Download Complete Material - https://www.instamojo.com/prashanth_ns/
This Java Mobile Application Development Using J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition) contains 12 Units and each unit contains 50 to 60 slides in it.
Contents…
• Identify the types of wireless technologies
• Identify the need for J2ME
• Identify the goals and characteristics of JTWI specification
• Identify the MIDlet development lifecycle
• Execute a MIDlet by using NetBeans
• Explain the profiles and configurations in J2ME technology
• Manage MIDlet suite and its packaging
• Develop, package, and run MIDlet suites by using NetBeans
• Describe MIDP User Interface components and their hierarchy
• Work with Screen and its elements
• Create UI using high-level UI APIs
• Create a mail application UI that implements high-level APIs
• Create User Interfaces (UIs) using low-level UI APIs
• Manage a wallpaper from a mobile device
• Implement persistent storage in MIDlets
• Develop a personal expense manager application
• Establish network connection by using the GCF
• Implement classes and interfaces in javax.microedition.io package
• Develop a new application that displayed on the mobile device as a ticker
• Implement MIDlet security
• Develop a banking application
• Identify MMAPI packages and its components
• Play sounds and videos by using the MMAPI package
• Develop a jukebox application
• Identify the basics of WMA
• Create, send, and receive SMS messages by using WMA
• Demonstrate the use of SMS in NetBeans
• Analyze and implement classes in the MIDP Game API
• Develop a Tic Tac Toe game by using the Game API
• Deploy MIDlets through the local machine and Web server
• Explore the push registry
Download Complete Material - https://www.instamojo.com/prashanth_ns/
This Java Mobile Application Development Using J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition) contains 12 Units and each unit contains 50 to 60 slides in it.
Contents…
• Identify the types of wireless technologies
• Identify the need for J2ME
• Identify the goals and characteristics of JTWI specification
• Identify the MIDlet development lifecycle
• Execute a MIDlet by using NetBeans
• Explain the profiles and configurations in J2ME technology
• Manage MIDlet suite and its packaging
• Develop, package, and run MIDlet suites by using NetBeans
• Describe MIDP User Interface components and their hierarchy
• Work with Screen and its elements
• Create UI using high-level UI APIs
• Create a mail application UI that implements high-level APIs
• Create User Interfaces (UIs) using low-level UI APIs
• Manage a wallpaper from a mobile device
• Implement persistent storage in MIDlets
• Develop a personal expense manager application
• Establish network connection by using the GCF
• Implement classes and interfaces in javax.microedition.io package
• Develop a new application that displayed on the mobile device as a ticker
• Implement MIDlet security
• Develop a banking application
• Identify MMAPI packages and its components
• Play sounds and videos by using the MMAPI package
• Develop a jukebox application
• Identify the basics of WMA
• Create, send, and receive SMS messages by using WMA
• Demonstrate the use of SMS in NetBeans
• Analyze and implement classes in the MIDP Game API
• Develop a Tic Tac Toe game by using the Game API
• Deploy MIDlets through the local machine and Web server
• Explore the push registry
Introduction to Mobile Application DevelopmentSenthil Kanth
Introduction to Mobile Application Development
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Network Structure,
The WAP Gateway plays an important role,
WAP Programming Model,
WML Example,
Java Platform,
Java 2 Platform,
Virtual Machines and horizontal and vertical APIs specified in configurations and Profiles,
Configurations
Introduction to Mobile Application DevelopmentSenthil Kanth
Introduction to Mobile Application Development
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Network Structure,
The WAP Gateway plays an important role,
WAP Programming Model,
WML Example,
Java Platform,
Java 2 Platform,
Virtual Machines and horizontal and vertical APIs specified in configurations and Profiles,
Configurations
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Networks. This is a book for Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
&
DSR: The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. November 2011,
Authors : Giorgos Papadakis & Manolis Surligas
Wireless Communication and Networking by WilliamStallings Chap2Senthil Kanth
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it.
Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings Chapter : 2Transmission Fundamentals
Chapter 2
Electromagnetic Signal
Function of time
Can also be expressed as a function of frequency
Signal consists of components of different frequencies
Time-Domain Concepts
Analog signal - signal intensity varies in a smooth fashion over time
No breaks or discontinuities in the signal
Digital signal - signal intensity maintains a constant level for some period of time and then changes to another constant level
Periodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that repeats over time
s(t +T ) = s(t ) -¥< t < +¥
where T is the period of the signal
Time-Domain Concepts
Aperiodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that doesn't repeat over time
Peak amplitude (A) - maximum value or strength of the signal over time; typically measured in volts
Frequency (f )
Rate, in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz) at which the signal repeats
Time-Domain Concepts
Period (T ) - amount of time it takes for one repetition of the signal
T = 1/f
Phase () - measure of the relative position in time within a single period of a signal
Wavelength () - distance occupied by a single cycle of the signal
Or, the distance between two points of corresponding phase of two consecutive cycles
Sine Wave Parameters
General sine wave
s(t ) = A sin(2ft + )
Figure 2.3 shows the effect of varying each of the three parameters
(a) A = 1, f = 1 Hz, = 0; thus T = 1s
(b) Reduced peak amplitude; A=0.5
(c) Increased frequency; f = 2, thus T = ½
(d) Phase shift; = /4 radians (45 degrees)
note: 2 radians = 360° = 1 period
Sine Wave Parameters
Time vs. Distance
When the horizontal axis is time, as in Figure 2.3, graphs display the value of a signal at a given point in space as a function of time
With the horizontal axis in space, graphs display the value of a signal at a given point in time as a function of distance
At a particular instant of time, the intensity of the signal varies as a function of distance from the source
Frequency-Domain Concepts
Fundamental frequency - when all frequency components of a signal are integer multiples of one frequency, it’s referred to as the fundamental frequency
Spectrum - range of frequencies that a signal contains
Absolute bandwidth - width of the spectrum of a signal
Effective bandwidth (or just bandwidth) - narrow band of frequencies that most of the signal’s energy is contained in
Frequency-Domain Concepts
Any electromagnetic signal can be shown to consist of a collection of periodic analog signals (sine waves) at different amplitudes, frequencies, and phases
The period of the total signal is equal to the period of the fundamenta
wireless communication and networking Chapter 1Senthil Kanth
wireless communication and networking by WilliamStallings
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it.
This presentation agenda like,,
Introduction
Chapter 1: Wireless Comes of Age
Chapter 2: Transmission Fundamentals
Chapter 3: Communication Networks
Chapter 4: Protocols and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Chapter 5: Antennas and Propagation
Chapter 6: Signal Encoding Techniques
Chapter 7: Spread Spectrum
Chapter 8: Coding and Error Control
Chapter 9: Satellite Communications
Chapter 10: Cellular Wireless Networks
Chapter 11: Cordless Systems and Wireless Local Loop
Chapter 12: Mobile IP and Wireless Access Protocol
Chapter 13: Wireless LAN Technology
Chapter 14: IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Standard
Chapter 15: Bluetooth
Cloud computing and Integration consists of hardware and software resources made available on the Internet as managed third-party services, in a pay-per-use model , offering scalability and close alignment to actual demand.
If you want the full transcipt then send me email: solidus.asadov@gmail.com
In 90s we needed an environment which is adapted for
constrained devices – devices that had limitations on what they
can do when compared to standard desktop or server
computers. The constrained devices had such limitations as
extremely limited memory, small screen sizes, alternative input
methods, slow processors etc. In 1999 Sun Microsystems
Company has decided to develop a special edition of Java
called Java 2 Micro Edition.
Mobile Device Operating Systems – Special Constrains & Requirements – Commercial Mobile Operating Systems – Software Development Kit: iOS, Android, BlackBerry, Windows Phone – M-Commerce – Structure – Pros & Cons – Mobile Payment System – Security Issues.
UNIT V MOBILE PLATFORMS AND APPLICATIONS
Mobile Device Operating Systems – Special Constrains & Requirements – Commercial Mobile Operating Systems – Software Development Kit: iOS, Android, BlackBerry, Windows Phone – M-Commerce – Structure – Pros & Cons – Mobile Payment System – Security Issues.
Christchurch Embedded .NET User Group - Introduction to Microsoft Embedded pl...christopherfairbairn
Part 1 of the first session of the newly formed Christchurch Embedded .NET User Group.
Introduces the range of embedded platforms and technologies offered by Microsoft. Covers the .NET Micro and Compact Frameworks as well as operating systems such as Windows Embedded CE and Windows Mobile.
Presented by Andrew Leckie, Bryn Lewis and myself.
The evolving technology of the modern age has made it necessary to control the existing technologies efficiently and comfortably. The consumers expect the development of products that are easy to use and are efficient and which can be bought at the lowest possible cost from the industry. The daily difficulties related to lighting automation faced by people ranging from industry professionals to modern day housewives have inspired this project.
The project aims at controlling lighting appliances ranging from industries to sub-urban homes using web-based application at the front end complemented by an end user application developed for the aimed location using ZigBee based network. The other networking technologies like Bluetooth and WiFi consume a lot more energy as compared to ZigBee and are costlier too. The project facilitates controlling lighting appliances in groups as well as individually. The color and density of the lights can also be changed. The quick access feature is provided by the predefined end-user definable presets. The other features include scheduling options, obtaining live feedback, receiving notifications and maintenance pop-ups, bill estimation, power consumption etc.
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called WML for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it. WML Script by Shanti katta.
This presentation agenda like,
WAP- Wireless Application Protocol
by
Team 11 Presenters:
Suma Pramod Connie Barbosa
Niti Pandey Patrick Cunning
Olga Pavlenko
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Introduction,
WAP architecture requirements,
Architecture overview,
World-wide web model,
WAP model,
Components of WAP architecture,
Sample Configuration of WAP technology,
Usage, Advantages & Disadvantages of WAP,
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP),
Wireless Markup Language (WML),
Generating WML with XSLT,
WAP Emulator.
Presentation on WAP Keerti Sharma
This ppt contains the topic like,,
What is WAP ?
Limitations of Internet for wireless applications
WAP Architecture / protocol stack
WAP Components / WML
WAP brings Internet to hand-held devices
Conclusion
Introduction to wireless application protocol (wap)ogiSenthil Kanth
Introduction to wireless application protocol (wap)ogi Presented by
Dragomanov Andon
Paunovski Ognen
This ppt contains the topic like,,
What is WAP?
Development and Objectives
WAP Concept
WAP 1.0 Architecture
WAP 2.0 Architecture
WAP 2.0 Features
WML
Real Life Examples
Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks have to
face the challenge of frequently changing topology, low
transmission power and asymmetric links. Both
proactive and reactive routing protocols prove to be
inefficient under these circumstances. The Zone Routing
Protocol (ZRP) combines the advantages of the proactive
and reactive approaches by maintaining an up-to-date
topological map of a zone centered on each node. Within
the zone, routes are immediately available. For
destinations outside the zone, ZRP employs a route
discovery procedure, which can benefit from the local
routing information of the zones.
On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol.
This paper presents a novel multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc wireless networks. The protocol, termed ODMRP (On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol), is a mesh-based, rather than a conventional tree- based, multicast scheme and uses a forwarding group concept (only a sub- set of nodes forwards the multicast packets via scoped flooding). It applies on-demand procedures to dynamically build routes and maintain multicast group membership. ODMRP is well suited for ad hoc wireless networks with mobile hosts where bandwidth is limited, topology changes frequently, and power is constrained. We evaluate ODMRP’s scalability and performance via simulation.
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. Workshop on
Mobile Services and Android Applications
MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
S. Amirtharaj
2. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
- Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME)
- Wireless Markup Language (WML)
- Compact HyperText Markup Language (cHTML)
- eXtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML)
4. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
JavaTM 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME)
What is J2ME?
The JavaTM 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME) is the Java platform for
consumer and embedded devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, TV set-top
boxes, in-vehicle telematics systems, and a broad range of embedded
devices.
Like its enterprise (J2EE) and desktop (J2SE) and smart card counterparts, the
J2ME platform is a set of standard Java APIs defined through the Java
Community ProcessSM by expert groups that include leading device
manufactures, software vendors and service providers.
What J2ME provide you?
1. It delivers the power and benefits of Java technology tailored for consumer
and embedded devices (a flexible user interface, robust security model,
broad range of built-in network protocols)
2. It supports for networked and disconnected applications.
3. It allows you to write applications once, and download them dynamically
and leverage each device’s native capabilities.
5. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME Architecture
Optional Packages
Personal Profile
Personal
Basis Profile
Foundation Profile
Connected Device
Configuration (CDC)
JVM
Mobile Phones &
Entry-level PDAs
Optional Packages
MDP
Connected Limited
Device Configuration
(CLDC)
KVM
High-end PDAs
TV set-top boxes
Embedded devices
6. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME Architecture
J2ME architecture defines configurations, profiles, and optional packages as
elements for building complete Java runtime environments
Meet the requirements for a broad range of devices and target markets.
Each combination is optimized for the memory, processing power, and I/O
capabilities of a related category of devices.
The result is a common Java platform that fully leverages each type of device to
deliver a rich user experience.
Three types of basic elements:
Profiles – provide a complete runtime environment targeted at a specific device categories.
Configurations – provide the base functionality for a particular range of similar devices.
Optional packages – provide a base for further extension based on related setting.
7. J2ME CLDC & CDC
Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC):
- CLDC is the smaller of the two configurations.
- It is designed for devices with intermittent network connections, slow
processors and limited memory. Typical examples:
- Mobile phones Two-way pagers PDAs,
- These devices typically have either 16-bit or 32-bit CPUs, and a
minimum of 128 KB to 512 KB of memory for the Java platform
implementation and associated applications.
Connected Device Configuration (CDC):
- CDC is designed for devices that have more memory, faster processors,
and greater network bandwidth, such as
- TV set-top boxes, residential gateways, two-way pagers, POS terminals
- in-vehicle telematics systems, and high-end PDAs….
CDC includes a full-featured java virtual machine (JVM), and a much
larger subset if the J2SE platform than CLDC.
- Most CDC-targeted devices have 32-bit CPUs and a minimum of 2MB of
memory.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
8. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME CDC
Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) Key Features:
- Easily implemented by consumer electronics and embedded device
manufactures.
- Comes with a JavaTM virtual machine (JVM), class library, APIS, and
Foundation Profile.
- Standardized by the Java Community ProcessTM program for devices with 2MB
or more memory.
- Devices currently using the Personal JavaTM application environment can be
ported to CDC.
- CDC VM is built with the same specification as the Java 2 platform, standard
edition (J2SETM) virtual machine.
- Available today as a free download.
- The CDC is a class library with a minimal set of APIs from J2SETM, including
java.lang – VM system classes java.util – underlying java utilities
java.io – java File I/O java,.net – UDP datagram and File I/O
java.text – bare minimal support for error messages
java.security – minimal fine-grain security and encryption for object serialization
9. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME Profiles
J2ME Profiles:
Provide a complete runtime environment targeted at specific device categories,
configurations.
A) Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP):
-It is designed for mobile phones and entry-level PDAs.
-It offers the core application functionality required by mobile applications,
including a) user interface, b) network connectivity
c) local data storage, d) application management
B) Foundation Profile (FP):
- CDC profiles are layered so that profiles can be added as needed to provide
application functionality for different types of devices.
- It is the lowest level of profile for CDC.
- It provides a network-capable implementation of CDC that can be used for
deeply embedded implementations without a user interface.
- It can also be combined with Personal Basis Profile and Personal Profile for
devices that require a graphic user interface (GUI).
10. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME Profiles
C) Personal Profile (PP):
- PP is the CDC profile aimed at devices that require full GUI or Internet
applet support, such as high-lend PDAs, communicator-type devices, and
game consoles
- It includes the full Java Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) libraries and offers
Web fidelity, easily running Web-based applets designed for use in desktop
environment.
- It replaces Personal JavaTM technology and provides Personal Java
applications through J2ME platform.
D) Personal Basis Profile (PBP):
- PBP is a subset of PP.
- It provides an application environment for network connected devices that
support a basic level of graphic presentation or require the use of specialized
graphical toolkits for specific applications.
-Typical device examples are: TV set-top boxes, in-vehicle telematics systems,
-And information kiosks.
-Both PP and PBP are layered on top of CDC and FP.
11. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME Optional Packages
Optional Packages:
- PP is the CDC profile aimed at devices that require full GUI or Internet
applet support, such as high-lend PDAs, communicator-type devices, and
game consoles
- It includes the full Java Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) libraries and offers
Web fidelity, easily running Web-based applets designed for use in desktop
environment.
- It replaces Personal JavaTM technology and provides Personal Java
applications through J2ME platform.
12. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
J2ME – MIDP Architecture
Optional Packages
Game User Interface Media
Application Management
End-to-End Security
CLDC
KVM
Local Data
Storage
Push
Registry Connectivity OTA
Provisioning
MIDP
13. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
The MIDP combined with CLDC, is the javaTM runtime environment for today’s
mobile information devices such as phones and entry level PDAs.
- MIDP is defined by through the Java Community ProcessSM program
- MIDP defines a platform for dynamically and securely delivering highly
graphical, networked applications to mobile information devices.
- MIDP provides the core application functionality required by mobile
applications as a standardized java runtime environment and set of java APIs.
- Using MIDP, developers can write applications once that are optimized for
today’s mobile information devices.
Deployment Status:
- It has been widely adopted as the platform of choice for mobile applications.
- It is deployed globally on millions of mobile phones and PDA, supported by
leading Java technology integrated development environment (IDE).
14. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
MIDP is designed for mobile users:
- Allow them to write networked applications for mobile devices.
- These mobile applications can be download dynamically and run on the
mobile devices.
- They can be easily updated and removed by the end user.
Mobile user interface support based on a high-level user interface API.
This helps developers to build easy to use, highly graphical and portable
applications optimized for mobile information devices.
MIDP user interface functionality includes:
- Pre-defined screens for displaying and selecting lists, editing text, popping up
alert dialogs, and adding scrolling tickers.
- Each form (or screen) can include any no. of predefined items – images,
ready-only text fields, editable text fields, editable date and time fields, charts,
and choice groups as well as any custom items added by developers
- All screens and items are device-aware with built-in support for the native
display size, input and navigation capabilities. portable and flexible.
15. Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
Multimedia and Game Functionality
MIDP is ideal for building portable games and multimedia applications.
- A lower level user interface API provides developers great control of graphics
and inputs when they need it.
- A game API adds game-specific functionality, such as sprites and tiled layers
that takes advantage of native device graphics capabilities.
- Built-in audio provides support for tones, tone sequences and WAV files.
- Mobile Media API (MMAPI) can be used as an optional package for MIDP to
add video and other rich multimedia content.
Over-the-Air Provisioning
- The MIDP specification defines how MIDP applications are discovered,
installed, updated and removed on mobile information devices.
- The MIDP also enables a service provider to identify which MIDP
applications will work on a given device.
- Its OTA Provisioning model has been defines to delivery a reliable, secure
provisioning solution.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
16. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
Extensive Connectivity enable developers to fully leverage the native data
network and messaging capabilities of mobile information devices.
- It supports leading connectivity standards:
HTTP, HTTPS, datagram, sockets, server sockets, and serial port comm.
It also supports the Short Message Service (SMS0 and Cell Broadcast Service
(CBS) capabilities of GSM and CDMA network through the Wireless
Messaging API (WMA) optional package.
- It supports a server push model. A push registry keeps track of applications
registered to receive inbound information from the network.
When information arrives, the device decides if to start the application based
on user preference.
The push architecture enables developers to include alerts, messaging and
broadcasts in MIDP applications, and leverage the event-driven
capabilities of devices and carrier network.
17. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
End-to-End security based on a robust security model (with open standards) to
protect the network, applications and mobile information devices.
- The use of HTTPS leverages existing standards such as SSL and WTLS to
enable the transmission of encrypted data.
- By default MIDP applications are not trusted, and are assigned to untrusted
domains that prevent access to any privileged functionality.
- To gain privileged access, a MIDP application must be assign to a specific
domains that are defined on the mobile device, and are properly signed using
the X.509 PKI security standard, installed and granted associated permissions.
It must be successfully authenticated.
19. An Overview of cHTML Markup Language
What is the Compact Markup Language (cHTML)?
• Similar to WML and XHTML, cHTML is another thin markup language.
• It is a well-defined subset of the HTML(2.0, 3.2, and 4.0) specifications.
• It can be viewed as a content description language to generate pages for
iMode devices.
Objective of cHTML:
1. It was designed for small information appliances, such as smart phones,
communicators, and PDAs.
2. Its development was initiated by the W3C as an alternative development of
the trend of HTML expanding towards to support for a richer multimedia
document format.
History of cHTML:
• It was submitted as a Note to the W3C in 1998, and is available discussion
purpose only.
• The 3WC has not endorsed cHTML, nor made any contribution to the
language in anyway.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
20. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of cHTML Markup Language
The creators of cHTML have taken the following requirements into account:
• Hardware restrictions of the devices, including limited memory, low power
central processing unit (CPU), and small displays.
• The navigation restrictions of the device: Moving between sets of
information has to be possible with a minimum no. of operations.
• Wireless network agnostic: the markup language does not depend on the
underlying wireless protocol being used.
The design of cHTML is based on four main principles:
• It is completely based on current HTML W3C recommendations.
• It is a light specification, allowing it to run on mobile devices.
• It can be viewed on a mono-screen display.
• It is easy for users to operate.
cHTML is one of the most popular subset of HTML. Its popularity is based
largely on the fact that cHTML is the markup language used by the
phenomenally successful i-Mode services from NTTDoCoMo in Japan.
21. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of cHTML Markup Language
Major features of Compact Markup Language (cHTML):
To accomplish the goals of the cHTML, certain features of HTML have to be
excluded. The typical examples are:
• Support for frames and tables
• JPEG image support, image maps
• Multiple-character fonts and styles
• Background color and images
• Style sheets
Basic hardware requirements of cHTML-based mobile devices:
• Small memory: i.e.128-512Kbytes RAM, and 512K-1Mbytes ROM
• Low power CPU: i.e. 1-10 MIPS class CPU for embedded systems
• Small display: i.e. 50x30 dots, 100x72 dots, and 150x100 dots
• Restricted colors: i.e. mono-color (black and white)
• Restricted character fonts: i.e. only single font
• Restricted input method: several control buttons and number buttons
22. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of cHTML Markup Language
Major benefits of cHTML:
• cHTML-based websites also can be accessed by Web users through regular
internet accesses.
• It provides a simple way for mobile devices users to access the Internet.
• I-mode-compatible HTML websites are easy to navigate, since all basic
operations can be performed using a combination of four buttons: Cursor
forward, Cursor backward, Select, and Back (Return to previous page). Most
phone browsers also provide a "Page Forward" button.
Issues of cHTML:
o Standard issue: It is not standard so it is a transition technology.
o Original version of cHTML does not support scripting. Later Sun
Microsystems and DoCoMo are working together to add on.
o Not XML-based sloppy programming in cHTML.
Now cHTML is being replaced by XHTML in the i-Mode service
XHTML becomes the language of wireless Internet.
24. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of XHTML (http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/)
What is XHTML?
• XHTML stands for the eXtensible HyperText Markup Language.
• “XHTML” is not just refer to a language, but a name of a family of document types
which collectively form this markup language.
• XHTML is an XML-compliant version of HTML 4.
• XHTML is the direction in which wireless markup language are moving.
• XHTML 1.0 became an official W3C recommendation in early 2000, making it a Web
standard. It is almost identical to HTML 4.01 with a few rules added for XML
compliancy.
The Need for XHTML:
• There are many ways to express and present information using markup
languages. In XML, it is relatively easy to introduce new elements or
additional element attributes. XHTML is designed to provide a standard
means for developers and users to accommodate these extensions.
• Alternative ways of accessing the Internet are constantly being introduced.
The XHTML family is designed with general user agent interoperability in
mind.
25. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of XHTML
Why XHTML?
- Current desktop web browsers allow for very poorly formatted HTML Web
pages making it difficult to have cross-platform, or even cross-browser,
compatibility.
- Although poor programmed HTML pages work ok on browsers on desktops, it
causes a lot of problems in working with mobile browsers on mobile devices
(such as PDAs, mobile phones) due to their limited computing power and
resources.
This is where XML comes into play because:
• XML requires all code to be programmed correctly, making the job of the
interpreter (or the browser) much easier.
• XML is a language of describing data, and HTML is a language of
presenting data. When combing them together, the result is a markup
language that can be used now and is adaptable to future change.
26. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of XHTML
Next Step of XHTML:
• In the not-too-distant future, XHTML is intended to be a replacement for
HTML. Most of new desktop Web browsers will support XHTML
natively, resulting in a higher level of compatibility among browsers.
• W3C has defined “XHTML Basic” as a new standard for compact
transmission of markup to wireless and mobile devices.
• With support from both the Open Mobile Alliance and W3C, XHTML
Basic is assured to have widespread acceptance now and in the future.
27. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of XHTML
How XHTML differs from HTML?
Most important differences :
• XML requires all code to be programmed correctly, making the job of the
interpreter (or the browser) much easier.
• XHTML documents must be well-formed because XHTML is XML-based
documents must conform to XML syntax rules.
• XHTML elements must be properly nested.
• Tags and attributes must be lowercase.
• ALL (XHTML element) must be closed.
• All attribute values must be enclosed in quotation marks.
• A DOCTYPE declaration is required.
The major advantage of XHTML over HTML are:
• Easily to take advantage of new coding techniques
• Solve the problems with the earlier versions have been fixed
• Good extensibility: XML-based data description capability
• Good portability: deal with different browsers on mobile devices
28. An Overview of XHTML
What is XHTML Basic?
• XHTML Basic is a W3C recommendation and a basic version of XHTML
created specifically for mobile devices.
• XHTML Basic (document type) includes the minimal set of modules
required to be an XHTML host language document type including the use of
images, forms, basic tables, and object support. XHTML Basic defines a
document type that is rich enough for advanced content authoring yet can be
used across a variety of clients, including desktops, PDAs, TV, and mobile
phones.
• XHTML Basic is a subset of XHTML that removes a number of features—
scripts, events, frames, and many text and font presentation directives.
• XHTML appears to be positioned to supercede WML, and perhaps provide
the common ground between i-mode and WML.
• XHTML Basic could be designed to be compatible with WML, although it's
not clear if or when this will happen.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
29. An Overview of XHTML
What is XHTML-MP?
XHTML Mobile Profile 1.0 is the official mark-up language of WAP 2.0 created
by the Open Mobile Alliance (OWA) (formerly the WAPForum).
The goal is to converge the mark-up language for wireless devices with one used
for World Wide Web.
XHTML-MP is a superset of XHTML Basic.
XHTML-MP takes advantages of XHTML modularization and is very extensible
permitting the addition of new elements as required.
Documents based on the Basic Profile of XHTML will be completely operable in
XHTML-MP browsers.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
30. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
History of Wireless Mark-up Languages
Openwave
Ericsson
Nokia
Netscape/AOL
Microsoft
NTT(DoCoMo)
1997 1999 2001
HDML
ITTP
TTML
WML
HTML
XHTML, CSS
cHTML
32. An Overview of WML
What is the Wireless Markup Language (WML)?
• The WML is a part of Wireless Application Environment (WAE) as defined
in the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP).
• Unlike HDML, WML is based on XML, making the syntax requirements
somewhat stricter
• Using WML, we can develop wireless internet applications run on a mobile
browser on mobile devices
WML has been influenced by a number of languages, such as HTML, HDML
(Handheld Device Markup Language), XML, and an emerging document
structure language.
- From HTML, WML designers learned its syntax.
- From HDML, WML designers learned its application model -> which is
focus on the support of interactive operations between a browser and a
user.
- From XML, WML designers makes it XML-compliant to gain the power of
describing data and information.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
33. An Overview of WML
Objectives:
• WML is targeted directly at mobile information devices such as
cellular phones, PDAs, two-way pagers, and smart phones.
• WML is designed to address to the limitations and connectivity
requirements of lightweight, wireless devices in memory, data inputs,
display screen, and computing power.
History of WML:
• WML is a successor of HDML, developed by Openwave, Nokia, Motorola,
and others as represented by the WAP Forum (now the Open Mobile
Alliance) since 1999.
• WML is defined as a part of the WAP standard, and gone through a
number of releases, such as WML 1.1, 1.2, 1.2.1, 1.3, and so on.
Until now, WML gas generated tremendous support throughout the wireless
industry. It has a wide scale of deployment throughout Europe, North
America, South America, and parts of Asia.
Most of the handsets being shipped in these regions support WAP and include
WML browsers.
Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
34. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of WML
Major WML Features:
• A WML document is called a deck (similar to a HTML page).
• Each deck includes a number of cards which contains content for viewers
and instructions to the WML browser.
• Each card may include
(A) user interface elements:
text, pictures, list of choices, text field places for inputs.
(B) Actions that define what happens next for event, links,..
Event bindings – link events (such a key) to a task.
(C) External elements, such as references to pictures and scripts.
• Each WML document must consists of the followings:
• (A) Markup elements with attributes, tags,
• (B) Comments
• (C) WMLScripts
• (D) Variables – allows you to alter your content dynamically.
• (E) Images
• (F) Simple Tables
• (G) Links
• (H) Events, Tasks, and Bindings
35. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of WML
A WML event is some occurrence of interest that can be recognized by the
browser.
Types of events: a) intrinsic events and b) user-initiated events
• Intrinsic events are triggered by WML elements, for example, a card can
trigger an event when the browser “enters” it.
• User-initiated events are triggered by direct action of the users, such as the
selection of an item from a menu.
A task is an activity that the browser can perform.
When the browser detects the occurrence of an event that has an associated task,
it executes the corresponding tasks.
There are for types of WML tasks:
• The go and prev tasks, direct the browser to navigate to another card.
• The go task initiates “forward” navigation to a new URL.
• The prev task instructs the browser to return to the previous location popped
from the history stack.
• The refresh task causes the browser to redisplay the current card.
• The noop task tells the browser to do nothing.
36. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of WML
Linking Events to Tasks:
WML allow you to define handlers for them using the onevent and doelements,
respectively.
Intrinsic Event Types:
• Onenterforward – occurs when a card is entered as a result of forward
navigation.
• Onenterbackward – occurs when a card is entered as a result of backward
navigation.
• Ontimer – Occurs when a timer expires.
• Onpick – Occurs when a user selects or deselects an option in a list.
Since WML is XML-based, it has to adhere to the rules of XML.
Major differences between HDML and WML:
• All WML elements must be closed.
• WML elements must be properly nested.
• WML documents must be well-formed.
• WML tag names must be lowercase
37. Topic: MOBILE APPs DEVELOPMENT PLATFORMS
An Overview of WML
What is WMLScript:
• WMScript provides a way to add more advanced capabilities to WML
applications. Just as JavaScript of VBScript may be used in conjunction with
HTML.
• WMLScript is used with WML to provide client-side logic.
The following are some of the most common uses of WMLScript for WAP
applications.
• Validation of user input
• Access device facilities, such as adding numbers to an address book
• Creation of dialogs and messages, avoiding round-trips to the sever
Within your WMLScript pages, you can
• Create both For and While loops
• Create functions, and libraries of functions
• Display dialog boxes
• Have advanced interaction with the microbrowser
Make sure both microbrowser and the WAP gateway have WMLScript support.