The document discusses the earth's magnetic field and how it protects the planet. It describes how the earth's magnetic field deflects charged particles from the sun's wind away from earth, protecting life and infrastructure. These particles enter the magnetic field at the poles, where the field is strongest, and collide with gas molecules, ionizing them and causing them to emit light in the form of the auroras.

2. An area around a magnet in which a
ferromagnetic substance will experience
a force
• Electrons in atoms are constantly moving
around the nucleus of the atom
• Moving charges cause a magnetic filed that is
perpendicular to the direction of motion
• Indicated by magnetic field lines

3. • Atoms with magnetic fields in the same direction collect
in the same regions
• Are called magnetic domains
• When ferromagnetic substances enter a magnetic field,
the domains align themselves with the magnetic field of
the magnet
• In non-magnetic substances, atoms are arranged
randomly
• Magnetic fields cancel each other out

4. • Has a North pole and a South pole
• Direction of magnetic field: North to South
• Magnetic field lines do not cross
• Magnetic field lines do not touch
• Density of fileldlines indicate strength of the
magnetic filed

5. Opposite poles attract each other

6. Like poles repel each other
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Geen Magneetveld

8. • Geographic poles: Determined by
geographic position as the areas that do not
experience sunsets
• Magnetic Poles:
• Determined by earths magnetic field
• Deviate from geographic poles – magnetic
declination
• Magnetic north is classified as the pole to
which the north pole of a bar magnet will
point
• Is therefore actually a south pole

9. • Sun emits charged particles
toward the earth – is called sun
wind
• Sun wind is dangerous for life
and can damage infrastructure
on earth
• Earth’s magnetic field deflects
most of the particles away from
the earth
• Protects the earth against sun
wind

10. • Particles from sun wind that
enter earths magnetic filed
collects at the poles where
magnetic field is the strongest
• Particles collide with gas
molecules in earths
atmosphere
• Ionises these molecules
• Molecules emit this energy in
the form of light and cause the
Aurorae