Introduction to wireless application protocol (wap)ogi Presented by
Dragomanov Andon
Paunovski Ognen
This ppt contains the topic like,,
What is WAP?
Development and Objectives
WAP Concept
WAP 1.0 Architecture
WAP 2.0 Architecture
WAP 2.0 Features
WML
Real Life Examples
Presentation on WAP Keerti Sharma
This ppt contains the topic like,,
What is WAP ?
Limitations of Internet for wireless applications
WAP Architecture / protocol stack
WAP Components / WML
WAP brings Internet to hand-held devices
Conclusion
Presentation on WAP Keerti Sharma
This ppt contains the topic like,,
What is WAP ?
Limitations of Internet for wireless applications
WAP Architecture / protocol stack
WAP Components / WML
WAP brings Internet to hand-held devices
Conclusion
WAP- Wireless Application Protocol
by
Team 11 Presenters:
Suma Pramod Connie Barbosa
Niti Pandey Patrick Cunning
Olga Pavlenko
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Introduction,
WAP architecture requirements,
Architecture overview,
World-wide web model,
WAP model,
Components of WAP architecture,
Sample Configuration of WAP technology,
Usage, Advantages & Disadvantages of WAP,
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP),
Wireless Markup Language (WML),
Generating WML with XSLT,
WAP Emulator.
Dynamic Data Offloading : Connect Intelligently With ANDSFGreen Packet
The arrival of varied smartphones and devices has inevitably encouraged greater data consumption.
Users are now more sophisticated and demand nothing less than best network performance. Smartphone generally accounts for higher ARPU and represents potential new revenue streams for enabling quad play services. Operators are aggressively addressing these challenges and improving the quality of their solution to retain existing customers and offering better service experience to build loyalty.
WiFi adoption as data offloading is gaining momentum as it improves user experience while lowering the cost of service providers. Correctly implemented, it can ease up to 20% of traffic with substantial impact of freeing up the spectrum and load balancing. Offloading data to WiFi hotspots is economically attractive, because many carriers already operate a substantial number of hotspots.
In this paper, we will examine how dynamic data offloading can be further optimized with 3GPP based Access Network Discovery Selection Function (ANDSF). ANDSF describes how the inter-system mobility between 3GPP systems and non-3GPP systems (ie: WLAN, WiMAX, CDMA) policies and priorities can control the conditions for which a device (UE) connects to which wireless network.
Internet of Things requires communication to devices that are either actuators or sensors. Each actuator and sensor has an identity. Each actuator and sensor may be either directly connected to the world wide web or indirectly connected via a type of gateway.
Communication to these devices needs to be reliable. Therefore each device may implement their most suitable communication protocol.
This deck describes the main common protocols and their usage for the Internet of Things
Charles Gibbons
apicrazy.com
This is a technical presentation describing two protocols namely MQTT and CoAP for IoT communications. This explains the protocols in conjunction with OSI layers.
Fighting against DDoS specially with volumetric attack is always challenging for an ISP or transit provider. There isn't any single solution which help us to filter out bad traffic; it's require collaboration with upstream and related organization. Beside this fining out the target is also time consuming; where most the the provider struggles. In this presentation I talk about my experience implementing few community based effort which help me to better fight against volumetric DDoS attack.
For more discussion on mobile data offload or Wi-Fi access networks, please visit: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns673/networking_solutions_solution_category.html.
An introduction to 5G technology through the evolution of mobile networks: from 1G to 5G. The presentation provides basic information about each generation of mobile network: features, limitations, basic radio technologies and algorithms behind each generation.
WAP- Wireless Application Protocol
by
Team 11 Presenters:
Suma Pramod Connie Barbosa
Niti Pandey Patrick Cunning
Olga Pavlenko
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Introduction,
WAP architecture requirements,
Architecture overview,
World-wide web model,
WAP model,
Components of WAP architecture,
Sample Configuration of WAP technology,
Usage, Advantages & Disadvantages of WAP,
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP),
Wireless Markup Language (WML),
Generating WML with XSLT,
WAP Emulator.
Dynamic Data Offloading : Connect Intelligently With ANDSFGreen Packet
The arrival of varied smartphones and devices has inevitably encouraged greater data consumption.
Users are now more sophisticated and demand nothing less than best network performance. Smartphone generally accounts for higher ARPU and represents potential new revenue streams for enabling quad play services. Operators are aggressively addressing these challenges and improving the quality of their solution to retain existing customers and offering better service experience to build loyalty.
WiFi adoption as data offloading is gaining momentum as it improves user experience while lowering the cost of service providers. Correctly implemented, it can ease up to 20% of traffic with substantial impact of freeing up the spectrum and load balancing. Offloading data to WiFi hotspots is economically attractive, because many carriers already operate a substantial number of hotspots.
In this paper, we will examine how dynamic data offloading can be further optimized with 3GPP based Access Network Discovery Selection Function (ANDSF). ANDSF describes how the inter-system mobility between 3GPP systems and non-3GPP systems (ie: WLAN, WiMAX, CDMA) policies and priorities can control the conditions for which a device (UE) connects to which wireless network.
Internet of Things requires communication to devices that are either actuators or sensors. Each actuator and sensor has an identity. Each actuator and sensor may be either directly connected to the world wide web or indirectly connected via a type of gateway.
Communication to these devices needs to be reliable. Therefore each device may implement their most suitable communication protocol.
This deck describes the main common protocols and their usage for the Internet of Things
Charles Gibbons
apicrazy.com
This is a technical presentation describing two protocols namely MQTT and CoAP for IoT communications. This explains the protocols in conjunction with OSI layers.
Fighting against DDoS specially with volumetric attack is always challenging for an ISP or transit provider. There isn't any single solution which help us to filter out bad traffic; it's require collaboration with upstream and related organization. Beside this fining out the target is also time consuming; where most the the provider struggles. In this presentation I talk about my experience implementing few community based effort which help me to better fight against volumetric DDoS attack.
For more discussion on mobile data offload or Wi-Fi access networks, please visit: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns673/networking_solutions_solution_category.html.
An introduction to 5G technology through the evolution of mobile networks: from 1G to 5G. The presentation provides basic information about each generation of mobile network: features, limitations, basic radio technologies and algorithms behind each generation.
1.
Forests and rural areas video surveillance and fire detection
2.
Long distance wireless networks
3.
Effect of the environment to the wireless network
4.
Sensor networks for environment and fishfarm monitoring
5.
Underwater communication
6.
Physical Sensors
7.
Smart wireless sensor networks
8.
Ad Hoc Networks
9.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
10.
e-Health and Ambient Assisted Living
11.
Data Mining/Big Data (Smart Grids, Water Grids, …)
12.
Green Communications
13.
Mobility tracking and Position Detection
14.
Design, Implementation and Optimization of Wireless Networks
15.
Design, Implementation and Optimization of protocols for multimedia distribution
16.
Realtime Critical Systems
17.
Cloud Computing
18.
Network Security
UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER
WAP Model- Mobile Location based services -WAP Gateway –WAP protocols – WAP user agent profile- caching model-wireless bearers for WAP - WML – WMLScripts – WTA - iMode- SyncML
International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networking (IJWAMN)arpublication
Authors are invited to submit original research results, case studies, conference extended paper, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Engineering and Science Technology.
International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networking (IJWAMN)arpublication
The International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networking (IJWAMN) is an open access peer-reviewed international research journal. It publishes top-level work from all areas of wireless and Mobile networking. It aims to provide an international forum for researchers, professionals, and industrial practitioners on all topics related to wireless mobile networks. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
5G for Museums, Galleries and Heritage - unlocking the full potentialKTN
UK5G Creative Industries Working Group in partnership with the National Gallery delivered an event entitled “5G for Museums, Galleries and Heritage – unlocking the full potential” to explore the wealth of opportunities offered by 5G to the Arts and Heritage sector.
The high-bandwidth low-latency technologies promised by 5G will likely radically disrupt the sector both in the way the content is delivered and received. Thanks to 5G, immersive experiences will become more seamless and available not only to a groups of people at the same time but also to remote visitors. 5G will also impact how museums, galleries and other venues operate.
Find out more here: https://ktn-uk.co.uk/events/expression-of-interest-5g-for-museums-galleries-and-heritage-unlocking-the-full-potential-london
International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networking (IJWAMN)arpublication
The International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networking (IJWAMN) is an open access peer-reviewed international research journal. It publishes top-level work from all areas of wireless and Mobile networking. It aims to provide an international forum for researchers, professionals, and industrial practitioners on all topics related to wireless mobile networks. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
OMA LwM2M Workshop - Friedhelm Rodermund, OMA LwM2M in the IoT SpaceOpen Mobile Alliance
Friedhelm Rodermund from Vodafone presented during the Open Mobile Alliance LwM2M Workshop event on January 28, 2015. This is a copy of the slides presented for his session titled, "OMA LwM2M in the IoT Space".
Standards for providing Internet Services over Wireless NetworksManos Anastasiadis
Wireless networking technologies are now an integral part of modern people's everyday activities. This evolution was the result of the contribution of a series of open standards, designed and implemented with the cooperation of many people in international organizations. In this paper we will make a summary of these standards.
Wireless Communication and Networking by WilliamStallings Chap2Senthil Kanth
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it.
Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings Chapter : 2Transmission Fundamentals
Chapter 2
Electromagnetic Signal
Function of time
Can also be expressed as a function of frequency
Signal consists of components of different frequencies
Time-Domain Concepts
Analog signal - signal intensity varies in a smooth fashion over time
No breaks or discontinuities in the signal
Digital signal - signal intensity maintains a constant level for some period of time and then changes to another constant level
Periodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that repeats over time
s(t +T ) = s(t ) -¥< t < +¥
where T is the period of the signal
Time-Domain Concepts
Aperiodic signal - analog or digital signal pattern that doesn't repeat over time
Peak amplitude (A) - maximum value or strength of the signal over time; typically measured in volts
Frequency (f )
Rate, in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz) at which the signal repeats
Time-Domain Concepts
Period (T ) - amount of time it takes for one repetition of the signal
T = 1/f
Phase () - measure of the relative position in time within a single period of a signal
Wavelength () - distance occupied by a single cycle of the signal
Or, the distance between two points of corresponding phase of two consecutive cycles
Sine Wave Parameters
General sine wave
s(t ) = A sin(2ft + )
Figure 2.3 shows the effect of varying each of the three parameters
(a) A = 1, f = 1 Hz, = 0; thus T = 1s
(b) Reduced peak amplitude; A=0.5
(c) Increased frequency; f = 2, thus T = ½
(d) Phase shift; = /4 radians (45 degrees)
note: 2 radians = 360° = 1 period
Sine Wave Parameters
Time vs. Distance
When the horizontal axis is time, as in Figure 2.3, graphs display the value of a signal at a given point in space as a function of time
With the horizontal axis in space, graphs display the value of a signal at a given point in time as a function of distance
At a particular instant of time, the intensity of the signal varies as a function of distance from the source
Frequency-Domain Concepts
Fundamental frequency - when all frequency components of a signal are integer multiples of one frequency, it’s referred to as the fundamental frequency
Spectrum - range of frequencies that a signal contains
Absolute bandwidth - width of the spectrum of a signal
Effective bandwidth (or just bandwidth) - narrow band of frequencies that most of the signal’s energy is contained in
Frequency-Domain Concepts
Any electromagnetic signal can be shown to consist of a collection of periodic analog signals (sine waves) at different amplitudes, frequencies, and phases
The period of the total signal is equal to the period of the fundamenta
wireless communication and networking Chapter 1Senthil Kanth
wireless communication and networking by WilliamStallings
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called Wireless Communication and Networking
by WilliamStallings for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it.
This presentation agenda like,,
Introduction
Chapter 1: Wireless Comes of Age
Chapter 2: Transmission Fundamentals
Chapter 3: Communication Networks
Chapter 4: Protocols and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Chapter 5: Antennas and Propagation
Chapter 6: Signal Encoding Techniques
Chapter 7: Spread Spectrum
Chapter 8: Coding and Error Control
Chapter 9: Satellite Communications
Chapter 10: Cellular Wireless Networks
Chapter 11: Cordless Systems and Wireless Local Loop
Chapter 12: Mobile IP and Wireless Access Protocol
Chapter 13: Wireless LAN Technology
Chapter 14: IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Standard
Chapter 15: Bluetooth
Hai I'm Senthilkanth, doing MCA in Mepco Schlenk Engineering College..
The following presentation covers topic called WML for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA, ME students.Make use of it. WML Script by Shanti katta.
This presentation agenda like,
Introduction to Mobile Application DevelopmentSenthil Kanth
Introduction to Mobile Application Development
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Network Structure,
The WAP Gateway plays an important role,
WAP Programming Model,
WML Example,
Java Platform,
Java 2 Platform,
Virtual Machines and horizontal and vertical APIs specified in configurations and Profiles,
Configurations
Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks have to
face the challenge of frequently changing topology, low
transmission power and asymmetric links. Both
proactive and reactive routing protocols prove to be
inefficient under these circumstances. The Zone Routing
Protocol (ZRP) combines the advantages of the proactive
and reactive approaches by maintaining an up-to-date
topological map of a zone centered on each node. Within
the zone, routes are immediately available. For
destinations outside the zone, ZRP employs a route
discovery procedure, which can benefit from the local
routing information of the zones.
On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol.
This paper presents a novel multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc wireless networks. The protocol, termed ODMRP (On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol), is a mesh-based, rather than a conventional tree- based, multicast scheme and uses a forwarding group concept (only a sub- set of nodes forwards the multicast packets via scoped flooding). It applies on-demand procedures to dynamically build routes and maintain multicast group membership. ODMRP is well suited for ad hoc wireless networks with mobile hosts where bandwidth is limited, topology changes frequently, and power is constrained. We evaluate ODMRP’s scalability and performance via simulation.
Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Networks. This is a book for Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
&
DSR: The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. November 2011,
Authors : Giorgos Papadakis & Manolis Surligas
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Senthilkanth,MCA..
The following ppt's full topic covers Operating System for BSc CS, BCA, MSc CS, MCA students..
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
1.Introduction
2.OS Structures
3.Process
4.Threads
5.CPU Scheduling
6.Process Synchronization
7.Dead Locks
8.Memory Management
9.Virtual Memory
10.File system Interface
11.File system implementation
12.Mass Storage System
13.IO Systems
14.Protection
15.Security
16.Distributed System Structure
17.Distributed File System
18.Distributed Co Ordination
19.Real Time System
20.Multimedia Systems
21.Linux
22.Windows
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Introduction to wireless application protocol (wap)ogi
1. 1st International Student Spring
Symposium on Internet &
Web Technologies
Introduction to Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP)
and WAP 2.O Standard
24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
Presented by
Dragomanov Andon
Paunovski Ognen
2. 24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
Agenda
• What is WAP?
• Development and Objectives
• WAP Concept
• WAP 1.0 Architecture
• WAP 2.0 Architecture
• WAP 2.0 Features
• WML
• Real Life Examples
3. Definition of WAP
24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
“Wireless application protocol (WAP)
is an application environment and set of
communication protocols for wireless devices
designed to enable access to the Internet
and advanced telephony services
to the wireless community. “
W@P Forum
4. 24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
Development of WAP
• WAP Forum, Summer 1997
• WAP 1.0 Standard, 1998
– Open Standard
– Industry-Wide Specification
• WAP 2.0 Standard, 2002
5. 24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
Objectives of WAP
• Initial focus on wireless phones
– Low bandwidth, high latency, low connection stability
• To provide Internet access for wireless
devices
• Device & Network Independent
• To create Wireless Application Environment
– Micro-browser, e-mail, www, mobile to fax access etc.
– WML and WML script.
8. WAP 2.0 Protocol Architecture
• Optional Proxy
• Internet Protocols
• Proxy required for WAP 2.0 technologies
24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
9. WAP 2.0 Features
• WAP Push
• User Agent Profile
• Wireless Telephony Application
• Multimedia Messaging Service
• Supports High-Speed Technology (3G)
24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
10. WML – Wireless Markup Language
• Based on HTML
• WML Script based on Java Script
• Technical collaboration with W3C
• Micro Browser Technology
<WML>
<TEMPLATE>
24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
<DO TYPE="OPTIONS" LABEL="Main">
<GO URL="main_menu.wml"/>
</DO>
</TEMPLATE>
<CARD NAME="msg1">
<DO TYPE="ACCEPT" LABEL="Next">
<GO URL="#msg2"/>
</DO>
First story
</CARD>
<CARD NAME="msg2">
Second story
</CARD>
</WML>
First story
…
___________
Next Main
Second story
...
___________
OK Main
11. 24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
Real Life Examples
You will be able:
• to check your bank account balance while
drinking coffee with your friends
• to reserve place in the restaurant without
making any calls
• Watch 100m sprint race live while you are
stuck in traffic jam
12. 24 May 2002 Dragomanov Andon ::
Paunovski Ognen
S3IWT0
2
THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
(WDP) represents transport layer that send and receive message via network.
(WTLS) that does the encryption and provides security transport services required by many applications.
(WSP) layer that provides efficient exchange of data between applications.
Wireless Profiled HTTP (WP-HTTP) – WP-HTTP specification is a profile of HTTP for the wireless
environment and is fully interoperable with HTTP/1.1. The basic model of interaction between the WAP
Device and WAP Proxy/WAP Server is the HTTP request/response transaction. WP-HTTP supports message
body compression of responses and the establishment of secure tunnels.
Transport Layer Security (TLS) – A wireless profile of the TLS protocol will permit interoperability for
secure transactions. This profile for TLS includes cipher suites, certificate formats, signing algorithms and the
use of session resume. The profile also defines the method for TLS tunneling to support end-to-end security at
the transport level.
Wireless Profiled TCP (WP-TCP) – WP-TCP provides connection-oriented services. It is optimized for
wireless environments and is fully interoperable with standard TCP implementations in the Internet. Research
in optimizing TCP has resulted in a number of mechanisms to improve performance. This includes work by the
IETF PILC group that has recommended the use of some of these mechanisms for TCP implementations in long
thin networks. These have been documented in Standards Track RFCs and have been accepted by the Internet
community as useful and technically stable.
WAP Push - This service allows content to be sent or &quot;pushed&quot; to devices by server-based applications via a
Push Proxy. This functionality has been enhanced for the WAP 2.0 release. Push functionality is especially
relevant to real-time applications that send notifications to their users, such as messaging, stock price and traffic
update alerts. Without push functionality, these types of applications would require the devices to poll
application servers for new information or status.
User Agent Profile (UAProf) – This service provides a mechanism for describing the capabilities of clients and
the preferences of users to an application server. Enhanced for WAP 2.0 release, it is based on the Composite
Capabilities / Preference Profiles (CC/PP) work of the W3C, UAProf supports the client-server transaction
model by sending client and user information to servers with the request. This information permits the servers
to adapt their content accordingly in preparation for the response. Recognizing the importance of user&apos;s privacy, personal information submitted in these requests may be
controlled by the user.
WTA This service provides tools that provide for a range of advanced
telephony applications to be operated from within the application environment that traditionally supports data
functionality. These call handling services, such as making calls, answering them, placing them on hold and
redirecting them, can be seamlessly combined with other data services. This truly permits WAP WTA enabled
cell phones to be viewed as fully integrated Internet and voice service platforms.
MMS This service provides the framework to implement a feature-rich
messaging solution. MMS provides features and functionality that permits delivery of varied types of content.
Depending on the service model, MMS permits a quick delivery paradigm (like SMS) or a store-and-forward
approach (like email) or could permit both modes to operate.