This document provides an overview of LTE (Long Term Evolution) concepts. It discusses the 4G ideal concept, defines LTE and its advantages over 3G technologies. It also describes LTE's technical architecture, types of LTE, network elements, calling procedures, potential business impacts, and future uses. LTE Advanced is introduced as an evolution of LTE to support higher peak data rates of 1Gbps. The document concludes that LTE has surpassed previous generations in mobile communication.

1. LTE (LONG TERM EVOLUTION) CONCEPTS
MADE BY:
PROBAL MUKHERJEE (ECE2015/001)
SUBHAJIT DAS (ECE2015/013)
ANIRUDDHA PAUL (ECE2015/017)
SUMAN CHANDRA MODAK (ECE2015/047)

2. INDEX
➢ 4G IDEAL CONCEPT
➢ WHAT IS LTE AND ITS ADVANTAGES
➢ LTE TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE
➢ TYPES OF LTE
➢ LTE TECHNOLOGIES
➢ LTE NETWORK ELEMENTS
➢ CALLING PROCEDURES IN LTE
➢ POTENTIAL BUSINESS IMPACT
➢ LTE FUTURE AND USES
➢ LTE ADVANCED
➢ CONCLUSION
➢ BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. 4G IDEAL CONCEPT
➢4 G abbreviated for Fourth generation of
latest Mobile Communication Service.
➢This technology allows the user to have access
over Mobile Web, Gaming Applications, HD Video
conferencing and many more Applications.
➢ ITU described 4G as Network that could provide a
serv ice of 100 Mb/second for t ravel l in g users and
a speed of 1 Gigabits/second while in case of a
stationary users.

4. Data transfer speed of different generation
Mobile Network (Comparison based)
2G

5. WHAT IS LTE
• LTE is the next generation of Mobile broadband
technology
• Data rates of 100 Mbps
• It is the next level after UMTS 3G technology
• Works with IP!

6. ADVANTAGES
•Provides low latency
•Higher network throughput
•Increased data transfer speed
•More cost effectiveness
•Improvements over 3G network

7. LTEV/S OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
2G
(14.4
Kbps)
2.5G
(384
Kbps)
3G
(14.4
Mbps)
LTE
(115
Mbps)
4G (1
Gbps)
2G to 4G Evolution and data download rates

8. LT E TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE
Source: Ericsson (2009)

9. T Y P E S O F L T E
LTE FDD
➢Having paired frequencies
for both upload and
download functions.
➢Can perform both the task
without any Interference.
➢Only used at lower
frequencies
LTE TDD
➢Single frequency used to
transfer data.
➢Time measurement can be
changed depending upon the
requirement of work
➢Only used for higher
frequencies
➢Cheaper and less Traffic
consuming.

10. LTE TECHNOLOGIES
•OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing) for downlink
•SC-FDMA (Single Carrier – Frequency Division
Multiple Access) for uplink
•MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)
•SAE (System Architecture Evolution)

11. LTE NETWORK ELEMENTS
•Evolved Node B (eNB)
 Supports air interface
 Provides radio resource management functions
• Serving Gateway (SGW)
 Provides Mobility
 Responsible for Routing and Forwarding

12. LTE NETWORK ELEMENTS
(CONTD..)
•Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW)
 Provides connectivity to Internet
 Provides QoS and mobility between 3G and
non-3G networks
•Mobility Management Entity (MME)
 Manages mobility and provides security
 Operates in control plane and provides
Authentication.

13. CALLING PROCEDURES IN LTE
➢Volte (Voice Over LTE)
➢C S F B (Circuit Switched Feedback)
➢S VL T E (Simultaneous Voice and LTE)
❖ Of all these techniques Volte is more used in
commercial usage because it allows us to quickly
change the protocols from LTE to HSPA in caseof a
poor signal on LTE
❖ Moreover HDcalling is also enabled on Volte, given
that both the handsets contain this facility.

14. EACH SEGMENT OF THE ECOSYSTEM HAS A ROLE TO
PLAY LTE’S SUCCESS
• Demonstrated
potential through 4G
lab tests and trials
• Possibly, multi-
• Focused efforts to
understand &
address end-user
requirements
among consumers
and businesses
• Willingness to take
measured risks to
monetize 4G
standard base
stations to facilitate
migration from and
transitional
coexistence of 3G to
4G
• Innovative
applications that
take advantage of
LTE’s bandwidth and
latency
characteristics
• Rich
multimedia
content to drive
eyeballs to the
handset screen
• New, innovative
GUI designs totake
advantage of rich
multimedia content
and applications
• Development of
new device
categories (MIDs)
to leverage LTE
beyond the handset
• Dual-mode chips
to enable seamless
3G/4G coexistence
• Greater
computational
power onboard
• Improved
battery life for
media-intensive
applications
Source: LTE towards mobile broadband – Altman Vilandrie & company (2009)
Component
Vendors
Device
Providers
Network
Infrastructure
Providers
Content &
Applications
Developers
Content &
Application
Distributors

15. POTENTIAL BUSINESS IMPACT
Potential Impact Rationale
•ARPU Inc.
Value added applications
(Average Revenue per
User)
•CCPU Dec. All IP Networks
Migration, Multiple
networks
(Cash Cost per User)
•Customer Lifetime Same More devices per user
•Subscribers Inc. New applicants tap new
segments and greater
BW target performance
Source: LTE towards mobile broadband – Altman Vilandrie & company (2009)

16. LTE FUTURE AND USES
•Mass deployment to begin around 2012
•Devices which are covered under LTE are –
Mobile phones, laptops, cameras, camcorders
•Assured interoperability with older
wireless technologies such as GSM,
WCDMA/HSPA, CDMA, TD-SCDMA

17. LTE ADVANCED
Advantages:
➢ Peak Data Rates of 1GBPS to meet IMT Advanced
➢ standards for 4G
➢ Large Bandwidth upto 100MHZ of Spectrum
Disadvantages:
➢ Costly affair for use.
➢ Moreover the battery consumption is very high

18. CONCLUSION
Thusthe LTEtechnology hassurpassed its previous
generations and is now ruling over the Mobile
Communication and it is not so far that 5G is going
to come into play in our near future.

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY
➢HTTPS://WWW.TUTORIALSPOINT.COM/LTE/INDEX.H
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TUTORIALS/WHAT_LTE.HTML