was established in the year A.D. 1829 during the reign of
His Highness Sree Swathi Thirunal Maharaja of Travancore.
» The work of starting and organising the Library was entrusted to Col.
Edward Cadogan, then the British Resident who was the grand son of
Sir Hans Sloane, the founder of the British Museum.
» Col. Cadogan was the first president of the Trivandrum Public Library
committee
» This statue of Maha Kavi Ulloor S Parameswara Aiyer (1877-1949) is
located inside the State Central library Compound
28. » Juma Masjid, commonly known as the Palayam Pally of Trivandrum, is the
principal mosque of Trivandrum.
» It is nearly 200 years old.
» Moulavi Jamaludheen Mankada is its Imam.
» The history of the Palayam Mosque at Trivandrum dates back to 1813 AD,
when the British Indian Second Regiment was stationed here.
» It was then constructed as a small mosque. Later, in the 1960s, many
philanthropic businessmen and government officials of Trivandrum took up its
renovation and constructed the present-day Palayam Juma Masjid under the
leadership of the Qazi and Imam Moulavi Sheikh Abul Hassan Ali Noori.
» The Juma Masjid was inaugurated by the president of India Dr. Zakir Hussain in
1967.
» Sheikh Abul Hassan Ali Noori (1921–2011), a freedom fighter, multilingual
scholar was the first Imam of Palayam Juma Masjid.
30. » St.Joseph’s Metropolitan Cathedral, Palayam, Trivandrum, is the Cathedral
Church of the Latin Archdiocese of Trivandrum.
» This 137-year old grand monumental Goethic structure has a moderate
beginning.
» The initial Church was constructed in 1873 as a Parish Church to look after
the spiritual needs of a few Catholic military men and a few Catholic families.
» The very name Palayam has its ethymological meaning a ‘Contonment’ ie,
the Military’s residence.
» On May 4th, 1873 the first Church was blessed by the then Bishop of Quilon
Most Rev.Eldaphonese OCD and Rev.Fr.Emygdius OCD, the Parish Priest.
» The Second phase of extention work in the manner of the Cross was done in
1912 during the tenure of Rev,Fr.Pamcratius OCD. And the final stage of
extention, including the Goethic style imposing front and the bell-tower was
completed in1927 during the time of Rev.Fr.Ildaphonse OCD.
32. » Established in 1857, Connemara market in Palayam is one of the major
shopping hubs of the city.
» It was built during the reign of King Uthram Thirunal Marthanda Varma of
erstwhile Travancore dynasty to supply day-to-day commodities to the army
members.
» The arched gate which leads to the market was inaugurated by Sir
Connemara, Governor of Madras Presidency on his visit to
Thiruvananthapuram in 1888 and the market was named ‘Connemara
market’ in honour of him.
33. H H THE MAHARAJA’S
GOVT. COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN
(Vazhuthacaud)
34. » The Govt. College for Women is the sixth oldest college in Kerala and one
of the oldest women’s colleges in the country.
» It was started as the Sircar Girl’s School, in 1864 by the Royal family of
Travancore.
» In 1897 the Sircar Girl’s School was upgraded as a Second grade college
and re-designated as The Maharaja’s College for Girls and affiliated to the
Madras University.
» In 1920, it was elevated to the status of a First grade college and was
renamed as H.H. The Maharaja’s College for Women.
» Today the College has 22 teaching departments that conduct 16 U.G.
courses and 17 P.G. courses.
» Nine of the departments are identified as research centres by the
University of Kerala.
» Miss Sarah Blunt was the first principal.
36. » Gandhi Park is situated in front of the East Fort, which is famous for
hosting socio-politico gatherings.
» Gandhi Park has been completely remodelled with modern urban
landscaping, and is a popular spot for a relaxing stroll or time-out.
» The Gandhi Park provides a magnificent view of the entrance to the East
Fort which is lit up.
38. » The Vetti Muricha Kotta is a part of the heritage East Fort located to the
south of the iconic gate.
» According to popular belief this fort was named 'Vetti Muricha Kotta',
meaning 'to cut open fort', as a section of the East Fort wall was demolished
to build a new gate.
» . This was done in order to facilitate an alternate entrance for King Vishakam
Thirunal of the Travancore dynasty, who was advised against using the main
gate by an astrologer.
» As of now, this gate is well preserved by the State's Archaeological
Department and provides room for guards on either side.
41. » AKG Centre is the Headquarters of communist party of India
(Marxist) CPI (M).
» AKG stands for A K Gopalan, who was one of the leaders who
founded the communist party.
» He was the opposition party leader of the Parliament and was
known as the people’s leader.
» State Secretary: Mr Pinaray Vijayan
» Leaders: Sri V S Achudanandan (Ex-Chief minister of Kerala), Sri
Kodiyeri Balakrishanan