The document discusses grounding teaching in how students learn. It recommends that teachers focus on helping students learn through critically reflective practice and understanding how students experience learning, which can vary depending on context. The document also suggests techniques for teachers like using critical incident questionnaires to get anonymous feedback from students on their most engaged, distanced, helpful, and puzzling moments in class and addressing themes in the next class session through negotiation rather than capitulation. It emphasizes the importance for teachers of developing expertise, experience, rationale, conviction, congruence, full disclosure, responsiveness, and acknowledging errors to build credibility and authenticity.